Development and internal validation of a prognostic model for predicting tonic-clonic seizures during pregnancy in women with epilepsy.

Background: We aim to develop a model to predict the probability of tonic-clonic seizures in women with epilepsy (WWE) at any point during pregnancy until six weeks postpartum.

Methods: We conducted a screening of patients diagnosed with epilepsy and who were pregnant, at a tertiary hospital in China, during the period of 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2020. We then followed up with these patients for at least one year postpartum.

Metal-Free Perovskite Ferroelectrics with the Most Equivalent Polarization Axes.

Ferroelectricity in metal-free perovskites (MFPs) has emerged as an academic hotspot for their lightweight, eco-friendly processability, flexibility, and degradability, with considerable progress including large spontaneous polarization, high Curie temperature, large piezoelectric response, and tailoring coercive field. However, their equivalent polarization axes as a key indicator are far from enough, although multiaxial ferroelectrics are highly preferred for performance output and application flexibility that profit from as many equivalent polarization directions as possible with easier reorientation. Here, by implementing the synergistic overlap of regulating anionic geometries (from spherical I to octahedral [PF] and to tetrahedral [ClO] or [BF]) and cationic asymmetric modification, we successfully designed multiaxial MFP ferroelectrics CMDABCO-NH-X (CMDABCO = -chloromethyl-'-diazabicyclo[2.

Wide-direct-band-gap monolayer carbon nitride CN: a potential metal-free photocatalyst for overall water splitting.

Two dimensional metal-free semiconductors with high work function have attracted extensive research interest in the field of photocatalytic water splitting. Herein, we have proposed a kind of highly stable monolayer carbon nitride CN with an anisotropic structure based on first principles density functional theory. The calculations of electronic structure properties, performed using the HSE06 functional, indicate that monolayer CN has a wide direct band gap of 2.

Novel CP monolayers: forming Z-scheme heterojunction and Janus structure for high-efficiency metal-free photocatalytic water splitting.

Metal-free two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have garnered significant attention in the realm of photocatalytic water splitting, primarily owing to their inherent clean, stable, and efficient photoresponsive properties. Motivated by it, we have proposed two types of stable CP monolayers with indirect band gaps, mediocre carrier mobility and excellent optical absorption in visible-light and ultraviolet regions. Although the too-low work function of monolayer α-CP and the too-high work function of monolayer β-CP make them only suitable for single-side redox reaction in photocatalytic water splitting, the creation of an α-CP/β-CP Z-scheme heterojunction, combined with the Janus monolayer γ-CP that integrates features of both α and β structures, effectively addresses this limitation, fulfilling the prerequisites for comprehensive photocatalytic water splitting.

Super-high carrier mobilities and excellent thermoelectric performances of Tri-Tri group-VA monolayers.

High-performance thermoelectric materials in theoretical and experimental research are mostly composed of expensive, scarce, heavy elements and rarely of single light elements, which severely limit their application and development. Based on density functional and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory, we determine that a stable phosphorene allotrope, named Tri-Tri phosphorene, has super-high electron mobility (23845.29 cm V s) much higher than those of most two-dimension materials.

Metal-free Janus α- and β-SiCP: designing stable and efficient two-dimensional semiconductors for water splitting.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors exhibit exceptional potential in the field of photocatalytic water splitting due to their unique structural characteristics and photoelectric properties. In this study, based on first-principles density functional theory, we theoretically proposed two SiCP Janus 2D semiconductors with high stability, namely monolayer α- and β-SiCP. By performing the calculation of HSE06 functionals, the band structures of monolayer α- and β-SiCP have been estimated, and the results show that both α- and β-SiCP are direct-band-gap semiconductors with band gaps of 1.

External validation and comparison of clinical scores for predicting late seizures after intracerebral hemorrhage in Chinese patients.

Purpose: Clinical scores have been established to predict the probability of late seizures following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) for individual patients, including the CAVE, CAVS and LANE scores. The purpose of this study was to compare these prediction scores in the Chinese population and undertake an independent external validation on them.

