Application of an innovative grid-based surveillance strategy to ensure elimination and prevent reintroduction of malaria in high-risk border communities in China.

Grid management is a grassroots governance strategy widely implemented in China since 2004 to improve the government's efficiency to actively find and solve problems among populated regions. A grid-based strategy surveillancing high-risk groups, including mobile and migrant populations (MMPs), in the China-Myanmar border region has played an indispensable role in promoting and consolidating the malaria elimination efforts by tracking and timely identification of potential importation or re-establishment of malaria among MMPs. A sequential mixed methods was implementated to explore the operational mechanism and best practices of the grid-based strategy including through the focus group discussions (FGDs), comparison of before and after the implementation of a grid-based strategy in the field sites, and data collection from the local health system.

Molecular epidemiology of mosquito-borne viruses at the China-Myanmar border: discovery of a potential epidemic focus of Japanese encephalitis.

Background: Mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance can serve as an early warning in evaluating the status of mosquito-borne virus prevalence and thus prevent local outbreaks. Although Tengchong County in Yunnan Province-which borders Myanmar-is abundant and diverse in mosquitoes, very few mosquito-based arbovirus investigations have been conducted in the recent decade. Herein, this study aims to evaluate the presence and the diffusion of mosquito-borne pathogens, currently prevalent in this region.

In Situ Designing a Gradient Li Capture and Quasi-Spontaneous Diffusion Anode Protection Layer toward Long-Life Li-O Batteries.

Lithium metal is the only anode material that can enable the Li-O battery to realize its high theoretical energy density (≈3500 Wh kg ). However, the inherent uncontrolled dendrite growth and serious corrosion limitations of lithium metal anodes make it experience fast degradation and impede the practical application of Li-O batteries. Herein, a multifunctional complementary LiF/F-doped carbon gradient protection layer on a lithium metal anode by one-step in situ reaction of molten Li with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) is developed.

Detection of novel piroplasmid species and Babesia microti and Theileria orientalis genotypes in hard ticks from Tengchong County, Southwest China.

To reveal the genetic diversity of Babesia microti and Theileria orientalis in Southwest China, we conducted a molecular survey of piroplasms in hard ticks in a China-Myanmar border county. Host infesting and questing ticks were collected from Tengchong County in 2013 and 2014. Piroplasm infection in ticks was detected by PCR, and then, phylogenetic analysis was conducted to study the genetic diversity of the pathogens identified in ticks.

Generating Defect-Rich Bismuth for Enhancing the Rate of Nitrogen Electroreduction to Ammonia.

The electrochemical N fixation, which is far from practical application in aqueous solution under ambient conditions, is extremely challenging and requires a rational design of electrocatalytic centers. We observed that bismuth (Bi) might be a promising candidate for this task because of its weak binding with H adatoms, which increases the selectivity and production rate. Furthermore, we successfully synthesized defect-rich Bi nanoplates as an efficient noble-metal-free N reduction electrocatalyst via a low-temperature plasma bombardment approach.

High genetic diversity in hard ticks from a China-Myanmar border county.

Background: Many tick species have great morphological similarity and are thus grouped into species complexes. Molecular methods are therefore useful in the classification and identification of ticks. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of hard ticks in China, especially at the subspecies level.

[Malaria focus investigation and disposal in Tengchong City between 2015 and 2016].

Objective: To analyze the results of malaria focus investigation and disposal in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province between 2015 and 2016, so as to provide evidences for interrupting potential malaria transmission.

Methods: The malaria foci were investigated and disposed according to the malaria cases reported from "China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention" in Tengchong City between 2015 and 2016. The mosquitoes were captured by mosquito-lured lamp overnight to investigate the malaria vector in local.

Anti-hepatoma activities of ethyl acetate extract from Ampelopsis sinica root.

Ampelopsis sinica root (ASR) is a known hepatoprotective folk traditional Chinese medicine. The anti‑hepatoma activity of ethyl acetate extract from A. sinica root (ASRE) in vitro and in vivo and its possible mechanism were explored.

Evaluation of Measures and Achievements of Malaria Control in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province during 2010-2015.

Objective: To evaluate the measures and achievements of malaria control in Tengchong City during 2010-2015.

Methods: The malaria control information on epidemiology, foci disposal, blood detection of febrile patients, and medical treatment during 2010-2015 in Tengchong City was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010.

Results: In 2010-2015, 1 654 malaria cases were reported in Tengchong City, including 18 indigenous cases, 22 domestically mobile cases, and 1 614 imported cases from abroad, of whom 1 584 cases （98.

[An Imported Case of Vivax Malaria with Co-occurrence of Different Stages of Plasmodium vivax in Erythrocyte].

The blood sample from a case of vivax malaria in Tengchong City, Yunnan Province, was tested with CareStartTM malaria rapid diagnostic test, Giemsa staining and nested PCR in 2012. The case was determined to be infected with Plasmodium vivax, P. malariae or P.

[Malaria epidemiological analysis in Tengchong City from 2010 to 2015].

