Enlarged Foramen Ovale-Caused Meningeal Bulge in a Pilot.

Background: Meningocele results from a defect in the skull base bone, causing meningeal prolapse. Clinical manifestations of meningocele are often nonspecific and prone to misdiagnosis. Inadequate treatment may lead to severe complications, including cerebrospinal fluid leakage, meningitis, or, in rare cases, epilepsy, thereby posing significant risks to patients involved in aerospace operations.

Inhalation of multiple pen caps causing bronchial foreign bodies: a rare case in an older child.

Background: Foreign body inhalation is rare in older children, often leading to underdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Most cases involve a single foreign body, but instances of multiple foreign bodies are exceedingly uncommon. This report presents a case of an elder child who inhaled two pen caps, emphasizing the need for clinical vigilance and thorough medical history collection.

Identification of sepsis-associated encephalopathy biomarkers through machine learning and bioinformatics approaches.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is common in septic patients, characterized by acute and long-term cognitive impairment, and is associated with higher mortality. This study aimed to identify SAE-related biomarkers and evaluate their diagnostic potential. We analyzed three SAE-related sequencing datasets, using two as training sets and one as a validation set.

Cross-Domain Feature Disentanglement for Interpretable Modeling of Tumor Microenvironment Impact on Drug Response.

High-throughput screening technology has enabled the generation of large-scale drug responses across hundreds of cancer cell lines. There remains a significant gap between in vitro cell lines and actual tumors in vivo in terms of their response to drug treatments yet. This is because tumors consist of a complex cellular composition and histopathology structure, known as the tumor microenvironment (TME), which greatly impacts the drug cytotoxicity against tumor cells.

Invasive pulmonary and central nervous system aspergillosis in a child: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Children with haematological malignancies have a higher risk of developing aggressive pulmonary aspergillosis and a higher mortality rate. The most common site of extrapulmonary aspergillosis in children is the central nervous system (CNS), and the death rate is higher when CNS is affected. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis are essential for reducing mortality.

[Medical visit status and clinical features in patients with IgG4 related disease].

Objective: To understand the medical treatment and clinical characteristics of patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) with complex clinical manifestations and easy to be misdiagnosed and missed, and to improve the recognition of this disease among doctors from relevant medical departments.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of patients diagnosed with IgG4-RD who were hospitalized and discharged from Peking University Third Hospital from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2022. The patient' s medical visit status, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, diagnosis, and treatment information were summarized.

MicroRNA Imaging Encounters Rolling Circle Amplification: Intracellular Na-Fueled Linear Programmable DNAzyme Nanostructure.

DNAzyme motors are widely used for the sensitive detection of intracellular miRNAs due to their excellent signal response. Generally, the addition of exogenous mental ions to DNAzyme motors is crucial for the efficient operation of the system. Moreover, the position of the DNAzyme relative to the substrate has a significant impact on the cleavage rate during the reaction.

Accuracy of non-gated low-dose non-contrast chest CT with tin filtration for coronary artery calcium scoring.

Objective: The study investigated the accuracy of coronary artery calcium scores (CACS) and the potential for reducing radiation dose using non-gated low-dose non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT) scanning with tin filtration for one-stop screening of the lungs and heart.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted,193 Patients received two scans for determining CACS, including an ECG-gated CT at 120 kV (ECG-gated CT), followed by a non-gated low-dose chest CT using 100 kV with tin filtration (non-gated Sn100 kV-LDCT). The Agatston score (AS), risk stratification, and radiation dose were compared between the scan types.

Recent developments on nanomaterial probes for detection of pesticide residues: A review.

The accumulation of pesticide residues may cause harm to the human body and the environment. Traditional chromatographic methods are limited by stringent testing conditions, so it is necessary to develop convenient and efficient methods for pesticide residue detection. Fluorescence assays have great potential in the development of portable detection tools due to their fast response and intuitive visualization.

Pollution Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Soils around the Yanzhuang Gold Mine Tailings Pond, Pinggu County, Beijing, China.

The accumulation of tailings from gold mining and smelting may result in PTE pollution. We investigated PTE contamination from a large amalgamated gold mine tailings pond in Pinggu County, Beijing. In November 2017, 30 soil samples were collected around the tailings pond.

[Efficacy and safety of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy for childhood pneumonia: a Meta analysis].

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of vitamin D as an adjuvant therapy for childhood pneumonia through a systematic review.

Methods: Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and Weipu Data were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D as the adjuvant therapy for childhood pneumonia published up to August 2019. Literature screening, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Analysis of the predicting factors of recurrent wheezing in infants.

Background: Clinically, asthma in children under 5 years old is under estimated because lack of diagnostic criteria. The current study was, therefore, designed to identify the predicting factors for recurrent wheezing in infants.

Methods: One hundred forty-five infants under 3-year old hospitalized with respiratory diseases were enrolled into this study.

Phenotypes of the inflammatory cells in the induced sputum from young children or infants with recurrent wheezing.

Background: To identify inflammatory cell types by phenotypic analysis of the inflammatory cells in the induced sputum.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1232 children and infants, who were assigned into mild/moderate groups (326) and severe group (602) by clinical symptom scores. Phenotypes of sputum inflammatory cells were analyzed using liquid-based thin-cytologic test and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) was quantified by ELISA.

[A case report of hypopharyngeal carcinoma with multicentric Castleman disease].

Hypopharyngeal carcinoma is the worst malignant tumor in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, which has the worst prognosis. As the hypopharynx has a rich lymphatic network, cervical lymph node metastasis is very easy to occur. Castleman disease is vascular follicular lymphnode hyperplasia, a rare chronic lymphoproliferative disease of unknown cause.

Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with concomitant acute cerebral infarction in a child: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children, is rarely complicated with acute cerebral infarction.

Patient Concerns: We present a 7-year-old boy with severe M pneumoniae pneumonia who developed impaired consciousness, aphasia, and reduced limb muscle power 7 days postadmission.

Diagnoses: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with concomitant acute cerebral infarction.

Quantitative analysis of breast cancer diagnosis using a probabilistic modelling approach.

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women in most countries of the world. Many computer-aided diagnostic methods have been proposed, but there are few studies on quantitative discovery of probabilistic dependencies among breast cancer data features and identification of the contribution of each feature to breast cancer diagnosis.

Methods: This study aims to fill this void by utilizing a Bayesian network (BN) modelling approach.

Hyperspectral sensing data analysis based on quasiconformal mapping-based multiple kernels learning machine.

Hyperspectral remote sensing has a strong ability of object information expression, so it provides better support for object classification. Many methods are proposed for the hyperspectral data classification. The spectrum classification is a classical nonlinear problem, and a kernel-based machine is feasible to classify the spectrum data.

A study of the relationship between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the gastrointestinal development of rat embryonic and perinatal periods.

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a critical role in directing cell fate during the embryonic development of animals and humans. To investigate the effects of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on gastrointestinal development and differentiation, we studied the expression pattern of β-catenin, a key component of the pathway, in the gastrointestinal tissues of embryonic and perinatal rats. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression levels of β-catenin in Sprague Dawley (SD) rat embryos at days 13, 18 and 21 and in SD rats at 1, 3, 7 and 28 days of age.