Cuprous oxide-demethyleneberberine nanospheres for single near-infrared light-triggered photoresponsive-enhanced enzymatic synergistic antibacterial therapy.

In this work, novel cuprous oxide-demethyleneberberine (CuO-DMB) nanomaterials are successfully synthesized for photoresponsive-enhanced enzymatic synergistic antibacterial therapy under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation (808 nm). CuO-DMB has a spherical morphology with a smaller nanosize and positive potential, can trap bacteria through electrostatic interactions resulting in a targeting function. CuO-DMB nanospheres show both oxidase-like and peroxidase-like activities, and serve as a self-cascade platform, which can deplete high concentrations of GSH to produce O˙ and HO, then HO is transformed into ˙OH, without introducing exogenous HO.

Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (nasal type) presenting as a perianal abscess: A case report.

Background: Extranodal natural killer (NK) T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type is a rare subtype of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by vascular damage and necrosis. The lesions usually present in the nasal cavity and adjacent tissues, however, the disease originates from the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract in 25% of cases. Since rectal involvement in ENKTL is rare, rectal symptoms in the course of ENKTL are often misdiagnosed and considered to be related to benign diseases such as rectal fistula or perianal abscess.

[A novel treatment regimen for acute liver failure based on a combination of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation and IL-lRa-loaded chitosan nanoparticles].

Objective: To evaluate whether a combination therapy using allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) chitosan nanoparticles is more robust than MSC transplantation alone for treating acute liver failure and to investigate the mechanisms of the improved therapeutic effect using a swine model system.

Methods: IL-1Ra-loaded nanoparticles were made of lactosylated chitosan-FITC using the electrostatic spray method and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The active live targeting of these nanopaticles were investigated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometer(FCM).

Administration of IL-1Ra chitosan nanoparticles enhances the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in acute liver failure.

Background And Aims: To investigate the synergistic effect of IL-1Ra administration and stem cell transplantation in swine suffering from acute liver failure (ALF), to elucidate the mechanism of IL-1Ra activity and to demonstrate mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation as a potential treatment for ALF.

Methods: Thirty-five Chinese experimental mini-swine were divided into five groups randomly. Group A (n = 7) is the control group and all swine were injected with saline via portal veins.

Effect evaluation of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist nanoparticles for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.

Aim: To study the efficacy of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation combined with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) for acute liver failure (ALF).

Methods: Chinese experimental miniature swine were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7), and all animals were given D-galactosamine (D-gal) to induce ALF. Group A animals were then injected with 40 mL saline via the portal vein 24 h after D-gal induction; Group B animals were injected with 2 mg/kg IL-1Ra via the ear vein 18 h, 2 d and 4 d after D-gal induction; Group C received approximately 1 × 10(8) green fluorescence protein (GFP)-labeled MSCs (GFP-MSCs) suspended in 40 mL normal saline via the portal vein 24 h after D-gal induction; Group D animals were injected with 2 mg/kg IL-1Ra via the ear vein 18 h after D-gal induction, MSCs transplantation was then carried out at 24 h after D-gal induction, and finally 2 mg/kg IL-1Ra was injected via the ear vein 1 d and 3 d after surgery as before.

Evaluation of a novel hybrid bioartificial liver based on a multi-layer flat-plate bioreactor.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a hybrid bioartificial liver (HBAL) system in the treatment of acute liver failure.

Methods: Canine models with acute liver failure were introduced with intravenous administration of D-galactosamine. The animals were divided into: the HBAL treatment group (n = 8), in which the canines received a 3-h treatment of HBAL; the bioartificial liver (BAL) treatment group (n = 8), in which the canines received a 3-h treatment of BAL; the non-bioartificial liver (NBAL) treatment group (n = 8), in which the canines received a 3-h treatment of NBAL; the control group (n = 8), in which the canines received no additional treatment.

Microbiological safety of a novel bio-artificial liver support system based on porcine hepatocytes: a experimental study.

Background: Our institute has developed a novel bio-artificial liver (BAL) support system, based on a multi-layer radial-flow bioreactor carrying porcine hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. It has been shown that porcine hepatocytes are capable of carrying infectious porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) into human cells, thus the microbiological safety of any such system must be confirmed before clinical trials can be performed. In this study, we focused on assessing the status of PERV infection in beagles treated with the novel BAL.

Factors influencing the transfer of porcine endogenous retroviruses across the membrane in bioartificial livers.

Objectives: to investigate the factors influencing the transfer of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) across the membrane in a new bioartificial liver (BAL).

Methods: A new BAL containing 2 circuits was constructed using plasma component separators with membrane pore sizes of 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, and 35 nm, or a plasma filter with a membrane pore size of 500 nm. Cocultured cells of porcine hepatocytes and mesenchymal stem cells or single porcine hepatocytes were incubated in the bioreactors, and the BAL worked for 72 hours, with supernatant samples in internal and external circuits collected every 12 hours.

[New evidence of porcine endogenous retrovirus transmission with new bio-artificial liver system: a experimental study].

Objective: To investigate the potential transmissibility of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) from a newly-developed porcine hepatocyte bioartificial liver (BAL) system prior to human clinical trial by using a live canine model.

Methods: Five normal beagles were treated with the new BAL support system for six hours. Samples of plasma from the BAL system and whole blood from the beagles were collected at regular intervals over the six month study period.

[The efficacy research of multi-layer flat-plate bioartificial liver on acute liver failure].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of newly developed multi-layer flat-plate bioartificial liver in treatment of canines with acute liver failure.

Methods: Porcine hepatocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cocultured in newly developed multi-layer flat-plate bioreactor. Acute liver failure in canine models was induced by D-galactosamine administration.

Influence of chitosan nanofiber scaffold on porcine endogenous retroviral expression and infectivity in pig hepatocytes.

Aim: To investigate the influence of chitosan nanofiber scaffold on the production and infectivity of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) expressed by porcine hepatocytes.

Methods: Freshly isolated porcine hepatocytes were cultured with or without chitosan nanofiber scaffold (defined as Nano group and Hep group) for 7 d. The daily collection of culture medium was used to detect reverse transcriptase (RT) activity with RT activity assay kits and PERV RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time PCR with the PERV specific primers.