LPA reduces the apoptosis of cryopreserved porcine skin-derived stem cells by inhibiting the regulatory factor TNF-α.

Preserving the viability and functionality of stem cells during cryopreservation is crucial for their successful application in regenerative medicine. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on reducing the apoptosis of cryopreserved porcine skin-derived stem cells (pSDSCs). Our findings revealed that LPA, at a concentration of 5 μM, significantly improved viability and reduced apoptosis in cryopreserved pSDSCs.

Lipoxin A4 modulates the PKA/CREB and NF-κB signaling pathway to mitigate chondrocyte catabolism and apoptosis in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is characterized by the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cartilage and the apoptosis of chondrocytes, which is caused by inflammation and disruptions of chondrocyte metabolism and inflammation. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a specialized pro-resolving mediator, has been shown to inhibit inflammation and regulate the balance between ECM synthesis and degradation. However, the therapeutic effects of LXA4 on TMJ-OA and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Association between sleep apnoea and risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of cohort-based studies.

Purpose: To provide updated evidence on the association of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)/sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) with risk of all-cause cognitive impairment/dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: A systematic literature search was done in PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus databases for cohort studies (retrospective or prospective) that documented the association of SDB/OSA with the risk of cognitive impairment or all-cause dementia or AD. Only studies that were published in the year 2000 and onwards were included.

Whole-Transcriptome Analysis of Non-Coding RNA Alteration in Porcine Alveolar Macrophage Exposed to Aflatoxin B1.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a type of mycotoxin produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and is commonly found in cereals, oils and foodstuffs. In order to understand the toxic effects of AFB1 exposure on Porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/2 cell), the 3D4/2 cells were exposed to 40 μg/mL AFB1 for 24 h in vitro, and several methods were used for analysis. Edu and TUNEL analysis showed that the proliferation of 3D4/2 cells was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis of 3D4/2 cells was significantly induced after AFB1 exposure compared with that of the control group.

Cryopreservation of porcine skin-derived stem cells using melatonin or trehalose maintains their ability to self-renew and differentiate.

Porcine skin-derived stem cells (pSDSCs) are a type of adult stem cells (ASCs) that retain the ability to self-renew and differentiate. Currently, pSDSCs research has entered an intense period of development; however there has been no research regarding methods of cryopreservation. In this paper, we explored an efficient cryopreservation method for pSDSCs.

Effects of interleukin 1β on long noncoding RNA and mRNA expression profiles of human synovial fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SFMSCs) play important regulatory roles in the physiological balance of the temporomandibular joint. Interleukin (IL)-1β regulates the biological behavior of SFMSCs; however, the effects of IL-1β on long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression in SFMSCs in the temporomandibular joint are unclear. Here, we evaluated the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of IL-1β-stimulated SFMSCs.

Quorum sensing signals improve the power performance and chlortetracycline degradation efficiency of mixed-culture electroactive biofilms.

Electroactive biofilms (EABs) play an important role in bioelectrochemical systems due to their abilities to generate electrons and perform extracellular electron transfer (EET). Here, we investigated the effects of quorum sensing (QS) signals on power output, chlortetracycline degradation, and structure of EABs in MFCs treating antibiotic wastewater. The voltage output of MFCs with C4-HSL and PQS increased by 21.

-Symmetric Aromatic Core of Griffithsin Is Essential for Potent Anti-HIV Activity.

Lectins, carbohydrate-binding proteins of nonimmune origin, bind to carbohydrates and glycan shields present on the surfaces of cells and viral spike proteins. Lectins thus hold great promise as therapeutic and diagnostic proteins, exemplified by their potent antiviral activities and the desire to engineer synthetic carbohydrate receptors based on lectin recognition principles. Here, we describe a new carbohydrate-binding architectural motif─namely, a -symmetric tyrosine-based aromatic core, present in the therapeutic lectin griffithsin (GRFT).

Histone deacetylase inhibitors attenuated interleukin-1β-induced chondrogenesis inhibition in synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells of the temporomandibular joint.

Aims: In the repair of condylar cartilage injury, synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) migrate to an injured site and differentiate into cartilage. This study aimed to confirm that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which alleviate arthritis, can improve chondrogenesis inhibited by IL-1β, and to explore its mechanism.

