Predictive model for HBsAg clearance rate in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon α-2b for 48 weeks.

Background And Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major global health concern. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance in CHB patients treated with pegylated interferon α-2b (Peg-IFNα-2b) for 48 weeks and to establish a predictive model.

Methods: This analysis is based on the "OASIS" project, a prospective real-world multicenter study in China.

Comparisons of efficacy and safety of 400 or 800 ml bacterial count fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of recurrent hepatic encephalopathy: a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial in China.

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) represents a critical complications of end-stage liver disease, serving as an independent predictor of mortality among patients with cirrhosis. Despite effective treatment with rifaximin, some patients with HE still progress to recurrent episodes, posing a significant therapeutic challenge. Recurrent HE is defined as experiencing two or more episodes within a 6-month period.

Differential intestinal microbes and metabolites between Behcet's uveitis and Fuchs syndrome.

Objective: Behcet's uveitis (BU) is a type of uveitis with a high rate of blindness, characterized by anterior segment inflammation, vitreous opacity, and retinal vasculitis. Its pathogenesis is still unclear. Fuchs syndrome (Fuchs) is another common type of uveitis, which clinically presents with anterior segment inflammation and vitreous opacity, but rarely causes blindness.

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with reduced chronic pancreatitis risk: a longitudinal cohort study.

: The role of diet on the risk of chronic pancreatitis (CP) is understudied. The health benefits of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) pattern have long been recognized, but its association with CP risk is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to MedDiet and the incidence of CP in a large-scale cohort.

Exploring the lack of continuity of care in older cancer patients under China's 'integrated health system' reform.

Background: Continuity of care is essential to older patients' health outcomes, especially for those with complex needs. It is a key function of primary healthcare. Despite China's policy efforts to promote continuity of care and an integrated healthcare system, primary healthcare centres (PHCs) are generally very underused.

Microbial genotoxin-elicited host DNA mutations related to mitochondrial dysfunction, a momentous contributor for colorectal carcinogenesis.

Gut microbe dysbiosis increases repetitive inflammatory responses, leading to an increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer. Recent studies have revealed that specific microbial species directly instigate mutations in the host nucleus DNA, thereby accelerating the progression of colorectal cancer. Given the well-established role of mitochondrial dysfunction in promoting colorectal cancer, it is reasonable to postulate that gut microbes may induce mitochondrial gene mutations, thereby inducing mitochondrial dysfunction.

Estimating the key outcomes and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in patients in immune-tolerant phase of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The question of whether patients in the immune-tolerant (IT) phase of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection should undergo antiviral therapy and determine the optimal regimen remains unclear. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Wanfang Data from inception to 5 December 2023, was conducted. Studies reporting on key outcomes such as HBV DNA undetectability, HBeAg loss or seroconversion, HBsAg loss or seroconversion, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence in patients in the IT phase of chronic HBV infection were included.

Alterations of pathogen transmission patterns and attenuated immune stimulation might be the cause of increased adult respiratory infections cases in 2023, results from a multi-center study in mainland China.

Background: Several respiratory infections outbreaks have been observed in mainland China after reduction of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Other countries have seen increases in respiratory infections outside typical seasons post-COVID-19, warranting investigation into underlying causes.

Methods: We established monitoring networks for suspected respiratory infection in 14 tertiary hospitals nationwide.

Eliciting Older Cancer Patients' Preferences for Follow-Up Care to Inform a Primary Healthcare Follow-Up Model in China: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Background And Objectives: Increasing longevity and advances in treatment have increased the cancer burden in the elderly, resulting in complex follow-up care needs; however, in China, little is known about the follow-up care preferences of these patients. This study quantified older cancer patients' preferences for follow-up care and examined the trade-offs they are willing to make to accept an alternative follow-up model.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment was conducted among inpatients aged over 60 years with breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer, at two large tertiary hospitals in Nantong, China.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To describe the choroidal retinal microvascular system in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) subjects and furnish additional proof for the early authentication and treatment of VKH suffers.

Methods: From the beginning to July 2023, a comprehensive search for issued articles on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) among VKH sufferers was implemented in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. This meta-analysis included 9 eligible studies.

Gut microbes in central nervous system development and related disorders.

