Relationship between serum vitamin D levels and thyroid- and parathyroid-related diseases: a Mendelian randomisation study.

Previous studies have indicated an association between vitamin D and thyroid- and parathyroid-related diseases. However, it remains unclear whether it is a cause of the disease, a side effect of treatment or a consequence of the disease. The Mendelian randomisation (MR) study strengthens the causal inference by controlling for non-heritable environmental confounders and reverse causation.

SGLT-2 inhibitors are beneficial in reducing the risk of thyroid cancer: findings from a Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Previous studies have investigated the association between diabetes medications and thyroid cancer, but the results have not been conclusive. This study used a Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the causal relationship between diabetes medications and thyroid cancer (TC).

Methods: Exposures were six major diabetes medications target, while outcomes were TC and its differentiated forms, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC).

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Anesthesia and Thoracic Surgery Medical Staff Toward Ai-PCA.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing various medical fields, including anesthesiology. The Introduction of artificial intelligent patient-controlled analgesia (Ai-PCA) has been seen as a significant advancement in pain management. However, the adoption and practical application of Ai-PCA by medical staff, particularly in anesthesia and thoracic surgery, have not been extensively studied.

Cost-effectiveness of adjuvant endocrine treatment with tamoxifen for male breast cancer.

Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is recommended as the first-line strategy for men with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive early breast cancer who are candidates for adjuvant endocrine therapy in ASCO guideline. Our study aims to analyze the cost-effectiveness of receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy with TAM compared to no TAM, and to assess the cost-effectiveness of using TAM with high adherence over low adherence for ER-positive early male breast cancer in the USA.

Methods: Two Markov models comprising three mutually exclusive health states were constructed: (1) the first Markov model compared the cost-effectiveness of adding TAM with not using TAM (TAM versus Not-TAM); (2) the second model compared the cost-effectiveness of receiving TAM with high adherence and low adherence (High-adherence-TAM versus Low-adherence-TAM).

Conservative management of a rare case of post thyroidectomy tracheal injury with coagulation abnormalities.

Background: Tracheal injury is a rare but potentially serious acute complication of endotracheal intubation. Very few cases of tracheal injury associated with coagulation abnormalities have been reported in the literature. We present a rare case of a patient presenting with tracheal injury in combination with coagulation abnormalities following thyroidectomy.

Down-regulating lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 relieves type II alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis during one-lung ventilation via modulating miR-129-5p/HMGB1 axis induced pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx.

Objective: Endothelial glycocalyx (EG) maintains vascular homeostasis and is destroyed after one-lung ventilation (OLV)-induced lung injury. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critically involved in various lung injuries. This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in OLV-induced lung injury and LPS-induced type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) apoptosis.

Is circulating tumor cell count-driven cost-effective for first-line therapy choice in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer in the United States?

Background: Circulating tumor cell (CTC) counting may be a useful non-invasive biomarker that helps patients choose first-line treatment options. Nevertheless, the cost of CTC inspection may impose an economic burden on patients, necessitating the simultaneous consideration of both its clinical effectiveness and cost. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of CTC count-guided chemotherapy and endocrine therapy as first-line therapy for HR+/HER2-metastatic breast cancer (MBC) from the perspective of US payers.

Anastrozole for the prevention of breast cancer in high-risk postmenopausal women: cost-effectiveness analysis in the UK and the USA.

Purpose: The effectiveness of anastrozole for breast cancer prevention has been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of anastrozole for the prevention of breast cancer in women with a high risk of breast cancer and to determine whether anastrozole for the primary prevention of breast cancer can improve the quality of life of women and save health-care resources.

Methods: A decision-analytic model was used to assess the costs and effects of anastrozole prevention versus no prevention among women with a high risk of breast cancer.

Is Alpelisib Plus Fulvestrant Cost-Effective for Treating PIK3CA-Mutation, HR+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer in the USA?

Background And Objective: There is a considerable survival benefit of alpelisib in patients with PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer (HR+/HER2- ABC), yet the financial burden may limit its use. Therefore, this study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of alpelisib plus fulvestrant in patients with PIK3CA-mutated, HR+/HER2- ABC in the USA.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed to simulate the progression of PIK3CA-mutated, HR+/HER2- ABC.

Correlation between serum lipid levels and endocrine resistance in patients with ER-positive breast cancer.

Lipid metabolism may be involved in the development of endocrine drug resistance in ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lipid levels, risk stratification of dyslipidemia, and endocrine resistance. We collected the data from 166 ER + breast cancer patients who received endocrine therapy (ET).