Methods: SMSCs were isolated from synovium specimens of patients undergoing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery.

YAP regulates porcine skin-derived stem cells self-renewal partly by repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Skin-derived stem cells (SDSCs) are a class of adult stem cells (ASCs) that have the ability to self-renew and differentiate. The regulation mechanisms involved in the differentiation of SDSCs are a hot topic. In this paper, we explore the link between the transcriptional regulator yes-associated protein (YAP) and the fate of porcine SDSCs (pSDSCs).

Structural Basis for a Dual Function ATP Grasp Ligase That Installs Single and Bicyclic ω-Ester Macrocycles in a New Multicore RiPP Natural Product.

Among the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products, "graspetides" (formerly known as microviridins) contain macrocyclic esters and amides that are formed by ATP-grasp ligase tailoring enzymes using the side chains of Asp/Glu as acceptors and Thr/Ser/Lys as donors. Graspetides exhibit diverse patterns of macrocylization and connectivities exemplified by microviridins, that have a caged tricyclic core, and thuringin and plesiocin that feature a "hairpin topology" with cross-strand ω-ester bonds. Here, we characterize chryseoviridin, a new type of multicore RiPP encoded by DS19109 (Phylum Bacteroidetes) and solve a 2.

Silencing of Vangl2 attenuates the inflammation promoted by Wnt5a via MAPK and NF-κB pathway in chondrocytes.

Background: The Wnt planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) both in animals and in humans. Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2) is a key PCP protein that is required for the orientation and alignment of chondrocytes in the growth plate. However, its functional roles in OA still remain undefined.

Production of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) from xylose-glucose mixtures by C1.

Due to the promising applications, the demand to enhance poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) production while decreasing the cost has increased in the past decade. Here, xylose/glucose mixture and corncob hydrolysate (CCH) was evaluated as alternatives for γ-PGA production by C1. Although both have been validated to support cell growth, glucose and xylose were not simutaneously consumed and exhibited a diauxic growth pattern due to carbon catabolite repression (CCR) in C1, while the enhanced transcription of alleviated the xylose transport bottleneck across a cellular membrane.

Vertirhodins A-F, C-Linked Pyrrolidine-Iminosugar-Containing Pyranonaphthoquinones from sp. B15-008.

Six novel pyranonaphthoquinones, vertirhodins A-F (-), were discovered from a soil-derived sp. B15-008. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance and comparison of experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism spectra.

Gut microbiota-mediated xanthine metabolism is associated with resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity.

Resistance to high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIR) has been observed in mice fed a high-fat diet and may provide a potential approach for anti-obesity drug discovery. However, the metabolic status, gut microbiota composition, and its associations with DIR are still unclear. Here, ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based urinary metabolomic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based fecal microbiome analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between metabolic profile, gut microbiota composition, and body weight of C57BL/6J mice on chow or a high-fat diet for 8 weeks.

A novel core-shell Fe@Co nanoparticles uniformly modified graphite felt cathode (Fe@Co/GF) for efficient bio-electro-Fenton degradation of phenolic compounds.

In this study, a core-shell Fe@Co nanoparticles uniformly modified graphite felt (Fe@Co/GF) was fabricated as the cathode by one-pot self-assembly strategy for the degradation of vanillic acid (VA), syringic acid (SA), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) in the Bio-Electro-Fenton (BEF) system. The Fe@Co/GF cathode showed dual advantages with excellent electrochemical performance and catalytic reactivity not only due to the high electron transfer efficiency but also the synergistic redox cycles between Fe and Co species, both of which significantly enhanced the in situ generation of HO and hydroxyl radicals (OH) to 152.40 μmol/L and 138.

Coordinated response of Au-NPs/rGO modified electroactive biofilms under phenolic compounds shock: Comprehensive analysis from architecture, composition, and activity.

Electroactive biofilms (EABs) can be integrated with conductive nanomaterials to boost extracellular electron transfer (EET) for achieving efficient waste treatment and energy conversion in bioelectrochemical systems. However, the in situ nanomaterial-modified EABs of mixed-culture, and their response under environmental stress are rarely revealed. Here, two nanocatalyst-decorated EABs were established by self-assembled Au nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide (Au-NPs/rGO) in mixed-biofilms with different maturities, then their multi-property were analyzed under long-term phenolic shock.

