The dynamic effects of nutritional status on chemotherapy-related toxicity in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Background/objectives: Understanding the dynamic changes in nutritional status of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) during chemotherapy is crucial, as it significantly impacts chemotherapy-related toxicity and survival outcomes.

Subjects/methods: This multi-center study included newly diagnosed NHL patients. Nutritional status and chemotherapy-related toxic effects were assessed over the first five chemotherapy sessions, with follow-ups conducted every 3 months.

A synthetic cyclic peptide for promoting antigen presentation and immune activation.

Cyclic peptides are often used as scaffolds for the multivalent presentation of drug molecules due to their structural stability and constrained conformation. We identified a cyclic deca-peptide incorporating lipoamino acids for delivering T helper and B cell epitopes against group A Streptococcus (GAS), eliciting robust humoral immune responses. In this study, we assessed the function-immunogenicity relationship of the multi-component vaccine candidate (referred to as VC-13) to elucidate a mechanism of action.

Exposure to Chinese famine in early life and the risk of multimorbidity in adulthood.

Objectives: Previous studies had reported the association between famine exposure in early life and subsequent non-communicable diseases risk. In current study, we aimed to evaluate the associations between famine exposure on multimorbidity prevalence and incidence in middle-aged and older Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 13,254 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 were included in cross-sectional analyses.

PRDX2 promotes gastric cancer progression by forming a feedback loop with PKM2/STAT3 axis.

Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is an antioxidant enzyme that has been reported to be overexpressed in various cancers. However, the role of PRDX2 in gastric cancer progression and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we revealed the function of PRDX2 in gastric cancer progression and explored its molecule mechanism.

Diagnostic value of dual-layer spectral detector CT parameters for differentiating high- from low-grade bladder cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of spectral parameters of dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLCT) in distinguishing between low- and high-grade bladder cancer (BCa).

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included pathologically confirmed BCa patients who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced DLCT. Patients were divided into low- and high-grade groups based on pathology.

Efficient and Robust Europium(III)-Based Hybrid Lanthanide Scintillators for Advanced X-Ray Imaging.

Scintillators that convert ionizing radiation into low-energy photons are essential for medical diagnostics and industrial inspections. Despite advances in X-ray scintillators, challenges remain in achieving high efficiency, environmental compatibility, stability, and flexibility. Here, we present experimental investigations of a new type of europium(III)-based hybrid ternary complex scintillators for improved X-ray detection and imaging.

Driving mechanism of urban expansion in the Bohai Rim urban agglomeration from the perspective of spatiotemporal dynamic analysis.

The urban agglomeration represents the predominant form of new urbanisation, yet the evolution of its internal spatial structure exhibits pronounced spatial and temporal heterogeneity. This study concentrates on the Bohai Rim urban agglomeration, one of three major urban agglomerations in China, which has received comparatively limited research attention but has also undergone substantial urbanisation. Therefore, we reassessed and explored the spatial-temporal evolution of the spatial structure of urban expansion using Exploratory Spatiotemporal Data Analysis (ESTDA), and summarized the driving mechanisms using Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR).

Characteristic Polyphenols in 15 Varieties of Chinese Jujubes Based on Metabolomics.

Background: Jujube is a homologous herb of medicine and food, and polyphenols are key in determining the functional effects of jujubes.

Methods: In this study, characteristic polyphenols in 15 varieties of Chinese jujubes were investigated based on untargeted metabolomics.

Results: The results showed that a total of 79 characteristic polyphenols were identified in the 15 varieties of Chinese jujube, and 55 characteristic polyphenols such as syringetin, spinosin and kaempferol were reported for the first time.

Predicting intra-abdominal candidiasis in elderly septic patients using machine learning based on lymphocyte subtyping: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: Intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) is difficult to predict in elderly septic patients with intra-abdominal infection (IAI). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram based on lymphocyte subtyping and clinical factors for the early and rapid prediction of IAC in elderly septic patients.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 284 consecutive elderly patients diagnosed with sepsis and IAI was performed.

MDPAO1 peptide from human milk enhances brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and mitigates obesity.

The regulatory effect of breastfeeding on offspring metabolism has garnered significant attention as an effective strategy in combating childhood obesity. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Through integrated analysis of multiple human milk peptide databases and functional screening, MDPAO1 (milk-derived peptide associated with obesity 1) was identified as having potential activity in promoting the expression of thermogenic genes.

Fully-threaded cannulated screws versus partially-threaded cannulated screws for femoral neck fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Femoral neck fractures (FNFs) are a common orthopedic type, and there are many treatment methods for it, and cannulated screw internal fixation is currently one of the main treatment methods. The choice of fully threaded cannulated screw (FCS) or partially threaded cannulated screw (PCS) remains controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of FCS and PCS in the treatment of FNF.