Effects of Press Needling combined with general anesthesia on postoperative analgesia in thoracoscopic pulmonary resection for lung cancer: A randomized, single-blind, controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of press needle therapy on postoperative analgesia and other relevant complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary resection.

Design: randomized, single-blind, controlled trial SETTING: Teaching hospitals affiliated with universities.

Interventions: Eighty-six patients were randomized into: the Acu group (press-needle group) and the control group MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain levels 24, 48, and three months after surgery were measured using the numeric rating scale (NRS).

The effect of ferroptosis - related proteins and histone deacetylases1 on neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Ferroptosis may improve the efficacy of tumor treatment, according to recent evidences. This study is to explore value of histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1), ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 and ferroptosis-related proteins as potential predictive biomarkers. Eighty-two women who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) confirmed breast cancer was included.

Is Lidocaine Patch Beneficial for Postoperative Pain?: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate whether a lidocaine patch is beneficial for postoperative pain as an option for multimodal analgesia.

Methods: Information was obtained from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for clinical randomized controlled trials of lidocaine patches for postoperative pain (as of March 2022). Two researchers independently completed study screening, risk bias assessment, and data extraction.

Cost-effectiveness of olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in China and United States.

Background: Metastatic prostate cancer is initially sensitive to androgen receptor inhibition, but eventually becomes metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Olaparib has longer progression-free survival and better measures of response and patient-reported end points than either enzalutamide or abiraterone. In the present study, 2 Markov models were established to analyze the cost utility of olaparib in treating mCRPC from the perspectives of health services in China and the United States.

Long non-coding RNA H19 mediates N-acetyltransferase 1 gene methylation in the development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is associated with proliferation, invasion and metastasis in numerous types of cancer. H19 lncRNA has been demonstrated to be an estrogen-inducible gene, the expression of which is significantly increased in tamoxifen (TAM)-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of lncRNA H19 in the development of TAM resistance.

NUDT15 genetic testing-guided 6-mercaptopurine dosing in children with ALL likely to be cost-saving in China.

Objective: The cost-effectiveness of NUDT15 genetic testing-guided initial 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) dosing in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was evaluated.

Methods: A decision tree model was used to evaluate the cost to China's medical system per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained and cost per case of severe leukopenia avoided of NUDT15 genetic testing using public clinical data.

Results: Genetic testing-guided initial 6-MP dosing reduced overall costs by $518.

Efficacy of Laparoscopic Hepatectomy Open Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Cirrhosis: A Meta-analysis of Case-Matched Studies.

Background: The role of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cirrhosis remains controversial and needs to be further assessed. The present meta-analysis aimed to compare the surgical and oncological outcomes of LH with those of open hepatectomy (OH) for HCC with cirrhosis.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies comparing LH and OH until Mar 2021.

NAT1 is a critical prognostic biomarker and inhibits proliferation of colorectal cancer through modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR.

The aim of this study was to analyze the correlations between NAT1 and clinicopathological features of and prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). RNA sequencing data and clinical information were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Wilcoxon test, logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier method were used to estimate the association between NAT1 and prognosis in CRC.

The Roles of Inflammation in Keloid and Hypertrophic Scars.

The underlying mechanisms of wound healing are complex but inflammation is one of the determining factors. Besides its traditional role in combating against infection upon injury, the characteristics and magnitude of inflammation have dramatic impacts on the pathogenesis of scar. Keloids and hypertrophic scars are pathological scars that result from aberrant wound healing.

Curcumin attenuates lncRNA H19‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in tamoxifen‑resistant breast cancer cells.

The H19 long non‑coding RNA is involved in the development of tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. However, the relationship between H19 and the metastatic potential and treatment options for tamoxifen‑resistant (TAMR) breast cancer is not completely understood. Curcumin inhibits cellular proliferation, migration and invasiveness in several cancer types, including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia.

A Modified Technique Using Levator Aponeurosis-Müller Muscle-Reinforced Plication for Blepharoptosis Correction.

Background: Blepharoptosis is a common and challenging clinical problem for oculoplastic surgeons, and various surgical techniques have been used to correct ptosis. The aims of this study were to present the clinical results of a modified technique using levator aponeurosis-Müller muscle-reinforced plication for blepharoptosis correction and to demonstrate its advantages over conventional advancement or plication methods.

Methods: This study was conducted in the Plastic Surgery Department of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital between April 2017 and September 2018.

pharmacogenetic-guided SERM could be a cost-effective strategy in Chinese patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

To assess the cost-effectiveness of genetic testing for the management of Chinese women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer treated with selective estrogen receptor modulator. A Markov model was developed to evaluate a total expected cost and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Robustness of the model was addressed in one-way analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.