Evidence for the acclimation of ecosystem photosynthesis to soil moisture.

Ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP) is the largest carbon flux between the atmosphere and biosphere and is strongly influenced by soil moisture. However, the response and acclimation of GPP to soil moisture remain poorly understood, leading to large uncertainties in characterizing the impact of soil moisture on GPP in Earth system models. Here we analyze the GPP-soil moisture response curves at 143 sites from the global FLUXNET.

[Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Triglyceride Glucose-Obesity Composite Indices and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease].

Objective: To explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and TyG-obesity composite indices, including TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and to provide reference for the prevention of IHD.

Methods: The sample of this study was derived from the West China Elderly Preventive and Treatment Merging Cohort, from which 9628 elderly individuals from the retrospective cohort were selected. Cox regression models were used to analyze the association between TyG-related indices and the risk of IHD.

Enhancing thermal transport of epoxy composites with vertically aligned graphene grown on the thermal interface.

The escalating demands for miniaturization, integration, and portability in electronic devices have underscored the criticality of efficient heat dissipation. The utilization of high-performance thermal interface materials (TIMs) to fill the gaps between contacting surfaces holds significant potential for enhancing heat transfer efficiency. Herein, we successfully enhance the thermal properties of the epoxy composite TIM by integrating grown vertically aligned graphene on the metal surface using radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD).

Unusual Cross-Conjugation in Cyclic Dipeptide-Based Building Blocks for Donor-Acceptor Semiconducting Conjugated Polymers.

Cross conjugation, though prevalent in many organic compounds, is typically considered less effective for electron delocalization compared to linear conjugation. Consequently, it is rarely used as the backbone structure for semiconducting conjugated polymers. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel building block, TIDP, which features a central cyclic dipeptide with cross conjugation characteristics.

Association of complete blood count parameters with the risk of incident pulmonary heart disease in pneumoconiosis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Pneumoconiosis mostly combines pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, among which pulmonary heart disease (PHD) is of major concern due to its significant impact on the survival of pneumoconiosis patients. White cell count (WCC), red cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet parameters are thought to affect inflammatory responses and may be predictors of various cardiovascular diseases. However, very few studies have focused on PHD.

Moderating effect of a sodium-rich diet on the association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and blood lipids in children and adolescents.

Background: Several studies reported that exposure to higher levels of fine particulate matter (PM) was associated with deteriorated lipid profiles in children and adolescents. However, whether a sodium-rich diet could modify the associations remains unknown. We aimed to examine the associations of long-term exposure to PM with blood lipids in children and adolescents, and further examine the effect modification by dietary and urinary sodium levels based on a multi-community population in China.

Nitrogen deposition differentially regulates the sensitivity of gross primary productivity to extreme drought versus wetness.

Global hydroclimatic variability is increasing with more frequent extreme dry and wet years, severely destabilizing terrestrial ecosystem productivity. However, what regulates the consequence of precipitation extremes on productivity remains unclear. Based on a 9-year field manipulation experiment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we found that the responses of gross primary productivity (GPP) to extreme drought and wetness were differentially regulated by nitrogen (N) deposition.

Aridity threshold for alpine soil nitrogen isotope signature and ecosystem nitrogen cycling.

Determination of tipping points in nitrogen (N) isotope (δN) natural abundance, especially soil δN, with increasing aridity, is critical for estimating N-cycling dynamics and N limitation in terrestrial ecosystems. However, whether there are linear or nonlinear responses of soil δN to increases in aridity and if these responses correspond well with soil N cycling remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated soil δN and soil N-cycling characteristics in both topsoil and subsoil layers along a drought gradient across a 3000-km transect of drylands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

A prospective cohort study of exposure to household pesticide with cardiovascular diseases mortality in older adults.

Objectives: We examined the associations of self-reported exposures, and urinary metabolites related to household pesticide with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in older adults based on the 2007 to 2014 waves of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods: Information on application and urinary metabolites related to household pesticide exposure were collected. We estimated the risks of household pesticide exposure, urinary metabolites with subsequent incident CVD death using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

[Analysis of Risk Factors of Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease in Patients With Pneumoconiosis].

Objective: To explore the risk factors for developing chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis.

Methods: The medical records of pneumoconiosis patients admitted to an occupational disease hospital in Sichuan Province between January 2012 and November 2021 were collected. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method, or product-limit method, was used to plot the incidence curves of pulmonary heart disease in the pneumoconiosis patients.

Social support and cognitive activity and their associations with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively normal older adults.

Objectives: To explore the associations of social support, and cognitive activity with cognitive impairment incidence, and further examine the mediation effect of cognitive activity on the association between social support and cognitive impairment incidence based on a nationwide elderly Chinese cohort.

Methods: We collected the participants from an ongoing cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 9394 older adults aged 65 or more years and free of cognitive impairment who participated in the CLHLS between 2008 and 2018 were included.

Regional background ozone estimation for China through data fusion of observation and simulation.

Regional background ozone (O_) is an important component of surface ozone (O). However, due to the uncertainties in commonly used Chemical Transport Models (CTMs) and statistical models, accurately assessing O_ in China is challenging. In this study, we calculated the O_ concentrations with the CTM - Brute Force Method (BFM) and constrained the results with site observations of O with the multiple linear regression (MLR) model.

