Analysis of multimorbidity patterns in perimenopausal women based on medical examination data.

Objective: The concurrent presence of multiple chronic diseases, termed multimorbidity, is increasingly prevalent among patients with chronic illnesses. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced in middle-aged women, yet has not received adequate attention. The objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of multimorbidity and its changes over time in perimenopausal women.

Effects of drainage and long-term tillage on greenhouse gas fluxes in a natural wetland: insights from microbial mechanisms.

Background: The conversion of natural wetlands to agricultural land through drainage contributes to 62% of the global wetland loss. Such conversion significantly alters greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, yet the underlying mechanisms of GHG fluxes resulting from drainage and long-term tillage practices remain highly uncertain. In this study, we measured GHG fluxes of a natural reed wetland (referred to as "Wetland") and a drained wetland that used as farmland (referred to as "Dryland").

A panel of miRNAs in the serum extracellular vesicles serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers for MASLD.

The increased prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its profound implications for global health have sparked extensive research endeavors aimed at developing potential diagnostic methods for this condition. Despite the achievements in defining various environmental factors and genetic predispositions linked to MASLD, diagnosis and clinical staging of the disease remain challenging. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered considerable attention owing to their roles in metabolic dysfunctions and their potential as biomarkers for various conditions.

TransRM: Weakly supervised learning of translation-enhancing N6-methyladenosine (mA) in circular RNAs.

As our understanding of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) continues to expand, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that circRNAs can interact with microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins to modulate gene expression. More importantly, a subset of circRNAs has been reported to possess coding potential, enabling them to translate into functional proteins. Recent studies also indicate that the N6-methyladenosine (mA)-modified start codon may function as an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES), influencing the translation of circRNAs.

Protective role of mitophagy on microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory injury through mtDNA-STING signaling in manganese-induced parkinsonism.

Manganese (Mn), the third most abundant transition metal in the earth's crust, has widespread applications in the emerging field of organometallic catalysis and traditional industries. Excessive Mn exposure causes neurological syndrome resembling Parkinson's disease (PD). The pathogenesis of PD is thought to involve microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory injury, with mitochondrial dysfunction playing a role in aberrant microglial activation.

Temporal Trends in the Burden of Diabetes and Its Risk Factors Across the Western Pacific Region Between 1990 and 2044: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Aims: We aimed to assess changes in the burden of diabetes in the Western Pacific region (WPR) between 1990 and 2019, project future trends for 2020-2044, and identify the factors influencing these trends.

Materials And Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 were used to calculate the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardised death rate (ASDR) and age-standardised disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate for diabetes in the region. The Nordpred model was used to predict diabetes-related ASIR and ASDR trends over the next 25 years, and an age-period-cohort (APC) model analysed the effects of age, period and cohort.

Humidity-Responsive Actuator-Based Smart Personal Thermal Management Fabrics Achieved by Solar Thermal Heating and Sweat-Evaporation Cooling.

Personal thermal management (PTM) fabrics with energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness have been rapidly developed in recent years, but it still remains challenging to maintain a favorable body temperature through one cloth in complex and dynamic environments. Herein, we propose an asymmetric fabric for self-adaptive thermal management with the aim of enhancing thermal comfort in outdoor environments. This fabric consists of an electrospun polyamide (PA) fabric and a PPy@MXene coating layer integrated into a kirigami structure.

Optimizing Point-in-Space Continuous Monitoring System Sensor Placement on Oil and Gas Sites.

We propose a generic, modular framework to optimize the placement of point-in-space continuous monitoring system sensors on oil and gas sites aiming to maximize the methane emission detection efficiency. Our proposed framework substantially expands the problem scale compared to previous related studies and can be adapted for different objectives in sensor placement. This optimization framework is comprised of five steps: (1) simulate emission scenarios using site-specific wind and emission information; (2) set possible sensor locations under consideration of the site layout and any site-specific constraints; (3) simulate methane concentrations for each pair of emission scenario and possible sensor location; (4) determine emissions detection based on the site-specific simulated concentrations; and (5) select the best subset of sensor locations, under a given number of sensors to place, using genetic algorithms combined with Pareto optimization.

Profiling Exosomal Metabolomics as a Means for Diagnosis and Researching Early-Stage Hypertensive Nephropathy.

Hypertension (HT) is a prevalent medical condition showing an increasing incidence rate in various populations over recent years. Long-term hypertension increases the risk of the occurrence of hypertensive nephropathy (HTN), which is also a health-threatening disorder. Given that very little is known about the pathogenesis of HTN, this study was designed to identify disease biomarkers, which enable early diagnosis of the disease, through the utilization of high-throughput untargeted metabolomics strategies.

Predictive value of circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 and Klotho on protein-energy wasting in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Background: As a state of metabolic and nutritional derangements, protein-energy wasting (PEW) is highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and Klotho have been proven to contribute to chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Previous evidence suggested that FGF-23 and Klotho may also contribute to the malnutritional status among these patients; however, the inter-relationship between the FGF-23-Klotho axis and PEW remains unclear.

