The Role of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs (tsRNAs) in Regulating Cell Death of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Transfer RNA is a class of non-coding RNA that plays a role in amino acid translocation during protein synthesis. After specific modification, the cleaved fragment is called tRNA-derived small RNA. The advancement of bioinformatics technology has led to an increase in the visibility of small RNA derived from tRNA, and their functions in biological processes are being revealed.

Regenerative therapies for myocardial infarction: exploring the critical role of energy metabolism in achieving cardiac repair.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most lethal diseases worldwide, of which myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death. After myocardial infarction, in order to ensure normal blood supply to the heart, the remaining cardiomyocytes compensate for the loss of cardiomyocytes mainly by working at high capacity rather than by proliferating to produce new cardiomyocytes. This is partly due to the extremely limited ability of the adult heart to repair itself.

γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Metabolic Bypass Plays a Crucial Role in Stress Tolerance and Biofilm Formation in ATCC 29544.

is a foodborne pathogen characterized by its robust stress tolerance and ability to form biofilms, which facilitates its survival in powdered infant formula (PIF) processing environments for prolonged periods. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a kind of non-protein amino acid that acts as an osmoprotectant. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the gene on the survival of , GABA accumulation, and biofilm formation under desiccation, osmotic stress, and acid exposure.

Observation of perovskite topological valley exciton-polaritons at room temperature.

Topological exciton-polaritons are a burgeoning class of topological photonic systems distinguished by their hybrid nature as part-light, part-matter quasiparticles. Their further control over novel valley degree of freedom (DOF) has offered considerable potential for developing active topological optical devices towards information processing. Here, employing a two-dimensional (2D) valley-Hall perovskite lattice, we report the experimental observation of valley-polarized topological exciton-polaritons and their valley-dependent propagations at room temperature.

Dual cross-linked network of the active starch film by incorporating palmitic acid and geraniol: A comprehensive evaluation of the hydrophobic mechanism and antimicrobial activity.

In this study, (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) was employed as a bridging agent to enhance the compatibility between the hydrophilic starch/pectin film and the hydrophobic palmitic acid (PA) coating through hydrogen bonding and chemical reactions. To address the insufficient antibacterial activity of starch films, geraniol was also incorporated. The intermolecular interactions among APTES, PA, and starch were confirmed using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H NMR).

Transcriptomics analysis of the role of SdiA in desiccation tolerance of Cronobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula.

The quorum-sensing receptor SdiA is vital for regulating the desiccation tolerance of C. sakazakii, yet the specific mechanism remains elusive. Herein, transcriptomics and phenotypic analysis were employed to explore the response of C.

[Effects of Meteorological Conditions in Summer and Early Autumn on PM and O Pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Surrounding Areas].

PM pollution remains prominent in autumn, whereas O pollution gradually manifests in summer. To understand the dual high characteristics and meteorological effects of PM and O in the summer and early autumn of 2021 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM and O concentrations, as well as meteorological conditions, subtropical high index, and weather situation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas were analyzed. The results showed that PM concentration and DPO （O daily maximum 8h mean minus O concentration at 06：00） from June to September 2021 decreased compared with those in the same period in 2020 and 2022, and high concentrations were mainly occurring in June.

NIR-Driven Self-Healing Phase-Change Solid Slippery Surface with Stability and Promising Antifouling and Anticorrosion Properties.

Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) have great potential to replace traditional antifouling coatings due to their efficient, green, and broad-spectrum antifouling performance. However, the lubricant dissipation problem of SLIPS severely restricts its further development and application, and the robust SLIPS continues to be extremely challenging. Here, a composite phase-change lubricant layer consisting of paraffin, silicone oil, and MXene is designed to readily construct a stable and NIR-responsive self-healing phase-change solid slippery surface (PCSSS).

Fingerprint authentication based on deep convolutional descent inversion tomography.

Fingerprint authentication is widely used in various areas. While existing methods effectively extract and match fingerprint features, they encounter difficulties in detecting wet fingers and identifying false minutiae. In this paper, a fast fingerprint inversion and authentication method based on Lamb waves is developed by integrating deep learning and multi-scale fusion.

Deep Learning With Physics-Embedded Neural Network for Full Waveform Ultrasonic Brain Imaging.

