Identification of miRNA858 long-loop precursors in seed plants.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of nonprotein-coding short transcripts that provide a layer of post-transcriptional regulation essential to many plant biological processes. MiR858, which targets the transcripts of MYB transcription factors, can affect a range of secondary metabolic processes. Although miR858 and its 187-nt precursor have been well studied in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), a systematic investigation of miR858 precursors and their functions across plant species is lacking due to a problem in identifying the transcripts that generate this subclass.

Application value of coaxial puncture needle (technique) in ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy of peripheral pulmonary masses.

This study aims to investigate the effect of ultrasound (US)-guided coaxial puncture needle in puncture biopsy of peripheral pulmonary masses. In this retrospective analysis, 157 patients who underwent US-guided percutaneous lung biopsy in our hospital were divided into a coaxial biopsy group and a conventional biopsy group (the control group) according to the puncture tools involved, with 73 and 84 patients, respectively. The average puncture time, number of sampling, sampling satisfaction rate, puncture success rate and complication rate between the 2 groups were compared and discussed in detail.

Inhibition of histamine receptor H3 suppresses the growth and metastasis of human non-small cell lung cancer cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways and blocking EMT.

Recent evidence shows that the expression levels of histamine receptor H3 (Hrh3) are upregulated in several types of cancer. However, the role of Hrh3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been elucidated. In the present study, we showed that the expression levels of Hrh3 were significantly increased in NSCLC samples, and high levels of Hrh3 were associated with poor overall survival (OS) in NSCLC patients.

Fatty liver diseases, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic plant medicines.

The liver is an important metabolic organ and controls lipid, glucose and energy metabolism. Dysruption of hepatic lipid metabolism is often associated with fatty liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver diseases (AFLD) and hyperlipidemia. Recent studies have uncovered the contribution of hormones, transcription factors, and inflammatory cytokines to the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia and fatty liver diseases.

Traditional Chinese Medicine for Coronary Heart Disease: Clinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a major cause of mortality with a huge economic burden on healthcare worldwide. Here, we conducted a systematic review to investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for CHD based on high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and summarized its possible mechanisms according to animal-based researches. 27 eligible studies were identified in eight database searches from inception to June 2018.

Buyang Huanwu Decoction Exerts Cardioprotective Effects through Targeting Angiogenesis via Caveolin-1/VEGF Signaling Pathway in Mice with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The idea of therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium is a promising strategy for MI patients. Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a famous Chinese herbal prescription, exerted antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, which contribute to cardio-/cerebral protection.

5, 7, 2', 4', 5'-Pentamethoxyflavanone regulates M1/M2 macrophage phenotype and protects the septic mice.

Flavonoids have been reported to exert protective effect against many inflammatory diseases, while the underlying cellular mechanisms are still not completely known. In the present study, we explored the anti-inflammation activity of 5, 7, 2', 4', 5'-pentamethoxyflavanone (abbreviated as Pen.), a kind of polymethoxylated flavonoid, both in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Sequence and time course of depletion of cardiac cellular proteins and accumulation of plasma proteins in rat early ischemic myocardium.

In order to investigate the sequence and time course of fibronectin (Fn), fibrinogen (Fg), complement (C5), myoglobin (Mb), actin (HHF35), and desmin (Dm) for the diagnosis of early myocardial ischemia, the myocardial ischemia model was established in rats, the positive reaction areas of Fn, Fg and C5 and the depletion areas of Mb, HHF35 and Dm in the ischemic cardiomyocytes were studied with immunohistochemistry, image analysis technique and statistical system. The results showed that the depletion of Dm, HHF35 and Mb, and the positive staining of Fg and C5 in ischemic cardiomyocytes were found as early as 15 min after the myocardial ischemia, but the positive staining of Fn occurred till 3 h after myocardial ischemia. With the prolongation of ischemia, the areas of the depletion of Dm, HHF35, Mb and the positive staining of Fg, C5 and Fn gradually enlarged.

The involvement of perivascular spaces or tissues in the facial intradermal brain-targeted delivery.

Our previous work indicates the lymphatic network and perivascular spaces or tissues might be involved in the facial intradermal brain-targeted delivery of Evans blue (EB). In this article, we presented the detailed involvement of both, and the linkage between lymphatic network and perivascular spaces or tissues. The in-vivo imaging, the trigeminal transection and immunohistochemistry were used.

A Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Astragaloside IV for Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), the major pharmacological extract from , possesses a variety of biological activities in the cardiovascular systems. Here, we aimed to evaluate preclinical evidence and possible mechanism of AS-IV for animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Studies of AS-IV in animal models with myocardial I/R injury were identified from 6 databases from inception to May, 2018.

Additive Neuroprotective Effect of Borneol with Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Ischemic Stroke in Mice.

Intravenous stem cell transplantation initiates neuroprotection related to the secretion of trophic factor. Borneol, a potential herbal neuroprotective agent, is a penetration enhancer. Here, we aimed to investigate whether they have additive neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia.

Salvianolic Acid Exerts Cardioprotection through Promoting Angiogenesis in Animal Models of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Preclinical Evidence.

Radix , danshen root (danshen), is one of the widely used Chinese herbal medicines in clinics, containing rich phenolic compounds. Salvianolic acid is the main active compound responsible for the pharmacologic effects of danshen. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of salvianolic acid on cardioprotection through promoting angiogenesis in experimental myocardial infarction.

Shexiang Baoxin Pills for Coronary Heart Disease in Animal Models: Preclinical Evidence and Promoting Angiogenesis Mechanism.

Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) originated from a classical TCM Fufang Suhexiang Pill for chest pain with dyspnea in the Southern Song Dynasty (1107-110 AD). Here, we aimed to evaluate preclinical evidence and possible mechanism of SBP for experimental coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies of SBP in animal models with CHD were identified from 6 databases until April 2016.

Chinese herbal medicine for Alzheimer's disease: Clinical evidence and possible mechanism of neurogenesis.

Currently, there is lack of cure or disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is purported to ameliorate AD progression, perhaps by promoting hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we conducted an updated systematic review to investigate the efficacy and safety of CHM for AD based on high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and reviewed its possible mechanisms of neurogenesis according to animal-based researches.

A novel doxorubicin loaded folic acid conjugated PAMAM modified with borneol, a nature dual-functional product of reducing PAMAM toxicity and boosting BBB penetration.

Effective targeting drug delivery system for glioma treatment is still greatly challenged by the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the intracranial overspreading of anti-tumor drug. Herein, we presented a dual-functional glioma targeting delivery of doxorubicin based on the PAMAM G5 dendrimer, modified with folic acid (FA) to target tumor cell, also borneol (BO), a well known safe material derived from traditional Chinese medicine, to facilitate the BBB permeability and reduce the toxicity of naked PAMAM. The intracranial transportation and glioma targeting ability were evaluated on the BBB model and C6 glioma cells in vitro.

Fluorescent multiplex amplification of three X-STR loci.

This study was carried out to evaluate the value of three X-STR loci (DXS6803, DXS981and DXS6809) in forensic application and thereby investigate their polymorphism. The primer for each locus was labeled with fluorochrome 6-FAM. A fluorescent multiplex PCR for simultaneously amplifying three X-STR loci was set up.

[Traumatic cerebral infarction: a histopathological study of 17 cases].

Objective: To assess the morphologic changes in traumatic cerebral infarction and to discuss its mechanism.

Methods: Specimens from seventeen cases of cerebral infarction were selected from 81 patients with severe brain injury, and subject to routine gross and histological examinations.

Results: (1) The cerebral infarction in all cases was hemorrhagic in nature with a wedged or irregular shape upon gross inspection.

Study on the specificity of fibronectin for post-mortem diagnosis of early myocardial infarction.

In order to investigate the specificity of fibronectin (Fn) in the post-mortem diagnosis of myocardial infarction, the changes of Fn staining in normal, infarcted and other non-infarcted myocardial injuries resulting from myocarditis, mechanical asphyxia, electrocution, hemorrhagic shock, cardiac contusion and organophosphate poisoning were studied with an immunohistochemistry and image analysis system. The results showed that positive Fn staining could only be observed in groups of myocardial infarction and myocarditis, but could not be found in groups of mechanical asphyxia, electrocution, hemorrhagic shock, cardiac contusion, and organophosphate poisoning. Our findings indicate that positive staining of Fn in cardiomyocytes could be affected only by myocarditis, so it is quite specific for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.