Inhibition of glucuronomannan hexamer on the proliferation of lung cancer through binding with immunoglobulin G.

The anti-lung cancer activity of oligosaccharides derived from glucuronomannan was investigated. The inhibition of A549 cell proliferation by glucuronomannan (Gn) and its oligomers (dimer (G2), tetramer (G4) and hexamer (G6)) were concentration dependent. In vivo activities on the A549-derived tumor xenografts showed the tumor inhibition of G2, G4 and G6 were 17 %, 40 % and 46 %, respectively.

Yohimbine Ameliorates Temporomandibular Joint Chondrocyte Inflammation with Suppression of NF-κB Pathway.

Local joint inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthrosis (TMJOA). Yohimbine, an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist, possesses anti-inflammatory properties; however, the ability of Yohimbine to protect against TMJOA-associated chondrocyte inflammation remains unclear. We conducted in vitro and in vivo analyses to investigate whether Yohimbine could ameliorate TMJOA-induced chondrocyte inflammation and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.

Structural characteristics and anti-complement activities of polysaccharides from Sargassum hemiphyllum.

Three polysaccharides (SH-1, SH-2 and SH-3) were purified from a brown macroalgea, Sargassum hemiphyllum. The autohydrolysis products from each polysaccharide were separated to three fractions (S fractions as oligomers, L fractions as low molecular weight polysaccharides and H fractions as high molecular weight polysaccharides). Mass spectroscopy of S fractions (SH-1-S, SH-2-S and SH-3-S) showed that these three polymers all contained short stretches of sulfated fucose.

Knockdown of long non‑coding RNA AK094629 attenuates the interleukin‑1β induced expression of interleukin‑6 in synovium‑derived mesenchymal stem cells from the temporomandibular joint.

Interleukin (IL)‑1β is a key promotor in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Differentiation of stem cells to cartilage is a crucial repair mechanism of articular cartilage damage, and IL‑1β has been reported to impede the differentiation by upregulating the secretion of IL‑6, an important inflammatory factor. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a number of physiological and pathological processes, but whether lncRNA AK094629 contributes to the IL‑1β mediated induction of inflammation remains unclear.

Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Attenuates Interleukin-1β-Induced Interleukin-6 Upregulation by Inhibiting the Microtubule Affinity-Regulating Kinase 4/Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway in Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Temporomandibular Joint.

Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) can migrate to the site of destroyed condylar cartilage and differentiate into chondrocytes to repair temporomandibular joint (TMJ) damage. Interleukin (IL)-1β-induced IL-6 secretion has been shown to inhibit the chondrogenic potential of SMSCs. The histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has recently been shown to be closely related to the inflammation induced by IL-1β.

Structural characterization and anti-lung cancer activity of a sulfated glucurono-xylo-rhamnan from Enteromorpha prolifera.

A sulfated glucurono-xylo-rhamnan (EP-3-H) was purified from a green alga, Enteromorpha prolifera. EP-3-H and its oligomers were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and one and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resource spectroscopy. The structural analysis showed EP-3-H has a backbone of glucurono-xylo-rhamnan, branches with glucuronic acid and sulfated at C3 of rhamnose and/or C2 of xylose.

Structural analysis of a novel sulfated galacto-fuco-xylo-glucurono-mannan from Sargassum fusiforme and its anti-lung cancer activity.

Polysaccharide (HFSGF) was purified from Sargassum fusiforme. Autohydrolysis and gel column chromatography were performed to fractionate HFSGF into three components (HFSGF-S, HFSGF-L and HFSGF-H). Compositional analysis, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to elucidate the structural features of HFSGF.

Pectic Oligosaccharides from Cranberry Prevent Quiescence and Persistence in the Uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Escherichia coli create a large burden on healthcare and frequently lead to recurrent infections. Part of the success of E. coli as an uropathogenic bacterium can be attributed to its ability to form quiescent intracellular reservoirs in bladder cells and its persistence after antibiotic treatment.