Methods: At one tertiary hospital in China, we retrospectively recruited consecutive inpatients who had been diagnosed with ICH.

External validation of the AntiEpileptic Drug Monitoring in PREgnancy (EMPiRE) model for predicting seizures in pregnant women with epilepsy.

Background: The AntiEpileptic Drug Monitoring in PREgnancy (EMPiRE) model is the only available tool for predicting seizures in pregnant women with epilepsy (WWE) using anti-seizure medications (ASMs); however, its predictive performance requires validation. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive ability of this model in pregnant Chinese WWE and its potential usefulness in clinical practice.

Methods: Data of the EMPiRE model were derived from the EMPiRE study, a prospective multicenter cohort study that recruited women on ASM monotherapy (lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin or levetiracetam) or polytherapy (lamotrigine with either carbamazepine, phenytoin or levetiracetam).

Structure-engineering the stability, electronic, optical and photocatalytic properties of hexagonal CP monolayers.

Structure engineering presents unique opportunities in materials science field, including material design and modification. Herein, we applied structure engineering to double-sublayer hexagonal CP monolayers so as to form two novel non-Janus structures and two new Janus structures. Based on first-principles calculations, the stability, electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties of the CP monolayers, including the two discovered structures and four new CP monolayers, have been investigated.

Two-dimensional H- and F-BX (X = O, S, Se, and Te) photocatalysts with ultrawide bandgap and enhanced photocatalytic performance for water splitting.

We theoretically propose a type of monolayer structure, H- or F-BX (X = As, Sb; Y = P, As), produced by surface hydrogenation or fluorination, with high stability, large band structures and high light absorption for photocatalytic water splitting. Based on first-principles calculations with the HSE06 functional, the electronic properties and optical properties were explored to reveal their potential performance in semiconductor devices. Additionally, owing to the Janus structure and high electronegativity of the monolayers, our calculations showed that surface fluorination can easily create an internal electric field compared with surface hydrogenation, which results in different trends of increasing bandgaps in monolayer H- and F-BX.

Development and validation of a novel radiomics-clinical model for predicting post-stroke epilepsy after first-ever intracerebral haemorrhage.

Objectives: Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel prediction model combining clinical factors and radiomics features to accurately identify patients at high risk of developing PSE after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: Researchers performed a retrospective medical chart review to extract derivation and validation cohorts of patients with first-ever ICH that attended two tertiary hospitals in China between 2010 and 2020.

Halogen Engineering To Realize Regulable Multipolar Axes, Nonlinear Optical Response, and Piezoelectricity in Plastic Ferroelectrics.

Compared with uniaxial molecular ferroelectrics, multiaxial ferroelectrics have better application prospects because they are no longer subject to the single-crystal form and have been pursued in recent years. Halogen engineering refers to the adjustment of halogens in materials at the atomic level, which can not only explore multiaxial ferroelectrics but also help to improve piezoelectrics, recently. In this work, we successfully synthesized and characterized three multiaxial plastic ferroelectrics through the precise molecular design from I to Cl, confirming the increase of the number of polar axes of ferroelectrics from 3 to 6, the increase of second-harmonic generation density from 2.

Two dimensional twin T-graphene: monolayer for visible-light photocatalytic water splitting and bulk for anode material of magnesium batteries.

Two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes with all-sp-hybridization have demonstrated great potential in nano-photoelectric devices, but the application of semiconductor photocatalysts for water splitting and anodes in magnesium batteries remains unoptimistic. Motivated by this, we theoretically study a highly stable all-sp-hybridized 2D carbon allotrope twin T-graphene (TTG) first-principles simulations. And through the calculations of the HSE06 functional, we find that TTG has a wide bandgap (2.

Association between minimally invasive surgery and late seizures in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: A propensity score matching study.

Purpose: The association between minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for hematoma evacuation and late seizures after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether MIS increases the risk of late seizures after ICH and identify the risk factors for late seizures in this patient subgroup.

