Bortezomib enhances the efficacy of BCMA CAR-T therapy through up-regulating BCMA expression in myeloma cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy targeting B cell mature antigen (BCMA) has shown remarkable clinical benefits in treating multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor approved as a first-line agent for MM for two decades, has demonstrated potent antitumor activity. In this study, we found that bortezomib treatment stabilizes the expression of BCMA and conceived the hypothesis that BCMA CAR-T therapy combined with bortezomib would enhance the anti-MM efficacy.

The interconnective role of the UPS and autophagy in the quality control of cancer mitochondria.

Uncontrollable cancer cell growth is characterized by the maintenance of cellular homeostasis through the continuous accumulation of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. This review delineates the roles of two complementary and synergistic degradation systems, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome system, in the degradation of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles for intracellular recycling. We emphasize the interconnected decision-making processes of degradation systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis, such as the biophysical state of substrates, receptor oligomerization potentials (e.

Decay kinetics of human-associated pathogens in the marine microcosms reveals their new dynamics and potential indicators in the coastal waters of northern China.

Pathogens in coastal waters cause infectious diseases and endanger public sanitation safety in humans and animals worldwide. To avoid these risks, timely detection of human-associated pathogens in waters is crucial. In this study, the decay kinetics of the molecular markers for human-associated pathogens, including enteric bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Bacteroides), non-enteric bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), crAssphage, and polyomavirus, were monitored over time at different temperatures and background microbes in seawater microcosms.

Effects of Starve and Shelter Availability on the Group Behavior of Two Freshwater Fish Species ( and ).

In complex environments, fish often suffer from reduced physiological functioning due to starvation, which may have a significant effect on their behavioral adaptive strategies to predator attacks. We selected qingbo (, which prefers flowing water habitats) and demasone cichlid (, which prefers still water habitats), to investigate the differences in group distribution and dynamics between the two species when faced with a simulated predation attack under different trophic states (fasted for 2 weeks or fed). We chose to conduct our experiments in a six-arm maze that included a central area and six arms of equal length and width and to obtain evidence of how the fish used the various areas of the maze to respond to simulated predation attacks.

A Novel Hand-held Multi-color Magnetic Particle Imaging Device based on Rapid Frequency Conversion.

Objective: Multi-color Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) technology offers high sensitivity and non-invasive imaging capabilities. It can simultaneously image multiple superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs), facilitating more precise detection of multiple molecular markers in vivo. However, the fixed drive frequency of existing hand-held MPI devices makes it difficult to fully match the nonlinear magnetic response of different SPIOs, affecting the spatial resolution and quantitative accuracy of multi-color imaging.

Oxygen levels differentially attenuate the structure and diversity of microbial communities in the oceanic oxygen minimal zones.

Global change mediated shifts in ocean temperature and circulation patterns, compounded by human activities, are leading to the expansion of marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) with concomitant alterations in nutrient and climate-active trace gas cycling. While many studies have reported distinct bacterial communities within OMZs, much of this research compares across depths rather with oxygen status and does not include eukayrotic microbes. Here, we investigated the Bay of Bengal (BoB) OMZ, where low oxygen conditions are persistent, but trace levels of oxygen remain (< 20 μM from 200 to 500 m).

Selective directional liquid transport on shoot surfaces of .

Directional liquid transport has been widely observed in various species including cacti, spiders, lizards, the pitcher plant , and leaves. However, in all these examples the liquid transport for a specific liquid is completely restricted in a fixed direction. We demonstrate that shoot surfaces have the ability to transport a specific liquid unidirectionally in either direction.

Targeted gene delivery systems for T-cell engineering.

T lymphocytes are indispensable for the host systems of defense against pathogens, tumors, and environmental threats. The therapeutic potential of harnessing the cytotoxic properties of T lymphocytes for antigen-specific cell elimination is both evident and efficacious. Genetically engineered T-cells, such as those employed in CAR-T and TCR-T cell therapies, have demonstrated significant clinical benefits in treating cancer and autoimmune disorders.

Space-Specific Mixing Excitation for High-SNR Spatial Encoding in Magnetic Particle Imaging.

Objective: Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a radiation-free tracer-based imaging technology that visualizes the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Conventional spatial encoding methods in MPI rely on a gradient magnetic field with a constant gradient strength to generate a field-free point or line for spatial scanning. However, increasing the gradient strength can enhance theoretical spatial resolution but also lead to a decrease in the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and sensitivity of the imaging system.

The predictive value of serum F-actin on the severity and early neurological deterioration of acute ischemic stroke: Predictive value of F-actin in stroke.

Background: F-actin is involved in the progression of ischemic stroke and is associated with the disruption of the blood-brain barrier. In this article, we evaluated serum F-actin as a biomarker in stroke severity and early neurological deterioration (END) in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this study, serum F-actin was measured in consecutively collected 140 AIS patients and 144 healthy controls matched in gender and age by ELISA.

