Association of histone modification with the development of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, may involve epigenetic alterations, notably histone modifications, in its pathogenesis. This review summarizes various histone modifications including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, serotonylation, lactylation, palmitoylation, and dopaminylation, and their implications in schizophrenia. Current research predominantly focuses on histone acetylation and methylation, though other modifications also play significant roles.

The effect of human GRIN1 gene 5' functional region on gene expression regulation in vitro.

Introduction: Abnormal expression of ionotropic glutamate receptor NMDA type subunit 1, the key subunit of the NMDA receptor, may be related to many neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, we explored the functional sequence of the 5' regulatory region of the human GRIN1 gene and discussed the transcription factors that may regulate gene expression.

Materials And Methods: Twelve recombinant pGL3 vectors with gradually truncated fragment lengths were constructed, transfected into HEK-293, U87, and SK-N-SH cell lines, and analyzed through the luciferase reporter gene assay.

Functional polymorphisms and transcriptional analysis in the 5' region of the human serotonin receptor 1B gene (HTR1B) and their associations with psychiatric disorders.

Background: The 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor (5-HT1B) plays an essential role in the serotonin (5-HT) system and is widely involved in a variety of brain activities. HTR1B is the gene encoding 5-HT1B. Genome-wide association studies have shown that HTR1B polymorphisms are closely related to multiple mental and behavioral disorders; however, the functional mechanisms underlying these associations are unknown.

Effects of HTR1B 3' region polymorphisms and functional regions on gene expression regulation.

Background: The HTR1B gene encodes the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1B) receptor, which is involved in a variety of brain activities and mental disorders. The regulatory effects of non-coding regions on genomic DNA are one of many reasons for the cause of genetic-related diseases. Post-transcriptional regulation that depends on the function of 3' regulatory regions plays a particularly important role.

Association Between Polymorphisms in the 5' Region of the Gene and Schizophrenia in the Northern Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are among the causes of schizophrenia. Galanin receptor 1 is an inhibitory receptor of galanin that is widely distributed in the central nervous system. This study mainly explored the relationship between polymorphisms of the 5' region of the gene and schizophrenia in the northern Chinese Han population.

Association Analysis Between SNPs in the Promoter Region of and Schizophrenia in the Northern Chinese Han Population.

Background: Abnormal gene expression may cause neurotransmitter disorders, resulting in schizophrenia. The association between and the risk of schizophrenia is controversial, and there has been little research on the SNPs in the promoter region of .

Purpose: The present study was performed to detect the association between SNPs in the promoter region of the gene and the risk of schizophrenia.

Functional analysis of haplotypes and promoter activity at the 5' region of the human GABRB3 gene and associations with schizophrenia.

Background: This study investigated the effects of haplotypes T-G and C-A derived from NG_012836.1:g.4160T>C and NG_012836.

Analysis and interpretation of mixture DNA using AS-PCR of mtDNA.

Semi-nested PCR with allele-specific (AS) primers and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were performed to analyze and interpret DNA mixtures, especially when biological materials were degraded or contained a limited amount of DNA. SNP-STR markers were available to identify the minor DNA component using AS-PCR; moreover, SNPs in mtDNA could be used when the degraded or limited amounts of DNA mixtures were not successful with SNP-STR markers. Five pairs of allele-specific primers were designed based on three SNPs (G15043A, T16362C, and T16519C).

Association between polymorphisms in the GRIN1 gene 5' regulatory region and schizophrenia in a northern Han Chinese population and haplotype effects on protein expression in vitro.

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex genetic and environmental etiology. Abnormal glutamate ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) type subunit 1 (NR1) may be a potential cause of schizophrenia.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between the GRIN1 gene, which encodes the NR1 subunit, and the risk of schizophrenia in a northern Chinese Han population using Sanger DNA sequencing.

No association between polymorphisms in the promoter region of dopamine receptor D2 gene and schizophrenia in the northern Chinese Han population: A case-control study.

Background: Epidemiological studies found that genetic factors are among the causes of schizophrenia, exclusively the genes involved in the dopamine system. Prior to this, the role of dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene promoter polymorphisms and schizophrenia has been studied extensively, but there are still some uncertainties about these associations. The present study is focusing on the association between the DRD2 gene promoter region polymorphisms and schizophrenia in the northern Chinese Han population.

Population genetics of 19 Y-STR loci in Yanbian Korean samples from China.

