Age-specific in the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A cohort study of the UK Biobank.

Aims: To investigate the effect of optimal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) level on cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, considering different age groups. And the nonlinear relationship between DBP and CVD events by age were evaluated.

Methods: 358,734 participants of the UK biobank were included.

Association of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: an age-stratified analysis.

Background: The associations of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality stratified by age remains unclear. We evaluated the age-stratified (< 65 vs ≥ 65 years) associations of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large sample of Chinese adults.

Methods: Our cohort study included 746,991 adults aged at least 45 years from the Shenzhen Healthcare Big Data Cohort in China.

Association between dietary diversity changes and frailty among Chinese older adults: findings from a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Dietary diversity has been suggested as a potential preventive measure against frailty in older adults, but the effect of changes in dietary diversity on frailty is unclear. This study was conducted to examine the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and frailty among older Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 12,457 adults aged 65 years or older were enrolled from three consecutive and nonoverlapping cohorts from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (the 2002 cohort, the 2005 cohort, and the 2008 cohort).

Association between atherogenic index of plasma and all-cause mortality and specific-mortality: a nationwide population‑based cohort study.

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), a marker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have investigated association between AIP and all-cause mortality and specific-mortality in the general population.

Methods: This study included data from 14,063 American adults.

Association of insomnia symptoms and trajectories with the risk of functional disability: a prospective cohort study.

Background: There is limited understanding regarding prospective associations of insomnia symptoms and trajectories with functional disability. We aimed to investigate the associations of insomnia symptoms and trajectories with functional disability.

Method: A total of 13 197 participants were eligible from the Health and Retirement Study.

Association between oxidative stress and chronic orofacial pain and potential druggable targets: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Oxidative stress indicators affect chronic orofacial pain (COFP), but how to reduce these effects is uncertain.

Objectives: 11 oxidative stress biomarkers were collected as exposures, while four forms of COFP were chosen as outcomes for Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods: The effect estimates between oxidative stress and COFP were calculated using inverse variance-weighted MR (IVW-MR).

Causal effects of the gut microbiome on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a global pandemic, with potential severity. We aimed to investigate whether genetically predicted gut microbiome is associated with susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 risk.

Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of two sets with different significance thresholds was carried out to infer the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and COVID-19.

Pd-Catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric allylic dearomatization of 1-nitro-2-naphthols with MBH adducts.

An asymmetric allylic dearomatization reaction of 1-nitro-2-naphthol derivatives with Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) adducts has been developed. By utilizing Pd catalyst derived from Pd(OAc) and Trost ligand (,)-L1, the reaction proceeded smoothly in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature, affording substituted β-naphthalenones in good yields (up to 92%) and enantioselectivity (up to 90% ee). A range of substituted 1-nitro-2-naphthols and MBH adducts were found to be compatible under the optimized conditions.

Stereodivergent Construction of 1,3-Chiral Centers via Tandem Asymmetric Conjugate Addition and Allylic Substitution Reaction.

Herein, we report a synthesis of cyclohexanones bearing multi-continuous stereocenters by combining copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of dialkylzinc reagents to cyclic enones with iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reaction. Good to excellent yields, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity can be obtained. Unlike the stereodivergent construction of adjacent stereocenters (1,2-position) reported in the literature, the current reaction can achieve the stereodivergent construction of nonadjacent stereocenters (1,3-position) by a proper combination of two chiral catalysts with different enantiomers.

One-step synthesis of aldehyde-functionalized dual-emissive carbon dots for ratiometric fluorescence detection of bisulfite in food samples.

Bisulfite (HSO) is used as a food additive for its antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, excessive intake of HSO is harmful to humans. Here, for the first time, aldehyde-functionalized dual-emissive carbon dots (D-CDs) are synthesized in one-step for direct ratiometric sensing of HSO.

Palladium-Catalyzed Dearomative Methoxyallylation of 3-Nitroindoles with Allyl Carbonates.

Herein we report a Pd-catalyzed dearomative methoxyallylation of 3-nitroindoles with readily available allyl carbonates. Good yields (up to 86 %) and diastereoselectivity (up to >20:1 dr) are obtained for a wide range of substrates. The compatibility of gram-scale synthesis and the relatively low catalyst loading (down to 1 mol % of [Pd]) enhance the practicality of this method.

Silver-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes via Interrupted Barton-Zard Reaction.

Herein we report a catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reaction of electron-deficient heteroarenes with α-substituted isocyanoacetates through an interrupted Barton-Zard reaction. A range of optically active pyrrolo[3,4-b]indole derivatives was obtained in good yields (up to 97 %) with high stereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr and 97 % ee), using a catalytic system consisting of a cinchona-derived amino-phosphine and silver oxide. This reaction features wide substrate scope and mild conditions, and provides a new strategy for developing asymmetric dearomatization reactions.

Enantioselective synthesis of polycyclic pyrrole derivatives by iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic dearomatization and ring-expansive migration reactions.

Herein, we report an N-alkylation of pyrroles triggered by an unprecedented selective ring-expansive migration of the spiro-2H-pyrrole intermediates obtained via Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic dearomatization. The reaction affords a series of tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine derivatives in good yields (up to 88%) with excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee). The proposed reaction mechanism is supported by DFT calculations and the characterization of the key intermediate.

Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Bisphenol Derivatives via Ir-Catalyzed Allylic Dearomatization.

Spirocyclic hexadienones with multiple stereogenic centers are frequently found in natural products but remain challenging targets to synthesize. Herein, we report the enantioselective desymmetrization of bisphenol derivatives via Ir-catalyzed allylic dearomatization reactions, affording spirocyclic hexadienone derivatives with up to three contiguous stereogenic centers in good yields (up to 90%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). The high efficiency of this reaction is exemplified by the short reaction time (30 min), low catalyst loading (down to 0.

Divergent Protosilylation and Protoborylation of Polar Enynes.

Copper-catalyzed divergent conjugate protosilylation and protoborylation of polar enynes were developed. The corresponding β-boryldienoates and β-silyldienotes were obtained in moderate to good yields and with good stereoselectivity. In this protocol, novel cascade double protoborylation/protodeboronation processes of polar enynoates enabled access of the useful trisubstituted vinylboronates in up to 80% yield and with up to 98:2 Z/ E ratio.

Pd-Catalyzed Dearomatization of Anthranils with Vinylcyclopropanes by [4+3] Cyclization Reaction.

Dearomatization of anthranils with vinylcyclopropanes (VCPs) by Pd-catalyzed [4+3] cyclization reaction has been realized. In the presence of a catalytic amount of borane as an activator, bridged cyclic products were obtained in good to excellent yields with excellent stereoselectivities. By introducing a chiral PHOX ligand (L5), asymmetric dearomatization reactions of anthranils with vinylcyclopropanes proceeded with excellent enantioselectivity.