Girard Derivatization-Based Enrichment Strategy for Profiling the Carbonyl Submetabolome in Biological Samples.

Numerous bioactive compounds containing carbonyl groups, including aldehydes and ketones, are widely acknowledged as potential biomarkers for several diseases and are implicated in the development of metabolic disorders. However, the detection of carbonyl metabolites is hindered by challenges, such as poor ionization efficiency, low biological concentration, instability, and complexity of the sample matrix. To overcome these limitations, we developed a Girard derivatization-based enrichment (GDBE) strategy for capturing and comprehensively profiling carbonyl metabolites in biological samples.

Preparation of Rare Dehydrated Protopanaxadiol Ginsenosides from Leaves by Confined Microwave-Driven Transformation.

Rare dehydrated ginsenosides barely exist in natural ginseng plants. Herein, the confined microwave technique was utilized to transform the main ginsenosides of leaves (PNL) into dehydrated ginsenosides. The main microwave-treated products of dried PNL are dehydrated ginsenoside Rk1, Rg5, notoginsenoside SFt3, and SFt4.

Click chemistry-based enrichment strategy for tracing cellular fatty acid metabolism by LC-MS/MS.

Fatty acids (FAs), which were initially recognized as energy sources and essential building blocks of biomembranes, serve as the precursors of important signaling molecules. Tracing FA metabolism is essential to understanding the biochemical activity and role of FAs in physiological and pathological events. Inspired by the advances in click chemistry for protein enrichment, we herein established a click chemistry-based enrichment (CCBE) strategy for tracing the cellular metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 -3) in neural cells.

THz enantiomers of drugs recognized by the polarization enhancement of gold nanoparticles on an asymmetric metasurface.

Chirality plays an important role in biological processes, and enantiomers often possess similar physical properties and different physiological functions. Thus, chiral detection of enantiomers has become a hot topic in recent years, and methods to enhance chiral molecular recognition are in urgent demand. In this work, a polarization detection method was used for different chiral drugs based on a specially designed metasurface composed of asymmetric double-opened rings and the surface enhancement effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs).

Terahertz phase shift sensing and identification of a chiral amino acid based on a protein-modified metasurface through the isoelectric point and peptide bonding.

The efficient sensing of amino acids, especially the distinction of their chiral enantiomers, is important for biological, chemical, and pharmaceutical research. In this work, a THz phase shift sensing method was performed for amino acid detection based on a polarization-dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) metasurface. More importantly, a method for binding the specific amino acids to the functional proteins modified on the metasurface was developed based on the isoelectric point theory so that the specific recognition for Arginine (Arg) was achieved among the four different amino acids.

Artificial intelligence: Emerging player in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive disease.

Given the breakthroughs in key technologies, such as image recognition, deep learning and neural networks, artificial intelligence (AI) continues to be increasingly developed, leading to closer and deeper integration with an increasingly data-, knowledge- and brain labor-intensive medical industry. As society continues to advance and individuals become more aware of their health needs, the problems associated with the aging of the population are receiving increasing attention, and there is an urgent demand for improving medical technology, prolonging human life and enhancing health. Digestive system diseases are the most common clinical diseases and are characterized by complex clinical manifestations and a general lack of obvious symptoms in the early stage.

Selective modifications at the different positions of cyclodextrins: a review of strategies.

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are natural, nontoxic, and biodegradable macrocyclic oligosaccharides. As supramolecular hosts, CDs have numerous applications in many aspects. However, nonsubstituted CDs have the disadvantages of solubility, unspecific recognition sites, and weak interactions with guest molecules.

[Factors associated with Th1 cytokine disorders in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes].

Objective: To measure levels of cytokines including IL-1β, IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-α in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and to analyze their correlation with clinical indices such as infection and onset time.

Methods: A total of 33 children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes were assigned to the case group, and 27 healthy children to the control group. The case group was further divided into increased white blood cell (WBC) and normal WBC subgroups according to peripheral WBC level.