Effect of co-fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the structural, physicochemical, and digestibility properties of lotus starch.

Background: Microbial fermentation is regarded as the best bioimprovement technique for changing the physicochemical characteristics and structural makeup of carbohydrates. In the present study, lotus root starch (LRS) was co-fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. The effects of single- and mixed-strain fermentation on the structure, physicochemical properties and digestibility of starch were investigated at different fermentation times.

Advancements in fluorescent labeling in assessing the probiotic adhesion capacity - A review.

Adhesion capacity of probiotics is closely related to their intestinal-protective effects. The conventional techniques used to evaluate probiotic adhesion capacity have limitations in terms of imaging resolution and quantitative analysis. Fluorescent labelling technology has shown immense potential in recent years owing to its high specificity and sensitivity for resolving probiotic adhesion mechanisms.

Impact of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Physicochemical Characteristics, Functional Properties, Structure, and Bioactivities of Protein.

This study aimed to explore the influence of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment on the structure, functional characteristics, and bioactivities of protein. The results showed that HHP induced dissociation of protein, exposing hydrophobic groups and reducing particle size, which in turn reduced turbidity. Additionally, 600 MPa treatment significantly reduced the foaming stability and emulsifying activity of protein.

Dydrogesterone alleviates periodontitis in perimenopausal women undergoing periodontal therapy by decreasing inflammation and mediating oral microbiota.

Objective: Dydrogesterone (DG), a synthetic isomer of progesterone, plays a potential regulatory role in the periodontal environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of DG on periodontitis under periodontal therapy (PT) and the underlying mechanisms related to oral microbiota.

Methods: As a cohort study, perimenopausal women with periodontitis and abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction were screened.

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure processing on the physicochemical properties, functional characteristics, and antioxidant activity of silkworm pupae protein.

With the rising demand for sustainable proteins, edible insects such as silkworm pupae are gaining recognition for their high-quality protein and essential nutrients. Advanced technologies like high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing have the potential to enhance the functional properties of insect proteins. This study investigated the application of HHP to silkworm pupa protein, focusing on its effects on physicochemical properties, functional characteristics, and bioactivity.

TERT-TP53 mutations: a novel biomarker pair for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and prognosis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver cancer, and ranks among the most lethal malignancies globally, primarily due to its high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Despite the urgency, no reliable biomarkers currently exist for predicting tumor recurrence in HCC. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations (TERTpm) and cellular tumor antigen p53 mutations (TP53m) have been frequently documented in HCC, but their combined clinical significance remains undefined.

Changes of digestive stability and potential allergenicity of high hydrostatic pressure-treated ovalbumin during in vitro digestion.

Food allergens are defined by their stability during digestion, with allergenicity largely influenced by resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis. Ovalbumin (OVA), a major egg protein, is a significant contributor to food allergies, particularly in children. Our previous work demonstrated that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment reduces OVA allergenicity by disrupting conformational epitopes and altering its structure.

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the structural, physicochemical, and functional characteristics of buffalo milk casein.

This study applied high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment to buffalo milk casein to assess the influence of different pressure levels on its structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, and functional properties. The results showed that although HHP had no marked impact on the zeta potential and secondary structure, it altered the protein's spatial structure (primarily its tertiary structure), and improved dispersion properties (such as particle size, solubility, and turbidity), as well as foaming properties. Additionally, HHP improved the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.

Acne vulgaris: advances in pathogenesis and prevention strategies.

Purpose: The aim is to encourage the creation of innovative prevention and treatment measures and to help readers in selecting the most effective ones.

Background: Acne vulgaris is the most prevalent skin condition of adolescents, affecting approximately 9% of the global population. Patients become more prone to mental and psychological problems because of it.

Quality Characteristics and Flavor Analysis of Five Mulberry Varieties.

For a deeper understanding of the characteristics exhibited by several novel mulberry varieties, the quality attributes and flavor components of five mulberry varieties (Zhongsang 5801, 2000-3, Jialing 40, Yuesang 10, and White Shahtoot Mulberry) were analyzed and compared. Zhongsang 5801 displayed the highest total phenol and flavone levels. Fructose and glucose were the primary sugars identified in the mulberries, with 2000-3 exhibiting the highest fructose content (39.

Jujube Syrup and Starter YF-L922 Co-Fermentation of Yak Yogurt: Effects of Quality Properties, Antioxidative Activities and Structure.

Different percentages of jujube yrup (0%, 3%, 6% and 9%) were incorporated into yak milk and fermented using the fermenting agent . The quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of the resulting yogurt were evaluated at days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The results indicated that the pH and acidity of the yogurt were not significantly influenced by the varying additions of jujube syrup during storage ( > 0.

