MIDP stimulates ROS elevation through inhibition of mevalonate pathway and pentose phosphate pathway to inhibit colon cancer cells.

Maintaining redox homeostasis is an essential feature of cancer cells, and disrupting this homeostasis to cause oxidative stress and induce cell death is an important strategy in cancer therapy. MIDP, a zoledronic acid derivative, can cause the death of human colorectal cancer cells by increasing the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, its potential molecular mechanism is unclear.

Distinct Circuits From the Central Lateral Amygdala to the Ventral Part of the Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis Regulate Different Fear Memory.

Background: The ability to differentiate stimuli that predict fear is critical for survival; however, the underlying molecular and circuit mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: We combined transgenic mice, in vivo transsynaptic circuit-dissecting anatomical approaches, optogenetics, pharmacological methods, and electrophysiological recording to investigate the involvement of specific extended amygdala circuits in different fear memory.

Results: We identified the projections from central lateral amygdala (CeL) protein kinase C δ (PKCδ)-positive neurons and somatostatin (SST)-positive neurons to GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) and glutamatergic neurons in the ventral part of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (vBNST).

Enhancement of root sulfur metabolic pathway by overexpression of to increase total soybean seed protein content.

Unlabelled: Sulfur is essential for plant growth, and the uptake of sulfate by plant roots is the primary source of plant sulfur. Previous studies have shown that the OAS-TL gene is a key enzyme in the sulfur metabolic pathway and regulates cysteine (Cys) synthase production. However, the interaction mechanism of the glycine max Cys synthase () gene on soybean root morphology construction and seed protein accumulation is unclear.

Distinct serotonergic pathways to the amygdala underlie separate behavioral features of anxiety.

Anxiety-like behaviors in mice include social avoidance and avoidance of bright spaces. Whether these features are distinctly regulated is unclear. We demonstrate that in mice, social and anxiogenic stimuli, respectively, increase and decrease serotonin (5-HT) levels in basal amygdala (BA).

A Deep Mesencephalic Nucleus Circuit Regulates Licking Behavior.

Licking behavior is important for water intake. The deep mesencephalic nucleus (DpMe) has been implicated in instinctive behaviors. However, whether the DpMe is involved in licking behavior and the precise neural circuit behind this behavior remains unknown.

The gene improves drought stress resistance of soybean seedlings.

In order to study the role of gene in alleviating drought stress, soybean seeds with gene were transferred by T treated with PEG6000 concentration of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% respectively. The germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and other indicators were measured. The results showed that the germination potential, germination rate, and germination index of OEA1 and OEA2 strains overexpressed in T generation were significantly higher than those of the control material M18.

Multicentre, prospective registry study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mainland China (CHALSR): study protocol.

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a representative rare disease characterised by progressive, fatal motor neuron degeneration. Due to the unknown aetiology and variability of the phenotypes, there are no accurate reports concerning the epidemiology or clinical characteristics of the disease. The low prevalence, as previously reported, makes it difficult to carry out studies with large samples.

Whole-Brain Map of Long-Range Monosynaptic Inputs to Different Cell Types in the Amygdala of the Mouse.

The amygdala, which is involved in various behaviors and emotions, is reported to connect with the whole brain. However, the long-range inputs of distinct cell types have not yet been defined. Here, we used a retrograde trans-synaptic rabies virus to generate a whole-brain map of inputs to the main cell types in the mouse amygdala.

MeCP2 in cholinergic interneurons of nucleus accumbens regulates fear learning.

Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) encoded by the gene is a transcriptional regulator whose mutations cause Rett syndrome (RTT). -deficient mice show fear regulation impairment; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this abnormal behavior are largely uncharacterized. Here, we showed that gene deficiency in cholinergic interneurons of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) dramatically impaired fear learning.

Publisher Correction: Cannabinoid CB receptors in the amygdalar cholecystokinin glutamatergic afferents to nucleus accumbens modulate depressive-like behavior.

In the version of this article originally published, there were several errors in Fig. 4. In Fig.

Cannabinoid CB receptors in the amygdalar cholecystokinin glutamatergic afferents to nucleus accumbens modulate depressive-like behavior.

Major depressive disorder is a devastating psychiatric disease that afflicts up to 17% of the world's population. Postmortem brain analyses and imaging studies of patients with depression have implicated basal lateral amygdala (BLA) dysfunction in the pathophysiology of depression. However, the circuit and molecular mechanisms through which BLA neurons modulate depressive behavior are largely uncharacterized.

[Analysis of immunophenotype and leukemia associated immunophenotype in 610 patients with acute myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To analyze the immunophenotype and leukemia associated immunophenotype (LAIP) of leukemia cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in minimal residual disease (MRD) detection.

Methods: Four-color multiparametric flow cytometry (FCM) with CD45/SSC gating was used to determine the expression of the following antibodies of CD7, CD117, CD33, CD34, CD10, CD19, CD56, CD38, CD13, CD14, CD64, CD9, CD16, CD2, CD5, CD11b, CD123, HLA-DR in 610 AML patients and 20 normal bone marrow (NBM) samples.

Results: The mean percentages of CD34+ and CD117+ side scatter low (SSC(low)) cells in NBM mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) were (0.

[Adenovirus-mediated PDCD5 gene transfer sensitizes apoptosis of K562 cells induced by etoposide].

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of adenovirus-mediated transfer of PDCD5 gene on apoptosis of K562 cells induced by etoposide. Recombinant adenovirus PDCD5 (Ad-PDCD5), control vectors Ad-null and Ad-eGFP were constructed by AdMax vector system respectively. After K562 cells were transfected by Ad-PDCD5, Ad-null or Ad-eGFP with different multiplicity of infection (MOI), the expression level of the PDCD5 gene was examined by RQ-RT-PCR assay.