Methods: We retrospectively included consecutive inpatients diagnosed with ICH at two tertiary hospitals in China.

Exploring the photocatalytic properties and carrier dynamics of 2D Janus XMMX' (X = S, Se; M = Ga, In; and X' = Te) materials.

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) Janus structures have been extensively explored because of their robust electron mobility and unique photocatalytic properties. In spite of the increasing interest, the origin of high photocatalytic activities and the behaviors of photoinduced carriers in this kind of materials have not been well understood. Herein, we present a step-by-step protocol based on the first-principles calculations combined with the non-adiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) simulations to unveil the origin of high photocatalytic activity of highly stable typical 2D Janus XMMX' structures (X = S, Se; M = Ga, In; and X' = Te).

Superior mechanical flexibility, lattice thermal conductivity and electron mobility of the hexagonal honeycomb carbon nitride monolayer.

Nitrogen is the nearest neighbor element of carbon and, thus, the hexagonal honeycomb carbon nitride monolayer (CN), which consists of a covalent network of carbon and nitrogen atoms, usually has attractive physical and chemical properties similar to those in graphene. Here, we systematically investigate the geometric structure, mechanical properties, thermal transport properties, and plasmon excitation of a new phase, labeled CN, and make a detailed comparison with other possible CN allotropes. All CN have a super-high layer modulus and Young's modulus.

Predicting the occurrence of early seizures after cerebral venous thrombosis using a comprehensive nomogram.

Background: Seizure is a common clinical manifestation of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). The mortality rate of patients with CVT with seizure is three times higher than that of patients without seizure. The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram to predict the individual probability of acute seizure events in patients with CVT.

The impact of social factors, especially psychological worries on anxiety and depression in patients with epilepsy.

Background: Social factors are believed to affect mental health in patients with epilepsy (PWE). However, there is still a lack of sufficient manifest proof, given the difficulty of exposing PWE to relatively consistent natural social environments with a low or high level of social interaction to study their significant role.

Methods: This single-center, longitudinal study was conducted via online questionnaires during the coronavirus disease 2019.

Agmatine Alleviates Epileptic Seizures and Hippocampal Neuronal Damage by Inhibiting Gasdermin D-Mediated Pyroptosis.

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease, and neuroinflammation is one of the main contributors to epileptogenesis. Pyroptosis is a type of pro-inflammatory cell death that is related to epilepsy. Agmatine, has anti-inflammatory properties and exerts neuroprotective effects against seizures.

Renin-angiotensin system inhibition reverses the altered triacylglycerol metabolic network in diabetic kidney disease.

Objective: Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Determining the changes in individual lipids and lipid networks across a spectrum of DKD severity may identify lipids that are pathogenic to DKD progression.

Methods: We performed untargeted lipidomic analysis of kidney cortex tissue from diabetic db/db and db/db eNOS mice along with non-diabetic littermate controls.

Monolayered H-Si-P semiconductors: structural stability, electronic structure, optical properties, and prospects for photocatalytic water splitting.

Group IV and V monolayers are promising state-of-the-art two-dimensional (2D) materials owing to their high carrier mobility, tunable bandgaps, and optical linear dichroism along with outstanding electronic and thermoelectric properties. Furthermore, recent studies revealed the stability of free-standing 2D monolayers by hydrogenation. Inspired by this, we systematically predicted and investigated the structure and properties of various hydrogen-saturated silicon phosphide (H-Si-P) monolayers based on first-principles calculations.

Validation of Predictive Models for Autoimmune Encephalitis-Related Antibodies to Cell-Surface Proteins Expressed in Neurons: A Retrospective Study Based in a Hospital.

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a severe but treatable autoimmune disorder that is diagnosed by antibody (Ab) testing. However, it is unrealistic to obtain an early diagnosis in some areas since the Ab status cannot be immediately determined due to time and technology restrictions. In our study, we aimed to validate the Antibody Prevalence in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (APE) score among patients diagnosed with possible AE as a predictive model to screen AE patients with antibodies to cell-surface proteins expressed in neurons.