BMP4 Regulates EMT to be Involved in non-Syndromic Cleft lip With or Without Palate.

Objective: In the previous study, we identified bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) responsible for non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). We aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of BMP4 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Smad1 signaling pathway to be involved in NSCL/P.

Methods: The human oral epidermoid carcinoma cells (KBs) were transfected with plasmids or small interfering RNA (siRNA) to build the models.

PFOS-induced placental cell growth inhibition is partially mediated by lncRNA H19 through interacting with miR-19a and miR-19b.

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), a persistent environmental pollutant, has been associated with decreased birth weight. The dysregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been implicated in pregnancy complications such as intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), preeclampsia (PE), however, the expression and function of H19 in PFOS-exerted detrimental effects in the placenta remains to be unveiled. Here, we explored the role of H19 in PFOS-induced placental toxicity.

Effects and mechanisms of pyrethroids on male reproductive system.

Synthetic pyrethroids are used as insecticides in agriculture and a variety of household applications worldwide. Pyrethroids are widely distributed in all environmental compartments and the general populations are exposed to pyrethroids through various routes. Pyrethroids have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which are responsible for the male reproductive impairments.

Inhibitory Effects of Cypermethrin on Interactions of the Androgen Receptor with Coactivators ARA70 and ARA55.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-androgenic mechanism of cypermethrin involving coactivators.

Methods: Mammalian two-hybrid assays were performed to study the effects of cypermethrin on interactions of the androgen receptor (AR) with the coactivators androgen receptor-associated protein 70 (ARA70) and androgen receptor-associated protein 55 (ARA55).

Results: The results showed that AR-ARA70 and AR-ARA55 interactions were remarkably enhanced by dihydrotestosterone (DHT, ≤ 0.

Investigation of candidate genes of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate, using both case-control and family-based association studies.

Objective: Non-syndromic cleft of the lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) is one of the most common polygenic diseases. In this study, both case-control and family-based association study were used to confirm whether the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with NSCL/P.

Methods: A total of 37 nuclear families and 189 controls were recruited, whose blood DNA was extracted and subjected to genotyping of SNPs of 27 candidate genes by polymerase chain reaction-improved multiple ligase detection reaction technology (PCR-iMLDR).

The anti-androgenic effects of cypermethrin mediated by non-classical testosterone pathway activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in mouse Sertoli cells.

Previous studies have demonstrated that the anti-androgenic effects of cypermethrin (CYP) are associated with testosterone (T) - related signaling pathway. This study was to investigate the effects of CYP on mouse Sertoli cells (TM4) and clarify whether the mechanisms were mediated by non-classical T signaling pathway activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. The Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and Real-Time Cell Analysis iCELLigence (RTCA-iCELLigence) system were performed to detect the effects of 10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM and 80 μM CYP on the viability and proliferation of TM4.

Targeting YOD1 by RNA Interference Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Human Oral Keratinocytes through Transforming Growth Factor-3 Signaling Pathway.

Objective: We have identified a gene YOD1 encoding deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) responsible for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). We aimed to determine the effects of YOD1 RNA interference (RNAi) on cell proliferation and migration, playing an important role in lip and palate formation, and to clarify whether the mechanisms involved TGF-3 signaling associated with NSCL/P.

Methods: RNAi was applied to construct vectors expressing YOD1 small interference RNAs (siRNAs).

Identification of key genes in cleft lip with or without cleft palate regulated by miR-199a-5p.

Background: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital defects, which etiology involves both genetic and environmental factors. Previous studies have shown that miR-199a-5p may mediate the occurrence of CL/P. However, the key target genes regulated by miR-199a-5p are not clear.

Generation and characterization of a cold-adapted attenuated live H3N2 subtype influenza virus vaccine candidate.

Background: H3N2 subtype influenza A viruses have been identified in humans worldwide, raising concerns about their pandemic potential and prompting the development of candidate vaccines to protect humans against this subtype of influenza A virus. The aim of this study was to establish a system for rescuing of a cold-adapted high-yielding H3N2 subtype human influenza virus by reverse genetics.

Methods: In order to generate better and safer vaccine candidate viruses, a cold-adapted high yielding reassortant H3N2 influenza A virus was genetically constructed by reverse genetics and was designated as rgAA-H3N2.