Application of edible insects to food products: A review on the functionality, bioactivity and digestibility of insect proteins under high-pressure/ultrasound processing.

Edible insect products are recognized for their high-quality protein content and an array of essential nutrients, including minerals and fatty acids. As the demand for sustainable protein sources grows, insect-based foods are gaining attention as a viable solution to help address global food security. Emerging technologies including high-pressure processing (HPP) and ultrasound (US) have the potential to influence the key functional properties of insect proteins-such as solubility, gelling ability, foamability, and emulsifying capacity-making them more suitable for incorporation into various food products.

An update in recent research on nicotine contamination and nicotine-degrading microorganisms.

Nicotine is a toxic and addictive alkaloid found in tobacco and tobacco products that is harmful to human health and is an environmental pollutant. Nicotine-degrading microorganisms are unique microorganisms with the ability to use nicotine molecules as their sole source of nitrogen and carbon needed for growth. They are capable of degrading nicotine into less toxic or non-toxic metabolites.

Modifications in Protein Structure and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition of Yak Casein Induced by Protease Treatment.

Yak milk is abundant in casein, which can generate a variety of bioactive peptides through enzymatic hydrolysis. However, the influence of enzymatic hydrolysis on the structural properties of yak casein and its inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XOD) remain largely unexplored. This study demonstrated that when yak casein was subjected to treatment with flavourzyme, the degree of hydrolysis progressively increased over time, resulting in the fragmentation of the casein's flake-like structure into smaller particles.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of buffalo casein enhances DPP-4 inhibition: Structural modifications and bioactive peptide identification.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), the enzyme responsible for the rapid degradation of incretin hormones, plays a pivotal role in blood glucose regulation, and its inhibition serves as an effective strategy for maintaining glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the structure of buffalo casein and its DPP-4 inhibitory activity. Results demonstrated that Flavorzyme effectively hydrolyzed buffalo casein, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy and electrophoretic analysis, with the degree of hydrolysis reaching its maximum value (20.

Integrated microbiome and metabolome analysis reveals the key role of taurohyocholate in the treatment of hyperuricemia with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.05.0601.

The incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) is on the rise, posing a significant threat to human health. Several probiotics have shown potential in treating HUA; however, the critical role of intestinal metabolites in this therapy remains inadequately understood. Our study demonstrated that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.

Sequentially Activated Smart DNA Nanospheres for Photoimmunotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

Due to the inherent immunosuppression and immune evasion of cancer cells, combining photoimmunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade leverages phototherapy and immune enhancement, overcoming mutual limitations and demonstrating significant anticancer potential. The main challenges include nonspecific accumulation of agents, uncontrolled activation, and drug carrier safety. Smart DNA nanospheres (NS) is developed with targeted delivery and controllable release of photosensitizers and immune agents to achieve effective synergistic therapy and minimize side effects.

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in evaluating cerebral blood flow abnormalities in major depressive disorder.

Previous research has shown that blood flow abnormalities affect major depressive disorder (MDD) from multiple perspectives. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity parameters and clinical symptom scores (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD] and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]) in patients with MDD. We compared the MCA blood flow velocity parameters, including peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV), end-diastolic velocity (MCA-EDV), and mean velocity (MCA-MV), between 50 MDD patients and 50 control subjects.

Diversity and distribution of Mdace mutations involved in propoxur resistance in the house fly (Musca domestica L.) in China.

Background: The house fly is a public health pest due to its ability to transmit various pathogens worldwide. The suppression of house flies is frequently controlled by organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, but recurrent selection has led to the mutated target. To understand the spread and evolution of Mdace mutations in house flies, we sampled flies in eight different China provinces, sequenced, and then estimated the frequencies of mutations.

The potential of diallyl trisulfide for cancer prevention and treatment, with mechanism insights.

Cancer has become an important public health problem worldwide, and there is currently a lack of effective treatment and prevention strategies. Natural plant active ingredients have been proven to be a safe and highly promising method for preventing and treating cancer. It has been found that diallyl trisulfide have anticancer effects in multiple types of cancer via inhibiting cancer proliferation, enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity, inducing apoptosis/autophagy, suppressing invasion/migration, regulating microenvironment.

KY16 Improves Depression by Promoting Intestinal Secretion of 5-HTP and Altering the Gut Microbiota.

Increasing research suggests a connection between gut microbiota and depressive disorders. Targeted changes to the intestinal flora may contribute to alleviating anxiety and depression. This study aimed to identify probiotics that could attenuate stress-induced abnormal behavior and explore potential mechanisms.