IL-17 and IL-22 are pivotal cytokines to delay wound healing of infected skin.

Introduction: Although the presence of pathogens in skin wounds is known to delay the wound healing process, the mechanisms underlying this delay remain poorly understood. In the present study, we have investigated the regulatory role of proinflammatory cytokines on the healing kinetics of infected wounds.

Methods: We have developed a mouse model of cutaneous wound healing, with or without wound inoculation with and , two major pathogens involved in cutaneous wound bacterial infections.

Observance of preoperative clear fluid fasting in pediatric anesthesia: oral and written information versus text message information. A before-and-after study.

Introduction: Prolonged fasting before surgery is common in pediatrics. In the literature, it is responsible for hypotension, irritability and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Despite clear instructions given during the preanesthetic consultation, fasting rules are respected in only 30%-40% of cases.

Interleukin-17A-induced production of acute serum amyloid A by keratinocytes contributes to psoriasis pathogenesis.

Background: Acute-serum Amyloid A (A-SAA), one of the major acute-phase proteins, is mainly produced in the liver but extra-hepatic synthesis involving the skin has been reported. Its expression is regulated by the transcription factors NF-κB, C/EBPβ, STAT3 activated by proinflammatory cytokines.

Objectives: We investigated A-SAA synthesis by resting and cytokine-activated Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEK), and their inflammatory response to A-SAA stimulation.

Development of a new model of reconstituted mouse epidermis and characterization of its response to proinflammatory cytokines.

The development of three-dimensional models of reconstituted mouse epidermis (RME) has been hampered by the difficulty to maintain murine primary keratinocyte cultures and to achieve a complete epidermal stratification. In this study, a new protocol is proposed for the rapid and convenient generation of RME, which reproduces accurately the architecture of a normal mouse epidermis. During RME morphogenesis, the expression of differentiation markers such as keratins, loricrin, filaggrin, E-cadherin and connexins was followed, showing that RME structure at day 5 was similar to those of a normal mouse epidermis, with the acquisition of the natural barrier function.

Oncostatin M overexpression induces skin inflammation but is not required in the mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation.

Oncostatin M (OSM) has been reported to be overexpressed in psoriasis skin lesions and to exert proinflammatory effects in vitro on human keratinocytes. Here, we report the proinflammatory role of OSM in vivo in a mouse model of skin inflammation induced by intradermal injection of murine OSM-encoding adenovirus (AdOSM) and compare with that induced by IL-6 injection. Here, we show that OSM potently regulates the expression of genes involved in skin inflammation and epidermal differentiation in murine primary keratinocytes.

Epidermal healing in burns: autologous keratinocyte transplantation as a standard procedure: update and perspective.

Background: Treatment of burned patients is a tricky clinical problem not only because of the extent of the physiologic abnormalities but also because of the limited area of normal skin available.

Methods: Literature indexed in the National Center (PubMed) has been reviewed using combinations of key words (burns, children, skin graft, tissue engineering, and keratinocyte grafts). Articles investigating the association between burns and graft therapeutic modalities have been considered.

Study of proliferation and 3D epidermal reconstruction from foreskin, auricular and trunk keratinocytes in children.

Objective: Severe burns in children are conventionally treated with split-thickness skin autografts or epidermal sheets. An alternative approach is to graft isolated keratinocytes. We evaluated foreskin and other anatomic sites as donor sources for autologous keratinocyte graft in children.

Mutations in the human UBR1 gene and the associated phenotypic spectrum.

Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, typical facial features, dental anomalies, hypothyroidism, sensorineural hearing loss, scalp defects, urogenital and anorectal anomalies, short stature, and cognitive impairment of variable degree. This syndrome is caused by a defect of the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR1, which is part of the proteolytic N-end rule pathway. Herein, we review previously reported (n = 29) and a total of 31 novel UBR1 mutations in relation to the associated phenotype in patients from 50 unrelated families.

Foreskin-isolated keratinocytes provide successful extemporaneous autologous paediatric skin grafts.

Severe burns in children are conventionally treated with split-thickness skin autografts or epidermal sheets. However, neither early complete healing nor quality of epithelialization is satisfactory. An alternative approach is to graft isolated keratinocytes.

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: are viruses involved?

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the internal circular muscle layer. IHPS is known to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but its precise causes and pathophysiology are poorly understood. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of the principal viruses targeting the respiratory and digestive tracts in children with IHPS.

Wandering spleen in children: multicenter retrospective study.

Wandering spleen in children is a rare condition. The diagnosis is difficult, and any delay can cause splenic ischemia. An epidemiologic, semiological, and surgical diagnosis questionnaire on incidence of wandering spleen in children was sent to several French surgical teams.

Growth in infants in the first two years of life after neonatal repair for unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objective: To evaluate the growth during the first two years of life in infants after unilateral cleft lip and palate neonatal repair.

Method: All mature infants with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (NSUCLP) born between 2004 and 2007 were included. Information concerning growth was collected.

[Neonatal computed tomographic maxillary explorations in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate].

The aim was to examine the bony maxillary structures by computed tomographic measurements in newborns with unilateral cleft lip and palate before cheiloplasty. Analysis of maxillary bone was performed and size parameters were measured by computed-tomographic analysis in 12 infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate. We compared the bony maxillary length and the bony maxillary width between the cleft side and the healthy side.

Solitary intestinal fibromatosis associated with congenital ileal atresia.

We report for the first time an association between congenital solitary intestinal fibromatosis and intestinal atresia. The spindle cell proliferation showed a high apoptotic index contrasting with a low proliferation rate, suggesting that the tumor may have undergone focal and spontaneous regression, leading to intestinal atresia.

Early repair for infants with cleft lip and nose.

Objective: To study the results 10 years after early surgical cleft lip and nose repair.

Patients And Methods: We present the outcome of 123 early cleft lip repairs whose condition was managed in a multidisciplinary team according to a strict protocol. We give the observation results of operations of a single surgeon's neonatal surgery over a 10-year period in term of aesthetic assessments and dental arch relationships.

Surgical treatment of haemangioma in infants.

Haemangiomas usually can be identified by their clinical course. They are characterised by presentation at birth or shortly thereafter, and a rapid proliferative phase over the first 12 months. The haemangioma then usually stabilises and slowly involutes over a period of 5-7 years.

[Vesicoureteral reflux: diagnosis and management in children].

Objective: Based on a retrospective study of children followed for vesicoureteric reflux, the authors evaluated the role of antenatal diagnosis in the detection and global management of the most frequent uropathy observed in children.

Materials And Methods: The case files of 180 children followed for reflux over a 4-year period were reviewed. The diagnosis of reflux was based on retrograde cystography.

[Laparoscopic treatment of the nonpalpable testis. Results].

Objective: The purpose of laparoscopy in the management of the non palpable testis is to provide information regarding testicular presence and location to facilitate overall surgical management.

Materials And Methods: We report our experience with laparoscopic orchiopexy to treat 39 nonpalpable testes in 32 patients, patient age ranged from 2.3 years to 14 years (average 4.