Observational and genetic analyses of the bidirectional relationship between depression and hypertension.

Background: While the association between depression and hypertension has been extensively investigated, the pattern and nature of such association remain inconclusive. We sought to investigate the bidirectional relationship between depression and hypertension and its causal.

Methods: We first performed observational analyses using longitudinal data from the UK Biobank.

Short-term ambient ozone exposure increases the risk of hospitalization with depression: a multi-city time-stratified case-crossover study.

Background: Depression, the most common mental illness worldwide, has been studied and air pollution has been found to increase the risk of depression hospitalization, but research results on ozone (O) remain limited. In this context, we investigated the relationship between short-term O exposure and depression-related hospital admissions (HAs).

Methods: The 10,459 records of HAs for depression from medical institutions across in 9 cities, China, were collected between 1 January 2017, and 31 December 2018.

Air pollution exposure and plasma fatty acid profile in pregnant women: a cohort study.

Air pollution exposure was known to result in body impairments by inducing inflammation and oxidation. But little is known about the associations of air pollutants with plasma fatty acid profile which may play important roles in the impairment of air pollutants based on the related mechanism, especially in pregnant women. This study aimed to explore the relationships of air pollution exposure with plasma fatty acid profile and the potential effect modification by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Effect of membrane thermal conductivity on ion current rectification in conical nanochannels under asymmetric temperature.

Nowadays, there have been extensively theoretical studies on the phenomenon of ion current rectification (ICR) induced by the asymmetric electrical double layer (EDL). As a key factor influencing the behavior of ion transport, temperature is given high priority by researchers. The thermal conductivity of the material commonly employed to prepare nanopores is 2-3 times higher than that of liquid solutions, which may affect ion transport within the nanochannel.

Data-driven modeling on the global annual soil nitrous oxide emissions: Spatial pattern and attributes.

Previous assessments generated divergent estimates of global terrestrial soil nitrous oxide (NO) emission and its spatial distributions, which did not match the observed data well. The objectives of this study were to generate a global map of terrestrial soil NO emissions based on field observations (n = 5549) and quantify the contribution of different variables for predicting the global variation of NO emissions. We provided spatially explicit maps of annual soil NO emission rates across forest, grassland and cropland using the random forest approach.

Associations between changes of smartphone pedometer-assessed step counts and levels of obesity-related breast cancer biomarkers in non-cancer women: A population-based observational study.

While a higher level of physical activity (PA) is inversely associated with a higher breast cancer (BC) risk, the health benefits of daily steps on obesity-related BC biomarkers remain unclear. We aimed to understand the associations of changes in step counts with levels of five obesity-related BC biomarkers during a two-year follow-up. In total, 144 non-cancer women (47.

Increases in BMI contribute to worsening inflammatory biomarkers related to breast cancer risk in women: a longitudinal study.

Background: Inflammatory adipokines and cytokines play a pivotal role in linking obesity and breast cancer (BC) risk in women. We investigated the longitudinal associations between BMI change and trajectories of inflammatory biomarkers related to BC risk.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted among 442 Chinese women with 3-year repeated measures from 2019 to 2021.

Temporal relationship between sleep duration and obesity among Chinese Han people and ethnic minorities.

Background: No studies have assessed the association between sleep duration and obesity in Chinese ethnic minorities. Whether the relationship between sleep duration and obesity is different between Chinese Han people and Chinese ethnic minorities remains unclear. The study aimed to explore the relationship between sleep duration and obesity among Chinese Han people and Chinese ethnic minorities.

Differences between VOCs and NOx transport contributions, their impacts on O, and implications for O pollution mitigation based on CMAQ simulation over the Yangtze River Delta, China.

The relationship between O and its precursors during urban polluted episodes remains unclear. In this study, the simultaneous source apportionment of VOCs, NO, and O over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region during the O polluted episode on July 24-30, 2018, was performed based on the Integrated Source Apportionment Method (ISAM) embedded in the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ). The results of the ISAM were compared with those of the Brute Force Method (BFM) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF).

Global distributions of foliar nitrogen and phosphorus resorption in forest ecosystems.

Nutrient resorption is an important mechanism for nutrient conservation and can maintain ecosystem stoichiometry. Here, we examined the global-scale variation of nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE) and phosphorus resorption efficiency (PRE) by analyzing observations from 218 published papers. We used Pagel's λ to test the phylogenetic limitation on NRE and PRE and applied the random forest model to assess biotic and abiotic drivers, which included climate, soil, species characteristics, and topographical factors, and predicted the global NRE and PRE distributions.

Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variations of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes and Their Determinants in an Alpine Meadow.

The alpine meadow is one of the most important ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) due to its huge carbon storage and wide distribution. Evaluating the carbon fluxes in alpine meadow ecosystems is crucial to understand the dynamics of carbon storage in high-altitude areas. Here, we investigated the carbon fluxes at seasonal and inter-annual timescales based on 5 years of observations of eddy covariance fluxes in the Zoige alpine meadow on the eastern Tibetan Plateau.