Physics-Informed Inverse Design of Programmable Metasurfaces.

Emerging reconfigurable metasurfaces offer various possibilities for programmatically manipulating electromagnetic waves across spatial, spectral, and temporal domains, showcasing great potential for enhancing terahertz applications. However, they are hindered by limited tunability, particularly evident in relatively small phase tuning over 270°, due to the design constraints with time-intensive forward design methodologies. Here, a multi-bit programmable metasurface is demonstrated capable of terahertz beam steering facilitated by a developed physics-informed inverse design (PIID) approach.

Polyethyleneimine-mediated assembly of DNA nanotubes for KRAS siRNA delivery in lung adenocarcinoma therapy.

Self-assembled DNA nanostructures hold great promise in biosensing, drug delivery and nanomedicine. Nevertheless, challenges like instability and inefficiency in cellular uptake of DNA nanostructures under physiological conditions limit their practical use. To tackle these obstacles, this study proposes a novel approach that integrates the cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) with DNA self-assembly.

Periodontal disease increases the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Recent research suggests that periodontitis can increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and investigated the causal effect of periodontitis (PD) on the genetic prediction of COPD. The study aimed to estimate how exposures affected outcomes.

Antioxidant Defenses Against Air Humidity Stress in Fruit Bodies of Auricularia heimuer (Agaricomycetes).

Air humidity is an important environmental factor restricting the fruit body growth of Auricularia heimuer. Low air humidity causes the fruit body to desiccate and enter dormancy. However, the survival mechanisms to low air humidity for fruit bodies before dormancy remain poorly understood.

Prevention and control of ship-source pollution in the Arctic shipping routes: challenges and countermeasures.

Ship-source pollution is one of the important contributors to marine environment pollution. Because the legal status of the Arctic shipping routes is not clear, there is a considerable degree of dispute in the application of the rules on the prevention and control of ship-source pollution. The increased melting of sea ice undermines the legal legitimacy of the "ice-covered areas" clause under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

[Evaluation of the clinical effect of acupuncture in treatment of neck pain in cervical spondylosis based on propensity score matching].

Objective: To observe the clinical effect and safety of acupuncture in treatment of neck pain due to cervical spondylosis.

Methods: According to the patients' preference and acceptance for the interventions of neck pain induced by cervical spondylosis, an acupuncture group (221 cases) and a non-acupuncture group (251 cases) were divided. After the control of confounding factors with propensity score matching, 218 cases were included in either acupuncture group or non-acupuncture group.

Simulated microgravity altered the proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix formation of L929 fibroblasts and the transforming growth factor-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

Exposure to microgravity can adversely affect the fitness of astronauts. The integrity of the skin plays a crucial role in protecting against mechanical forces and infections, fluid imbalance, and thermal dysregulation. In brief, the skin wound may cause unknown challenges to the implementation of space missions.

Autophagy in hepatic macrophages can be regulator and potential therapeutic target of liver diseases: A review.

Hepatic macrophages are a complex population of cells that play an important role in the normal functioning of the liver and in liver diseases. Autophagy, as a maintainer of cellular homeostasis, is closely connected to many liver diseases. And its roles are not always beneficial, but manifesting as a double-edged sword.

Regeneration of the heart: from molecular mechanisms to clinical therapeutics.

Heart injury such as myocardial infarction leads to cardiomyocyte loss, fibrotic tissue deposition, and scar formation. These changes reduce cardiac contractility, resulting in heart failure, which causes a huge public health burden. Military personnel, compared with civilians, is exposed to more stress, a risk factor for heart diseases, making cardiovascular health management and treatment innovation an important topic for military medicine.

Estimation of the bio-accessibility of methylmercury from aquatic foods using a PBTK model with an approximate Bayesian computation method in Chinese pregnant women.

Background: Fish are the primary source of protein and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for pregnant women and children, but methylmercury (MeHg) pollution is the potential hazard of fish consumption. In risk assessments, the bio-accessibility of MeHg is usually assumed to be 100%, which could lead to overestimation of dietary exposure.

Method: An existing PBTK model was adapted to estimate parameters of the bio-accessibility based on MeHg exposure data from a cohort of 397 Chinese pregnant women.

Association between prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants and postpartum depressive symptoms: A multi-city cohort study.

Background: Women are vulnerable to depression during postpartum period. While several studies have shown associations between ambient air pollution exposure and depression in general population, there was few studies focused on the effect of various air pollutants on postpartum depression (PPD).

Objective: This study is designed to explore the association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and PPD, and to reveal the potential vulnerable exposure time point.

Proteomic analysis of the effects of simulated microgravity in human gastric mucosal cells.

Microgravity is an ecological factor that affects the environment of the body. In this study, quantitative isobaric labeling (tandem mass tag) method was used to study the changes in human gastric mucosal cells under simulated microgravity for the first time. Comparative proteomic analysis identified 394 (202 upregulated and 192 downregulated) and 542 (286 upregulated and 256 downregulated) proteins differentially regulated by simulated microgravity after 3 and 7 days, respectively.

