Friction in physical chemistry is crucial for improving membrane performance, particularly by reducing resistance to solvent flow and enhancing water transport at the nanoscale.
A new porous membrane inspired by the Tillandsia leaf structure was developed using covalent organic frameworks (COFs), featuring a rough hydrophilic inlet and hydrophobic pore channels to minimize solvent pressure and friction.
The resulting COF membranes effectively harvested fog from the air, achieving a high water harvesting rate while also filtering out small pollutants, showcasing their potential for efficient fluid transport and collection.
Gradients play a pivotal role in membrane technologies, e.g., osmotic energy conversion, desalination, biomimetic actuation, selective separation, and more.