Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

Cu/Pd-Catalyzed Domino Carbonylative Synthesis of Polycyclic Carbonyl-Containing Quinolin-2(1)-one Scaffolds from α-Bromocarbonyls.

A novel Cu/Pd-catalyzed domino radical cyclization and C-H carbonylation of α-bromocarbonyls has been developed, which enables the rapid incorporation of CO unit into polycyclic quinolin-2(1)-one scaffolds. By using Mo(CO) as the CO source, the reaction proceeded smoothly to furnish various polycyclic carbonyl-containing quinolin-2(1)-one derivatives in high yields. Notably, this method could be used in the late-stage modification of biologically active molecules such as estrone.

A broadband hyperspectral image sensor with high spatio-temporal resolution.

Hyperspectral imaging provides high-dimensional spatial-temporal-spectral information showing intrinsic matter characteristics. Here we report an on-chip computational hyperspectral imaging framework with high spatial and temporal resolution. By integrating different broadband modulation materials on the image sensor chip, the target spectral information is non-uniformly and intrinsically coupled to each pixel with high light throughput.

SpectraTrack: megapixel, hundred-fps, and thousand-channel hyperspectral imaging.

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) finds broad applications in various fields due to its substantial optical signatures for the intrinsic identification of physical and chemical characteristics. However, it faces the inherent challenge of balancing spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution due to limited bandwidth. Here we present SpectraTrack, a computational HSI scheme that simultaneously achieves high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution in the visible-to-near-infrared (VIS-NIR) spectral range.

Occurrences, source apportionment, and potential risks of 55 progestins in surface water of the Yellow River Delta, China.

Progestins (PGs) are a group of emerging contaminants with endocrine disrupting effects. Despite their large amounts of use and excretion, investigations have been limited to several compounds in the aqueous phase, and the occurrences and distribution of numerous PGs in different matrices remain unclear. In this study, water, suspended particulate matter and sediment samples from rivers in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), China were investigated over two seasons to elucidate the occurrences, sources, and ecological risks of 55 natural and synthetic PGs.

Sugar/sugar alcohol with glycerol as co-plasticizers for high-content starch/PBAT blown films: from fine structure to physicochemical properties.

Background: Glycerol is a well-known plasticizer for starch-based materials, but it easily migrates during starch retrogradation, thereby deteriorating the films' properties. We hypothesized that the performance of high-content starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) films could be enhanced by using sugar/sugar alcohol (glucose, sucrose and sorbitol) as natural, green and edible co-plasticizers with glycerol.

Results: The employment of co-plasticizers reduced the melt fluidity of the blends, established intermolecular hydrogen bonds with starch and resulted in a brittle film structure.

Cu/Pd-Catalyzed Tandem Carbonylative Synthesis of Ester-Containing 3,4-Dihydroquinolin-2(1)-one Derivatives from Alkyne-Tethered α-Bromocarbonyls.

A Cu/Pd-catalyzed tandem radical cyclization and carbonylation of alkyne-tethered α-bromocarbonyls with phenols has been developed for the expedited construction of ester-containing 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1)-one scaffolds. By employing benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate (TFBen) as the CO source, the reaction proceeded smoothly to afford a series of ester-containing 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1)-one derivatives in high yields. Moreover, this method could be utilized in the late-stage modifications of bioactive molecules.

Longitudinal cohort study highlights cancer-preventive benefits of lipid-lowering drugs.

Cancer prevention is a serious global challenge. We aimed to investigate the relationship between lipid-lowering drugs and cancers. We included participants based on the UK Biobank.

The efficacy and safety of Bazi Bushen Capsule in treating premature aging: A randomized, double blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: It is unclear whether traditional Chinese patent medicines can resist premature aging. This prospective study investigated the effects of Bazi Bushen Capsule (BZBS) which is a traditional Chinese patent medicine for tonifying the kidney essence on premature senility symptoms and quality of life, telomerase activity and telomere length.

Study Design And Methods: It was a parallel, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial.

An Atmospheric Water-Harvester with Ultrahigh Uptake-Release Efficiency at Low Humidity.

Atmospheric water harvesting is a practical strategy that is achieved by removing materials from air moisture to relieve global water scarcity. Here we design a water-harvester (i.e.

Hepatic selective insulin resistance at the intersection of insulin signaling and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major pathogenic factor in the progression of MASLD. In the liver, insulin suppresses gluconeogenesis and enhances de novo lipogenesis (DNL). During IR, there is a defect in insulin-mediated suppression of gluconeogenesis, but an unrestrained increase in hepatic lipogenesis persists.

Associations Between Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Pathological Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: The association between obesity, metabolic dysregulation, and the aggressive pathological traits of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) continues to be a contentious issue. To date, no investigations have examined the impact of metabolic status on the malignant pathological features of PTC in relation to obesity.

Methods: This research involved 855 adult patients with PTC from Shandong Provincial Hospital, classified into 4 groups based on metabolic and obesity status: metabolically healthy nonobese, metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUNO), metabolically healthy obese, and metabolically unhealthy obese.

Local Confinement Effects of Block Copolymers Driving Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles into Discrete Pancake-Shaped Superlattices.

The utilization of polymer conformations to construct a variety of superlattices is a common method within the field. However, this technique often results in only long-range ordering rather than the formation of distinct superlattices. In this study, a well-organized array of discrete pancake-shaped superlattices (DPSs) is successfully obtained through the utilization of air-liquid interface self-assembly, facilitated by the confined environment created by a block copolymer.