The effects of microgravity on the digestive system and the new insights it brings to the life sciences.

Background: Weightlessness is a component of the complex space environment. It exerts adverse effects on the human body, and may pose unknown challenges to the implementation of space missions. The regular function of the digestive system is an important checkpoint for astronauts to conduct missions.

Autophagy in Gastric Mucosa: The Dual Role and Potential Therapeutic Target.

The incidence of stomach diseases is very high, which has a significant impact on human health. Damaged gastric mucosa is more vulnerable to injury, leading to bleeding and perforation, which eventually aggravates the primary disease. Therefore, the protection of gastric mucosa is crucial.

Modes of Transport to School and Their Associations with Weight Status: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Students in Shanghai, China.

Over the past two decades, both transport modes as well as overweight/obesity have changed dramatically among students in China, but their relationships are not clear. This study aimed to investigate modes of transport to school and their associations with the weight status of Chinese students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with non-resident students aged 6 to 17 years from all 16 districts across Shanghai, China in October and November 2019.

Triglyceride-Glucose Index as a Surrogate Marker of Insulin Resistance for Predicting Cardiovascular Outcomes in Nondiabetic Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Aim: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is proposed as a surrogate parameter for insulin resistance (IR) and, when elevated, is related to increased cardiovascular risks. Whether the TyG index is of great value in predicting adverse prognosis for individuals diagnosed with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), who received elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and without recognized diabetes remains unclear.

Methods: Overall, 1,510 subjects diagnosed with NSTE-ACS, who received elective PCI, and without recognized diabetes were enrolled in the current study.

Prognostic impact of estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol in patients with differing glycometabolic status: an observational cohort study from China.

Background: It is uncertain whether estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) could predict residual risk in patients with different glycometabolic status. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between estimated RLP-C and adverse prognosis in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to identify the potential impact of glycometabolism on the predictive value of estimated RLP-C.

Methods: The study assessed 2419 participants with NSTE-ACS undergoing PCI at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January to December 2015.

Impacts of geriatric nutritional risk index on prognosis of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: Results from an observational cohort study in China.

Background And Aims: It is recognized that malnutrition increases risk of worse prognosis in patients with various diseases. The present study investigated if poor nutritional status predicts adverse outcomes in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods And Results: The study enrolled 2299 patients (mean age: 60.

Impacts of triglyceride-glucose index on prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: results from an observational cohort study in China.

Background: The relationship between triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and the prevalence and prognosis of cardiovascular disease has been confirmed by former studies. However, it remains uncertain whether TyG index has a prognostic impact in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: The study retrospectively enrolled 798 patients (mean age: 60.

Correction to: Simulated microgravity significantly altered metabolism in epidermal stem cells.

The affiliation given for Yan Cui in this article is not correct. The following is the correction affiliation.

Melatonin Attenuates Calcium Deposition from Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Activating Mitochondrial Fusion and Mitophagy via an AMPK/OPA1 Signaling Pathway.

Mitochondrial fusion/mitophagy plays a role in cardiovascular calcification. Melatonin has been shown to protect against cardiovascular disease. This study sought to explore whether melatonin attenuates vascular calcification by regulating mitochondrial fusion/mitophagy via the AMP-activated protein kinase/optic atrophy 1 (AMPK/OPA1) signaling pathway.

Melatonin attenuates vascular calcification by inhibiting mitochondria fission via an AMPK/Drp1 signalling pathway.

Mitochondrial fission plays a role in cardiovascular calcification. Melatonin has previously been shown to protect against cardiovascular disease, so this study sought to explore whether it attenuates vascular calcification by regulating mitochondrial fission via the AMP-activated protein kinase/dynamin-related protein 1 (AMPK/Drp1) signalling pathway. The effects of melatonin on vascular calcification were investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

Effect of simulated microgravity on metabolism of HGC-27 gastric cancer cells.

The understanding into the pathogenesis and treatment of gastric cancer has improved in recent years; however, a number of limitations have delayed the development of effective treatment. Cancer cells can undergo glycolysis and inhibit oxidative phosphorylation in the presence of oxygen (Warburg effect). Previous studies have demonstrated that a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) can induce glycolytic metabolism.

Simulated microgravity significantly altered metabolism in epidermal stem cells.

Simulated microgravity can significantly affect various cell types and multiple systems of the human body, such as cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle system, and immune system, and is known to cause anemia and loss of electrolyte and fluids. Epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) were cultured in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor to simulate microgravity. The metabolites of EpSCs were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Prognostic Significance of Relative Hyperglycemia after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with and without Recognized Diabetes.

Background: The research on the association between the relative glycemic level postpercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and adverse prognosis in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients is relatively inadequate.

Objective: The study aimed to identify whether the glycemic level post-PCI predicts adverse prognosis in NSTE-ACS patients.

Methods: Patients (n=2465) admitted with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI were enrolled.