Machine learning-based nomogram to predict poor response to overnight orthokeratology in Chinese myopic children: A multicentre, retrospective study.

Purpose: To develop and validate an effective nomogram for predicting poor response to orthokeratology.

Methods: Myopic children (aged 8-15 years) treated with orthokeratology between February 2018 and January 2022 were screened in four hospitals of different tiers (i.e.

Optimization of Torque-Control Model for Quasi-Direct-Drive Knee Exoskeleton Robots Based on Regression Forecasting.

The choice of torque curve in lower-limb enhanced exoskeleton robots is a key problem in the control of lower-limb exoskeleton robots. As a human-machine coupled system, mapping from sensor data to joint torque is complex and non-linear, making it difficult to accurately model using mathematical tools. In this research study, the knee torque data of an exoskeleton robot climbing up stairs were obtained using an optical motion-capture system and three-dimensional force-measuring tables, and the inertial measurement unit (IMU) data of the lower limbs of the exoskeleton robot were simultaneously collected.

Ca -sensor ALG-2 engages ESCRTs to enhance lysosomal membrane resilience to osmotic stress.

Unlabelled: Lysosomes are central players in cellular catabolism, signaling, and metabolic regulation. Cellular and environmental stresses that damage lysosomal membranes can compromise their function and release toxic content into the cytoplasm. Here, we examine how cells respond to osmotic stress within lysosomes.

Single-nucleus multi-omic profiling of human placental syncytiotrophoblasts identifies cellular trajectories during pregnancy.

The human placenta has a vital role in ensuring a successful pregnancy. Despite the growing body of knowledge about its cellular compositions and functions, there has been limited research on the heterogeneity of the billions of nuclei within the syncytiotrophoblast (STB), a multinucleated entity primarily responsible for placental function. Here we conducted integrated single-nucleus RNA sequencing and single-nucleus ATAC sequencing analyses of human placentas from early and late pregnancy.

Multivalent Fluorinated Nanorings for On-Cell F NMR.

The design of imaging agents with a high fluorine content is necessary for overcoming the challenges of low sensitivity in F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based molecular imaging. Chemically self-assembled nanorings (CSANs) provide a strategy to increase the fluorine content through multivalent display. We previously reported an F NMR-based imaging tracer, in which case a CSAN-compatible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting protein E-dimeric dihydrofolate (E-DD) was bioconjugated to a highly fluorinated peptide.

Continuous production of bimetallic nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes based on 3D-printed microfluidics.

Nanoparticle-functionalized carbon nanotubes are promising in many research fields, especially in sensing, due to their intriguing performance in catalysis. However, these nanomaterials are mainly produced through batch processes under harsh conditions, thus encountering inherent limitations of low throughput and uncontrollable morphology of functional nanoparticles (NPs). In this work, we propose a method for high-yield and continuous production of bimetallic (Pt-Pd) NPs on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at room temperature through a custom 3D-printed microfluidic platform.

Humanized mouse models: A valuable platform for preclinical evaluation of human cancer.

Animal models are routinely employed to assess the treatments for human cancer. However, due to significant differences in genetic backgrounds, traditional animal models are unable to meet bioresearch needs. To overcome this restriction, researchers have generated and optimized immunodeficient mice, and then engrafted human genes, cells, tissues, or organs in mice so that the responses in the model mice could provide a more reliable reference for treatments.

Polyarylisocyanides Derived from an Alkyne-Pd(II) Catalyst as Robust Alignment Media with Excellent Enantiodiscimination.

The development of chiral alignment media for measuring anisotropic NMR parameters provides an opportunity to determine the absolute configuration of chiral molecules without the need for derivatization. However, chiral alignment media with a high and robust enantiodiscriminating property for a wide range of chiral molecules are still scarce. In this study, we synthesized cholesterol-end-functionalized helical polyisocyanides from a chiral monomer using a cholesterol-based alkyne-Pd(II) initiator.

Fast System Matrix Generation Based on Single Angle Calibration in Open-Sided Field Free Line Magnetic Particle Imaging.

Objective: Open-sided field-free line magnetic particle imaging (OS FFL MPI) is a novel medical imaging system configuration that has received significant attention in recent years. However, the measurement-based system matrix (SM) image reconstruction for OS FFL MPI typically requires multiple angle calibration (MAC), which is time-consuming in practice.

Methods: To address this issue, we propose a fast 2D SM generation method that requires only a single angle calibration (SAC).

Types of peripherally inserted central catheters and the risk of unplanned removals in patients: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters are widely used in clinical practice. Despite the many advantages of peripherally inserted central catheters, unplanned removals can occur owing to irreversible complications and may have adverse consequences for patients. However, the relationship between peripherally inserted central catheter type and the incidence of unplanned removal is unclear.