The association between gut microbiota and central nervous system (CNS) development has garnered significant research attention in recent years. Evidence suggests bidirectional communication between the CNS and gut microbiota through the brain-gut axis. As a long and complex process, CNS development is highly susceptible to both endogenous and exogenous factors.

A Real-World Study on Safety and Efficacy of TAF Treatment in HBV Patients with High Risk of Osteoporosis or Osteopenia in China.

Objective: Long-term antiviral treatment is necessary for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and treatment safety is imperative for these patients. Previous studies showed tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has shown efficacy non-inferior to that of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) with improved renal and bone safety. However, there is still a lack of a rapid and convenient method to identify CHB patients at high risk of osteoporosis before initiating antiviral treatment.

Corrigendum: Diversity recovery and probiotic shift of gastric microbiota in functional dyspepsia patients after eradication therapy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.

Gut microbe and hepatic macrophage polarization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic hepatic disorder with the potential to progress to hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Activation of hepatic macrophages, important innate immune cells predominantly composed of Kupffer cells, plays a pivotal role in NAFLD initiation and progression. Recent findings have underscored the regulatory role of microbes in both local and distal immune responses, including in the liver, emphasizing their contribution to NAFLD initiation and progression.

Diversity recovery and probiotic shift of gastric microbiota in functional dyspepsia patients after eradication therapy.

The effects of eradication on gastric mucosa-colonizing microbes in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) remain unclear. Here, we explored microbial variation induced by infection and eradication treatment in FD patients. Gastric microbial abundance and diversity were significantly reduced in the -infected FD patients.

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and clearance of hepatitis B surface for CHB patients in the indeterminate phase: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Nearly 30%-40% of patients with chronic hepatitis B do not fall into any of the traditional natural history classification and thus are classified as indeterminate. However, it is unclear whether patients in the indeterminate phase (IP) are at a higher risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than those in the defined phases (DP) and would benefit from antiviral therapy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of HCC incidence and HBsAg clearance among patients in the IP versus DP.

AhR may be involved in Th17 cell differentiation in chronic hepatitis B.

Th17 cells which are crucial for host immunity have been demonstrated to increase HBV infection. However, the mechanism of the Th17 cell increase is unknown. Hence, the mechanism of Th17 cell enhancement is important to provide a theoretical foundation for chronic hepatitis B immunotherapy.

Correlation analysis of lung mucosa-colonizing bacteria with clinical features reveals metastasis-associated bacterial community structure in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Microbes colonizing lower airways can regulate the host immune profile and consequently participate in lung disease. Increasing evidence indicate that individual microbes promote lung cancer progression and are involved in metastasis incidence. To date, however, no study has revealed the community structure of lung bacteria in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

[A case of liver failure caused by fatal amanita poisoning was successfully treated by open cholecystostomy drainage].

The fatality rate of liver failure caused by fatal amanita poisoning is high, and there are no effective antidote drugs in China. On July 30, 2020, the department of infectious diseases and liver diseases of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province admitted a 67-year-old female patient with liver failure caused by fatal amanita poisoning. The patient went to the emergency department for treatment due to abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea after eating 350-400 g of amanita mushroom for 2 days, accompanied by fatigue for 1 day.

Polymorphisms of the and genes are associated with biochemical indices and viral subtypes in Yunnan HCV patients.

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was the primary reason causing critical hepatic Q7 diseases. Although direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) were widely used in clinics, anti-drug mutation, the outcome of patients with different viral subtypes, and recurrence suggested that HCV pathogenic mechanism should be studied further. HCV infection, replication, and outcome were influenced by the IFNL4 and itsdownstream genes (MxA and MxB).

Sleep duration and daytime napping in relation to incident inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Sleep dysregulation has been linked to gastrointestinal dysfunction and inflammation.

Aims: To explore the associations between sleep duration, daytime napping and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Exposure information was obtained from the baseline questionnaire.

Effectiveness of Computerized Cognitive Training in Delaying Cognitive Function Decline in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: With no current cure for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), delaying its progression could significantly reduce the disease burden and improve the quality of life for patients with MCI. Computerized cognitive training (CCT) has recently become a potential instrument for improvement of cognition. However, the evidence for its effectiveness remains limited.