[Abnormal expression of PDCD5 in the bone marrow cells of adult acute myeloid leukemia].

The objective of this study was to estimate a novel apoptosis-promoting molecule PDCD5 expression in the bone marrow cells from adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for investigation of its significance in the pathogenesis of AML. Flow cytometry assay was used for detection of PDCD5 expression in the different groups of cells from bone marrow of AML patients and normal controls by using 21 monoclonal antibodies with different fluorescent markers. The PDCD5 expressions in bone marrow cells from some AML patients and normal controls were also detected by Western blot.

[Leukemia-associated immunophenotypes in 415 childhood and adult patients with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia by multiparametric flow cytometry analysis].

To evaluate the significance of FCM in minimal residual disease (MRD) detection, the immunophenotyping and leukemia-associated immunophenotypes (LAIP) of leukemia cells from 273 adult and 142 childhood patients with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) were detected by four to six antibody combinations of 4-color CD45/SSC gating multiparametric flow cytometry (FCM). The results showed that the B-ALL patients could be classified into 4 subtypes based on different expression CD34 and CD10: subtype I (CD34(+)/CD10(-)), subtype II (CD34(+)/CD10(+)), subtype III (CD34(-)/CD10(+)), subtype IV (CD34(-)/CD10(-)). The LAIP was observed in 100% and 92% patients of subtype I and subtype II, respectively, whereas only 79.

[Comparison of the immunophenotype of patients with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia at diagnosis and relapse].

Objective: To compare the leukemia-associated immunophenotypes (LAIP) in patients with B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) at diagnosis and relapse, and investigate its implications for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection.

Methods: The immunophenotype of leukemia cells from 410 newly diagnosed and 6 relapsed patients with B-ALL were detected by four to six antibody combination, mainly CD34/CD10/CD45/CD19 of 4-color CD45/SSC gating flow cytometry (FCM).

Results: The proportion of CD45 under-expressed or negative in relapsed patients was much higher than that in newly diagnosed patients, being 69.

[Clinical significance for minimal residual disease detection by 4 color flow cytometry in adult and childhood B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection by 4 color flow cytometry in B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).

Methods: MRD was analyzed and followed up by using two panels of 4 color antibodies, mainly CD34/CD10/CD45/CD19, in 671 consecutive bone marrow specimens and 1 cerebrospinal fluid from 98 B-ALL patients. In 26 cases of them the immunophenotyping informations at diagnosis were not available.

[Application of CD123 in detection of minimal residual disease in acute promyelocytic leukemia].

The study was aimed to investigate the role and significance of CD123 with other immunological markers in detecting minimal residual disease (MRD) of APL patients. The immunophenotypes of 186 newly diagnosed APL patients and the percentages of cells identical with APL cell immunophenotypes in 20 normal bone marrow samples were analyzed using four-color flow cytometry. MRD in 172 specimens were monitored by mainly using CD34/CD117/CD123/HLA-DR four-color antibody panels, meanwhile 18 specimens were analyzed with the second antibody combination: CD9/CD117/CD34/CD33, simultaneously and the results were compared with real-time PCR.

[Significance of quantification of WT1 mRNA for monitoring minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia patients].

Objective: To evaluate the significance of quantification of WT1 mRNA for monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: WT1 mRNA level was detected with real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RQ-PCR) technique in bone marrow samples from 15 normal subjects (NBM) and 123 AML patients. Sixty-two AML samples were also detected AML1-ETO mRNA expression by RQ-PCR.

Abnormal expression of the programmed cell death 5 gene in acute and chronic myeloid leukemia.

To clarify whether expression of the programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) gene in leukemic cells is abnormal, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RQ-RT-PCR) was used to examine its expression in marrow cells from leukemia patients. We found lower PDCD5 in both AML and CML marrow cells than in normal donor marrow cells. A negative correlation was found between relative levels of PDCD5 and BCR/ABL expression in all CML patients and in CML patients in the advanced phase.

[Analysis of ABL tyrosine kinase point mutations in imatinib treated chronic myelogenous leukemia patients].

Objective: To evaluate ABL tyrosine kinase point mutations in imatinib treated chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients.

Methods: A total of 45 bone marrow samples from 30 CML patients were included in this work. The patients were in accelerated/blast phase (AP/BP) or late-chronic phase (CP) at the start of imatinib and usually showed resistance to imatinib.

[Detection of minimal residual disease in B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia by 4-color flow cytometry].

Objective: To evaluate the method and value of detecting bone marrow minimal residual disease (MRD) in B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) by multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM).

Methods: The FCM immunophenotyping of B-lymphocyte precursors in regenerating stage and MRD was analyzed by using two sets of 4-color antibody panels, including mainly CD34, CD10, CD45, CD19, in 26 regenerating bone marrow samples after chemotherapy and 297 consecutive bone marrow specimens from 50 patients with B-ALL, respectively. The immunophenotype of leukemia cells of B-ALL was also detected by four to six antibodies combination of 4-color CD45/SSC gating FCM.

[Monitoring bcr/abl mRNA levels in imatinib mesylate treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients by real-time quantitative RT-PCR].

Objective: To quantify bone marrow bcr/abl mRNA levels in imatinib mesylate treated Ph chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients.

Methods: Serial monitoring of bcr/abl mRNA levels by real-time quantitative RT-PCR technique (RQ-PCR) was performed in 34 cases (120 samples) of CML treated with imatinib mesylate. All the patients were IFNalpha based treatment failure before enrolled in this study and the percentage of Ph(+) bone marrow cells were over 95%.