Pheromone-Binding Protein 1 Performs a Dual Function for Intra- and Intersexual Signaling in a Moth.

Moths use pheromones to ensure intraspecific communication. Nevertheless, few studies are focused on both intra- and intersexual communication based on pheromone recognition. Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) are generally believed pivotal for male moths in recognizing female pheromones.

Introducing a blocked procedure in nonparametric CD-CAT.

Cognitive Diagnostic Computerized Adaptive Testing (CD-CAT), in conjunction with nonparametric methodologies, is an adaptive assessment tool utilized for diagnosing students' knowledge mastery within smaller educational contexts. Expanding upon this framework, this study introduces the blocked procedure previously used in the parametric CD-CAT, enhancing the flexibility of nonparametric CD-CAT by enabling within-block item review and answer modification. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the performance of this blocked procedure within the context of nonparametric CD-CAT across varied conditions.

Food-derived umami peptides: bioactive ingredients for enhancing flavor.

In order to provide a further overview of the bioactivities of food-derived umami peptides, the study reviewed the sources, preparation and screening, flavor presentation properties, functional properties and their recent progress in the food industry. Food-derived umami peptides could be extracted and prepared by enzymatic and fermentation techniques. Machine learning, molecular docking technology and peptidomics are efficient methods for screening and identifying umami peptides and exploring their flavor mechanisms.

Proteomic Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Proteins in Cordyceps militaris Cultured with Different Media.

Cordyceps militaris is rich in high quality protein, which is an excellent protein supplement. In this study, proteins were extracted from C. militaris cultured with tussah pupa and C.

Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles on Alternative Splicing of Rainbow Trout Head Kidney under Heat Stress.

Alternative splicing (AS) is an important post-transcriptional regulation, which can expand the functional diversity of gene products and is a mechanism for eukaryotes to cope with abiotic stress. However, there are few studies on AS events in rainbow trout under heat stress. In this study, RNA-Seq data were used to clarify the effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on the AS events of rainbow trout head kidney under heat stress.

Black phosphorus nanoplatform coated with platelet membrane improves inhibition of atherosclerosis progression through macrophage targeting and efferocytosis.

Plaque rupture in atherosclerosis (AS) is a major cause of acute cardiovascular events. Macrophage-induced inflammatory responses and accumulation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) primarily induce unstable plaques. Therefore, targeting ROS clearance and functional modulation of macrophages are clinically crucial for improving plaque stability and inhibiting AS progression.

Levamisole Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Downregulating the PI3K/Akt Pathway in SD Rats.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a protracted course, high rates of morbidity, and disability yet lacks effective therapeutic modalities. Levamisole (LVM), an immunomodulatory drug, has been clinically reported for its potential in RA treatment, while its therapeutic mechanism toward RA remains to be elucidated. Hence, this study provides theoretical support for the application of LVM in the treatment of RA.

New Therapeutic Method for Alleviating Damage of Acute Kidney Injury Through Gene Promoter I-Motif.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health problem with its pathogenesis not fully understood. Excessive apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells is an important feature of AKI patients, and therefore an anti-apoptotic approach could be used in the treatment for AKI. Up-regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 () gene and protein has been found to be correlated with anti-apoptosis of cells.

Blood Pressure Control for Patients with Middle Cerebral Artery Severe Stenosis or Occlusion.

Background: Chronic hypertension is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke and worsens prognosis. However, the level of blood pressure control in hypertensive patients with severe intracranial stenosis is controversial.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of different levels of blood pressure on cerebral perfusion in patients with middle cerebral artery severe stenosis or occlusion.

Correlation between glucose metabolism and body mass index in tumor lesions of patients with lung cancer.

Objective: Lung cancer, along with various other cancers, is characterized by increased glucose metabolism. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), derived from positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), serves as an indicator of glucose metabolic activity in tumor lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and SUVmax in individuals with lung cancer.

Integrated microbial activities and isotope analysis unveil the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on straw decomposition in agricultural soil.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely applied across multiple industries and ultimately accumulate in water and soil environments, raising significant concern about their toxicity to organisms in various ecosystems. While the effects of ZnONPs on microflora have been reported, their ecotoxicity to specific biogeochemical process and microbial activities and metabolic functions remains relatively unclear. In this study, a 56-day microcosmic experiment was conducted to explore the toxicity mechanism of ZnONPs (1000 mg kg soil) on straw decomposition, soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization, and changes in microbial activities and functions in agricultural soil with general wheat straw incorporation using the C isotope tracer technique.

Association among major adverse cardiovascular events with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to determine the incidence and overall risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) related to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: We systematically searched all cohort studies, including the available MACE data in cancer patients receiving ICIs, in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, from their inception to September 5, 2023. The primary outcome was the incidence of MACEs associated with ICI exposure, and the secondary outcome was the overall risk of MACEs associated with ICI exposure versus non-ICI exposure controls.