Background: China harbors 56 ethnic groups, including Korean, with a population size of approximately 1.92 million at the 2010 census. Most of the Koreans live in Northeastern parts of China, including Jilin (59.

Polymorphisms in the human serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B) gene are associated with schizophrenia: a case control study.

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with multiple neurotransmitter disorders, including serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). The neuromodulatory action of serotonin on brain function largely depends on the action of specific subtypes of serotonin receptors. The serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B) gene has been proposed to play putative roles in the development of multiple emotional and psychiatric disorders.

No association between dopamine D3 receptor gene Ser9Gly polymorphism (rs6280) and risk of schizophrenia: an updated meta-analysis.

Objective: Ser9Gly (rs6280) is a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the dopamine receptor D3 () gene that may be associated with schizophrenia. We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether Ser9Gly influences the risk of schizophrenia and examined the relationship between the Ser9Gly SNP and the etiology of schizophrenia.

Methods: Case-control studies were retrieved from literature databases in accordance with established inclusion criteria.

The GABRB3 Polymorphism and its Association with Schizophrenia.

The aim of this study was to explore whether schizophrenia occurrence is associated with polymorphisms in the 5' regulatory region of GABRB3 (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor beta 3, subunit gene). The study included 324 patients with schizophrenia and 327 unaffected participants; all individuals were northern Han Chinese. Genotype and haplotype frequency distributions were compared for the 2 groups by means of PCR amplification and direct sequencing of the promoter region of GABRB3.

Association between mitochondrial DNA variations and schizophrenia in the northern Chinese Han population.

To determine whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations are associated with schizophrenia, 313 patients with schizophrenia and 326 unaffected participants of the northern Chinese Han population were included in a prospective study. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including C5178A, A10398G, G13708A, and C13928G were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Hypervariable regions I and II (HVSI and HVSII) were analyzed by sequencing.

[Toxoplasma gondii Rhoptry Protein 17 Inhibits the Apoptosis of Mouse Macrophages via Activation of Activator Protein 1 Signaling].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein 17（ROP17） on γ-interferon (IFN-γ)-induced apoptosis of mouse J774A.1 monocyte macrophages.

Methods: The J774A.

Investigation of control region sequences of mtDNA in a Chinese Maonan population.

DNA sequences in the control region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were investigated in 206 unrelated individuals living in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County in the People's Republic of China. DNA was extracted from blood-stained filter papers. Hypervariable regions, including HVI and HVII, were amplified and sequenced and sequences aligned and compared with the revised Cambridge sequence (rCRS).

Dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) 5' region haplotypes significantly affect transcriptional activity in vitro.

The role of dopamine D1 receptor (DRD1) gene promoter polymorphisms in schizophrenia remains controversial. We aimed to characterize the polymorphisms in the promoter region because little is known about the extent of variance in this region and potential roles in gene transcription activity. In a previous case-control study, we amplified and genotyped the polymorphisms of DRD1 gene.

[Influences of cycle index and volume on sensitivity of DNA detection].

Objective: To explore the feasibility of improving the sensitivity of DNA detection by increasing the PCR cycle index and decreasing the volume of amplifying system.

Methods: The DNA of semen were collected from 10 healthy irrelevant volunteers, and were quantified to 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10 pg/microL, separately. All samples were then amplified in 10, 5, 3 microL volume and at 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 cycles, respectively.

[Correlation between genetic polymorphisms of -855 G/C and -1140 G/A in GRIN1 gene and paranoid schizophrenia].

Objective: To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of -855 G/C and -1140 G/A in promoter regions of GRIN1 gene and find their genetic correlation to paranoid schizophrenia as well as their applicable values in forensic medicine.

Methods: The genetic polymorphisms of -855 G/C and -1140 G/A at the 5' end of GRIN1 gene were detected by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism and PAGE in 183 healthy unrelated individuals of northern Chinese Han population and 172 patients of paranoid schizophrenia, respectively. The chi2 test was used to identify Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the genotype distribution.

[Genetic polymorphisms of four SNP loci in D5 gene of dopamine receptor in Northern Chinese Han population].

Objective: To reveal the genetic polymorphisms of four SNP loci (rs77434921, rs2076907, rs6283, rs1800762) in D5 gene of dopamine receptor (DRD5) in Northern Chinese Han population.

Methods: Four SNP loci of the DRD5 gene of 206 unrelated individuals in Northern Chinese Han population were separately amplified and sequenced by PCR technique and statistically analyzed by Haploview v4.1 software.