An Interior/Exterior Collaboration-Enhanced Intestinal Anastomosis (IECIA) for Multi-Tiered Leakage Complication Management.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a pervasive and risky postoperative complication that presently features inaccessible prevention, delayed diagnosis, and intractable remediation, resulting in distressing morbidity and mortality. Herein an interior/exterior collaboration-enhanced neoteric intestinal anastomosis (IECIA) is developed, which consists of an interior hydrogel-based protective barrier adhering to mucosa, and exterior synergistic leakage-prevention safeguard sutured to serosa, for multi-tiered leakage complication management. Noticeably, the hydrogel barrier protects anastomosis stoma against injurious stimulation from digestive liquid, consequently reducing leakage risk effectively and comfortably in place of painful gastric tube insertion.

Taraxasterol regulates p53 transcriptional activity to inhibit pancreatic cancer by inducing MDM2 ubiquitination degradation.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor with complex development mechanisms and a poor prognosis. Taraxasterol (TAX), a pentacyclic triterpenoid plant sterol derived from Taraxacum mongolicum, has multiple biological activities including an anti-tumor effect. However, the mechanism by which TAX exerts its anticancer effects in PC remains unclear.

Integrative multi-omics reveals the mechanism of ulcerative colitis treated with Ma-Mu-Ran antidiarrheal capsules.

Rationale: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease typically coexisting with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and an inflammatory response. Although its underlying mechanism of action is unclear, Ma-Mu-Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules (MMRAC) have demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy for UC.

Methods: The mechanism of action of MMRAC in the treatment of UC model was investigated by combining metabolomics, transcriptomics, and intestinal microbiota detection techniques.

Design of a nanozyme-based magnetic nanoplatform to enhance photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy.

The tumor microenvironment, particularly the hypoxic property and glutathione (GSH) overexpression, substantially inhibits the efficacy of cancer therapy. In this article, we present the design of a magnetic nanoplatform (MNPT) comprised of a photosensitizer (Ce6) and an iron oxide (FeO)/manganese oxide (MnO) composite nanozyme. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen (O) radicals produced by light irradiation and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) produced by catalysis, are therapeutic species.

Federated Motor Imagery Classification for Privacy-Preserving Brain-Computer Interfaces.

Training an accurate classifier for EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) requires EEG data from a large number of users, whereas protecting their data privacy is a critical consideration. Federated learning (FL) is a promising solution to this challenge. This paper proposes Federated classification with local Batch-specific batch normalization and Sharpness-aware minimization (FedBS) for privacy protection in EEG-based motor imagery (MI) classification.

13-Methylpalmatine improves myocardial infarction injury by inhibiting CHOP-mediated cross-talk between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitochondrial Ca overload have been involved in apoptotic cardiomyocyte death during MI. 13-Methylpalmatine (13-Me-PLT) is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis and has not been systematically studied for their potential pharmacological effects in cardiovascular diseases. We conducted the present study to elucidate whether 13-Me-PLT modulates MI pathology in animal MI and cellular hypoxic models, employing state-of-the-art molecular techniques.

Physicochemical, structural and functional properties of pomelo peel pectin extracted by combination of pulsed electric field and cellulase hydrolysis.

In this study, pectin extracted from pomelo peel was investigated using three different combination methods of pulsed electric field (PEF) and cellulase. Three action sequences were performed, including PEF treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis followed by PEF treatment, and enzymatic hydrolysis simultaneously treated by PEF. The three corresponding pectins were namely PEP, EPP and SP.

Chemotherapy-induced high expression of IL23A enhances efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in TNBC by co-activating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway of CTLs.

Treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a great challenge in clinical practice. The immune checkpoints are a category of immunosuppressive molecules that cancer could hijack and impede anti-tumor immunity. Targeting immune checkpoints, such as anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) therapy, is a promising therapeutic strategy in TNBC.

Channel reflection: Knowledge-driven data augmentation for EEG-based brain-computer interfaces.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the human brain and external devices. Electroencephalography (EEG) based BCIs are currently the most popular for able-bodied users. To increase user-friendliness, usually a small amount of user-specific EEG data are used for calibration, which may not be enough to develop a pure data-driven decoding model.

Astragalus polysaccharide ameliorates CD8 T cell dysfunction through STAT3/Gal-3/LAG3 pathway in inflammation-induced colorectal cancer.

Chronic inflammation can promote cancer development as observed in inflammation-induced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the poor treatment outcomes emphasize the need for effective treatment. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a vital component of the natural drug Astragalus, has anti-tumor effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and enhancing immune function.

The FOXO1/G6PC axis promotes gastric cancer progression and mediates 5-fluorouracil resistance by targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy of the digestive system. Distant metastasis and chemotherapy resistance are the crucial obstacles to prognosis in GC. Recent research has discovered that the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC) plays an important role in tumor malignant development.

Gut microbiota-derived 12-ketolithocholic acid suppresses the IL-17A secretion from colonic group 3 innate lymphoid cells to prevent the acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis.

Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disruption are well-known as the primary triggers of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, their role in regulating the group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which are essential for intestinal health, remains unexplored during the development of disease severity. Here, our results showed that the microbiota structure of patients with severe UC (SUCs) differed from those with mild UC (MiUCs), moderate UC (MoUCs), and healthy controls (HCs).

Electroacupuncture alleviates neurological function via activating the Yap-OPA1 axis and mitochondrial fusion in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objectives: To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) in alleviating cerebral ische-mia injury by activating the Yap-OPA1 signaling axis.