The convenience, safety, and affordability of ultrasound imaging make it a vital non-invasive diagnostic technique for examining soft tissues. However, significant differences in acoustic impedance between the skull and soft tissues hinder the successful application of traditional ultrasound for brain imaging. In this study, we propose a physics-embedded neural network with deep learning based full waveform inversion (PEN-FWI), which can achieve reliable quantitative imaging of brain tissues.

Improving water resistance and mechanical properties of starch-based films by incorporating microcrystalline cellulose in a dynamic network structure.

The widespread use of starch-based films is hindered by inadequate tensile strength and high water sensitivity. To address these limitations, a novel starch film with a dynamic network structure was produced via the dehydration-condensation reaction of N, N'-methylene diacrylamide (MBA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The improvement in mechanical properties was enhanced by the incorporation of MCC, which was achieved through intermolecular hydrogen bonding and chemical crosslinking.

Variation characteristics of acid rain in Zhuzhou, Central China over the period 2011-2020.

Zhuzhou was one of the most polluted cities in China with the serious acid rain. Due to the implementation of air pollution control measures from 2016 to 2018, the acid rain pollution in this city has reduced. In order to understand the recent situation, a comprehensive study on the acid rain was carried out from January 2011 to December 2020.

3D Ultrasonic Brain Imaging with Deep Learning Based on Fully Convolutional Networks.

Compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT), ultrasound imaging is safer, faster, and more widely applicable. However, the use of conventional ultrasound in transcranial brain imaging for adults is predominantly hindered by the high acoustic impedance contrast between the skull and soft tissue. This study introduces a 3D AI algorithm, Brain Imaging Full Convolution Network (BIFCN), combining waveform modeling and deep learning for precise brain ultrasound reconstruction.

Structural basis of the human negative elongation factor NELF-B/C/E ternary complex.

Negative elongation factor (NELF) is a four-subunit transcription elongation factor that mainly functions in maintaining the paused state of RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes. Upon binding to Pol II, NELF works synergistically with DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) and inhibits transcription elongation of Pol II, which subsequently retains a stably paused state 20-60 base pairs downstream of the promoter. The promoter-proximal pausing of Pol II caused by NELF is a general mechanism of transcriptional regulation for most signal-responsive genes.

Comorbid Asthma Increased the Risk for COVID-19 Mortality in Asia: A Meta-Analysis.

We aimed to explore the influence of comorbid asthma on the risk for mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Asia by using a meta-analysis. Electronic databases were systematically searched for eligible studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated by using a random-effect model.

Transcranial Ultrasound Imaging With Decomposition Descent Learning-Based Full Waveform Inversion.

Noninvasive brain diagnosis is extremely important because of its efficiency, low cost, and painless nature in the prediction of stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, and other brain research. At present, achieving full 3-D quantitative ultrasonic imaging of the human brain is a cutting-edge challenge due to the complex structures of the human brain and the strong scattering caused by the skulls. In this article, we achieved quantitative ultrasonic imaging of inside-brain anomalies with our proposed method, the decomposition descent learning-based full waveform inversion (DDL-FWI).

Passivating Defects at the Bottom Interface of Perovskite by Ethylammonium to Improve the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells.

The interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays a significant role in influencing their performance, yet there is still scarce research focusing on their difficult-to-expose bottom interfaces. Herein, ethylammonium bromide (EABr) is introduced into the bottom interface and its passivation effects are studied directly. First, EABr can improve substrate wettability, which is beneficial for the perovskite-film deposition.

Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Microspheres Enhance Crystal Violet Dye Adsorption Properties.

In this study, a polysaccharide-based hydrogel microsphere (SFP/SA) was prepared using S. fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) and sodium alginate (SA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) demonstrated that SFP was effectively loaded onto the hydrogel microsphere.

Peripheral artery disease independently associated with significantly higher risk for COVID-19 mortality: Evidence based on adjusted effect estimates.

Objective: To investigate the influence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) on the risk of mortality among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients based on adjusted effect estimates.

Methods: Systematic searches were performed through electronic databases. A random-effect model was applied to calculate the pooled effect and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).

Significant association between HIV infection and increased risk of COVID-19 mortality: a meta-analysis based on adjusted effect estimates.

To investigate the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the risk of mortality among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients based on adjusted effect estimate by a quantitative meta-analysis. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled effect size (ES) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). I statistic, sensitivity analysis, Begg's test, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were also conducted.