Objective: To analyze the malaria epidemiological characteristics in Tengchong City from 2010 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for adjusting and formulating measures in the elimination stage.

Methods: The malaria data were collected and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2010 in Tengchong City from 2010 to 2015.

Results: There were 1 408 malaria cases reported in Tengchong City from 2010 to 2015, including 1 091 cases of infection, 256 cases of infection, 5 cases of infection, 1 case of infection, 1 case of mixed infections, and 54 unclassified cases.

[Investigation of tick bites in outpatients with fever from health care facilities in Tengchong County].

Objective: To study the prevalence of tick bites and relative factors of outpatients with fever from health care facilities in Tengchong County.

Methods: From July to August, 2014, the outpatients with fever in five health care facilities namely Tengchong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hehua Health Center, Jietou Health Center, Qushi Health Center and Xinhua Health Center were investigated by questionnaires. The factors related to tick bites were explored with the univariate analysis and multiple regression models.

[Malaria surveillance in Tengchong County of Yunnan Province in 2013].

Objective: To analyze the surveillance data of malaria in Tengchong County of Yunnan Province in 2013, so as to provide the evidence for carrying out the malaria elimination in the future.

Methods: The data of epidemic situation and surveillance of malaria in Tengchong County in 2013 were collected and analyzed for the prevalence state as well as and the monitoring indicators including the blood examination of fever patients of unknown origin, initiative detection of cases, under-reporting survey, sentinel surveillance and species and density investigation of Anopheles mosquitoes.

Results: Totally 138 malaria cases were reported in Tengchong County in 2013, among which 118 cases were infected with Plasmodium vivax and 20 cases with P.

Twist1 is a potential prognostic marker for colorectal cancer and associated with chemoresistance.

Twist1 is a highly conserved basic helix-loophelix transcription factor, and has been shown to play an important role in carcinogenesis of many tumors including colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we aimed to investigate the role of Twist1 in the clinical significance and chemoresistance in CRC. In this study, we examined the correlation between Twist1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics using immunohistochemistry in patients with CRC.

Emergence of human babesiosis along the border of China with Myanmar: detection by PCR and confirmation by sequencing.

Babesiosis is a tick-borne, zoonotic disease caused by Babesia spp. Two cases of babesiosis were detected by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Yunnan province, China, and further confirmed by molecular assay. The blood smears showed intraerythrocytic ring form and tetrads typical of small B.

Antitumor Activities of Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron In Vitro and In Vivo and Its Possible Mechanism.

The antitumor activities of ethyl acetate extracts from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron (SD extracts) in vitro and in vivo and its possible mechanism were investigated. HPLC method was developed for chemical analysis. SD extracts were submitted to 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on different cells, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR analysis using HepG2 cell and antitumor activity in vivo using H-22 xenograft tumor mice.

In vivo monitoring of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine sensitivity in Plasmodium falciparum along the China-Myanmar border of Yunnan Province, China from 2007 to 2013.

Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the recommended first-line treatment of falciparum malaria in all endemic countries. Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has been confirmed in the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS). Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DAPQ) is the most commonly used ACT in China.

Risk factors for border malaria in a malaria elimination setting: a retrospective case-control study in Yunnan, China.

A retrospective case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for border malaria in a malaria elimination setting of Yunnan Province, China. The study comprised 214 cases and 428 controls. The controls were individually matched to the cases on the basis of residence, age, and gender.

Monitoring Plasmodium vivax chloroquine sensitivity along China-Myanmar border of Yunnan Province, China during 2008-2013.

Background: Plasmodium vivax is the most widespread of the malaria parasites infecting human hosts. In malaria-eliminating settings, both imported and local malaria predominantly occurs in border areas, and most of them are P. vivax.

Proteomic analysis identifies proteins associated with curcumin-enhancing efficacy of irinotecan-induced apoptosis of colorectal cancer LOVO cell.

Objective: We wish to implement a proteomics-based approach to pick and identify the proteins associated with curcumin enhancing efficacy of irinotecan inducing apoptosis of colorectal cancer LOVO cells, and further explore their synergy mechanism by bioinformatics.

Methods: A colorectal cancer cell line (LOVO cell) treated by curcumin combined with irinotecan in different ways respectively was used as our comparative model. Protein spots were analyzed through MALDI-TOF/TOF.

Artemisinin-naphthoquine combination versus chloroquine-primaquine to treat vivax malaria: an open-label randomized and non-inferiority trial in Yunnan Province, China.

Background: Plasmodium vivax is the main malaria parasite in China, and China is now making efforts to eliminate malaria by 2020. Radical cure of vivax malaria is one of challenges for malaria elimination. The purpose is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of artemisinin-naphthoquine (ANQ) versus chloroquine-primaquine (CQ-PQ) in treatment of vivax malaria in Yunnan Province, China.

Co-infections with Babesia microti and Plasmodium parasites along the China-Myanmar border.

Background: Babesiosis is an emerging health risk in several parts of the world. However, little is known about the prevalence of Babesia in malaria-endemic countries. The area along the China-Myanmar border in Yunnan is a main endemic area of malaria in P.