Methods: A total of 48 male SD rats were used in the present study. The focal CIRI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and reperfusion (MCAO/R), followed by dividing the CIRI rats into model group, EA group and EA+Ver (Verteporfin, Yap antagonist) group (=12 in each group).

Preparation of acid-driven magnetically imprinted micromotors and selective loading of phycocyanin.

Phycocyanin, a macromolecular protein known for its robust fluorescence, proves to be highly suitable for verifying the successful deposition of imprinted layers. In this study, an acid-propelled magnetic micromotor was successfully fabricated by utilizing surface imprinting and self-propelled nanomotor technology to achieve selective loading and capture of targets such as phycocyanin for future applications in environmental monitoring and precision drug delivery . This micromotor features a distinct recognition layer achieved through a template electrodeposition method.

Sonodynamic Therapy of NRP2 Monoclonal Antibody-Guided MOFs@COF Targeted Disruption of Mitochondrial and Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis to Induce Autophagy-Dependent Ferroptosis.

The lethality and chemotherapy resistance of pancreatic cancer necessitates the urgent development of innovative strategies to improve patient outcomes. To address this issue, we designed a novel drug delivery system named GDMCN2,which uses iron-based metal organic framework (Fe-MOF) nanocages encased in a covalent organic framework (COF) and modified with the pancreatic cancer-specific antibody, NRP2. After being targeted into tumor cells, GDMCN2 gradually release the sonosensitizer sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) and chemotherapeutic gemcitabine (GEM) and simultaneously generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound (US) irradiation.

A High-Quality Nomogram for Predicting Lung Metastasis in Newly Diagnosed Stage IV Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Study.

Lung metastasis (LM) implies a very dismal event in patients with thyroid cancer. We aimed to construct a nomogram to predict LM for newly diagnosed stage IV thyroid cancer. A total of 1407 stage IV thyroid cancer patients were gathered from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database.

Current State of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Traumatic Brain Injury Prognostication.

Advanced imaging techniques are needed to assist in providing a prognosis for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly mild TBI (mTBI). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is one promising advanced imaging technique, but has shown variable results in patients with TBI and is not without limitations, especially when considering individual patients. Efforts to resolve these limitations are being explored and include developing advanced diffusion techniques, creating a normative database, improving study design, and testing machine learning algorithms.

[Electroacupuncture alleviates cerebral ischemia injury in rats by regulating melatonin-NLRP3 and inhibiting pyroptosis].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture in alleviating cerebral ischemia injury in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats by regulating melatonin - NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) mediated pyroptosis.

Methods: A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, electroacupuncture (EA) group and EA +Luz group, with 12 rats in each group. The focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by middle cerebral artery embolization.

An effective tool for predicting survival in breast cancer patients with lung metastasis: Nomograms constructed based on SEER.

Background & Objectives: An effective tool for forecasting the survival of BCLM is lacking. This study aims to construct nomograms to predict overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in breast cancer patients with lung metastasis, and to help clinicians develop appropriate treatment regimens for breast cancer lung metastasis (BCLM) individuals.

Methods: We gathered clinical data of 2,537 patients with BCLM between 2010 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Monoclonal Antibody-Guided Tumor-Targeted Hollow Virus-Like Cerium Oxide with Oxygen Self-Supply for Intensifying Photodynamic Therapy.

The hypoxic character of tumors and the poor targeting ability of photosensitizers often limit the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In recent years, the discovery of metal nanoenzymes and nanocarriers has improved PDT. Thereby, to improve the effective utilization of photosensitizers and oxygen (O ) in tumors, herein, a nanosystem (LS-HB@HvCeO -NRP1 mAb, LHCN1) is reported, in which a hollow virus-like cerium oxide (HvCeO ) is surface-decorated with tumor-targeting neuropilin-1 monoclonal antibody (NRP1 mAb), and loaded with a photosensitizer (chlorin e6-C-15-ethyl ester, LS-HB).

A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the effectiveness of sclerotherapy for venous malformation.

Objective: Sclerotherapy for venous malformation has been widely used; however, no guidelines are available to assess the effectiveness of different sclerotherapy agents. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of sclerotherapy agents for venous malformations.

Methods: Three electronic databases were searched from their inception (1950) to April 29, 2021.

Genetic Knockout of TRPM2 Increases Neuronal Excitability of Hippocampal Neurons by Inhibiting Kv7 Channel in Epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease that makes serious cognitive and motor retardation. Ion channels affect the occurrence of epilepsy in various ways, but the mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Transient receptor potential melastain2 (TRPM2) ion channel is a non-selective cationic channel that can permeate Ca and critical for epilepsy.

IL-17A aggravates asthma-induced intestinal immune injury by promoting neutrophil trafficking.

With the concept of the gut-lung axis reinforced in recent years, emerging evidence has shown that intestinal homeostasis is vital for lung health. Nevertheless, the impacts of lung homeostasis on intestinal tracts and their mechanism are rarely studied. Our results showed that papain-induced asthmatic mice exhibited apparent colonic injuries compared with controls, including increased intestinal permeability, neutrophil and Th17 infiltration in the colonic lamina propria.

Mitochondrial DNA variant spectrum and the association with chronic tic disorders.

Background And Purpose: Tic disorders (TDs) are childhood onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by single or multiple sudden, rapid, recurrent, and motor tics and/or vocal tics. Several nuclear genes that are involved in mitochondrial functions suggest a potential role of mitochondria in TDs.

Methods: To evaluate the association of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants with TDs, we screened the whole mitochondrial genomes in 493 TD patients and 109 age- and sex-matched healthy controls using next generation sequencing technology.