Distribution Characteristics in Clinical Phenotype and Immunohistochemistry of STK11 Adnexal Tumors: Case Report and Narrative Synthesis.

adnexal tumors are recently named tumors of the female adnexal region, associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). There is a lack of studies on the clinical phenotypes of PJS concerning the pathology and molecular characteristics of adnexal tumors. We searched for 781 relevant studies through PubMed and Web of Science, and preliminary statistical and grouping comparisons were made using the screened study data combined with our patient.

Matrine disturbs the eimeria necatrix-induced loop of tuft cell-intestinal stem cell-goblet cell by inactivating IL-13/JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

As sensors in the gut, tuft cells integrate a complex array of luminal signals to regulate the differentiation fate of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which trigger a loop of tuft cell-ISC-goblet cell after parasitic infection. As a plant-derived alkaloid, Matrine plays a prominent role for standardizing ISC functions in Eimeria necatrix (EN)-exposed chicks. In this study, we investigated the modulation effects of Matrine on the specific intestinal epithelial cell loop in EN-exposed chicks in vivo and intestinal organoids (IOs) ex vivo.

Enhancing leuprolide penetration through enterocytes via the ER-Golgi pathway using lipophilic complexation.

Oral delivery of peptide drugs remains one of the most formidable challenges in the frontier of pharmaceutical research. Peptide drugs typically suffer from exceptionally low oral bioavailability, primarily attributed to rigorous enzymatic degradation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, limited ability to traverse the enterocyte barrier, and significant first-pass hepatic metabolism. Absorption of peptide drugs via the lymphatic route could potentially bypass intracellular lysosome degradation and hepatic first-pass metabolism.

Cognitive risk and behaviour related to the effects of mobile phone use on sleep quality: an analysis of data from Chinese college students.

This study assessed the relationships among cognitive risk, phone use behaviors, and sleep quality. We used a questionnaire, which included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), mobile phone use behaviours, and questionnaires on mobile phone use cognitive risk to gather information from 1204 college students. T-test, chi-square test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were applied to test differences in measurement data.

Osthole ameliorates wear particle-induced osteogenic impairment by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress via PERK signaling cascade.

Background: Periprosthetic osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening are the leading causes of failure following total joint arthroplasty. Osteogenic impairment induced by wear particles is regarded as a crucial contributing factor in the development of osteolysis, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress identified as a key underlying mechanism. Therefore, identifying potential therapeutic targets and agents that can regulate ER stress adaption in osteoblasts is necessary for arresting aseptic loosening.

"One-Pot" Synthesized Phosphorus Corrole-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Synergistic Phototherapy and Chemodynamic Therapy.

As a distinctive class of porphyrin derivatives, corroles offer exceptional potential in phototherapy applications owing to their unique electronic structures. However, developing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that incorporate photosensitive corroles as functional ligands for synergistic phototherapy remains a formidable challenge. Herein, for the first time, the unique phosphorus corrole-based MOFs Cor(P)-Hf with (3,18)-connected gea topology are reported, which are constructed by Cs-symmetric dicarboxylate 3-connected linkers, 10-pentafluorophenyl-5,15-di(p-benzoate)phosphorus corrole (Cor(P)), and the peculiar D-symmetric 18-connected Hf-oxo clusters.

Insight into the relationship between cell wall, intracellular starch structure and physicochemical properties of cassava cells from cassava varieties.

Cassava cell flour can expand the food industrial availability of cassava resources. In this study, cassava cells were isolated from eight cassava varieties to analyze the composition, structure, and physicochemical properties. The smaller particle size in CS4 led to the lowest swelling power and viscosity, which further reduced the modulus (G', G") and shear stress of the cassava cell gel.

AI techniques have facilitated the understanding of epitranscriptome distribution.

N-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal mRNA modification in higher eukaryotes, plays diverse roles in cellular regulation. By incorporating both sequence- and genome-derived features, Fan et al. designed a novel Transformer-BiGRU framework that achieves superior performance in computational m6A identification, thus demonstrating the potential of AI in genomic studies.

Potential predictive biomarkers in antitumor immunotherapy: navigating the future of antitumor treatment and immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment modality, offering promising outcomes for various malignancies. However, the efficacy of ICIs varies among patients, highlighting the essential need of accurate predictive biomarkers. This review synthesizes the current understanding of biomarkers for ICI therapy, and discusses the clinical utility and limitations of these biomarkers in predicting treatment outcomes.

Trade-offs among human, animal, and environmental health hinder the uniform progress of global One Health.

The One Health (OH) approach, integrating aspects of human, animal, and environmental health, still lacks robustly quantified insights into its complex relationships. To fill this knowledge gap, we devised a comprehensive assessment scheme for OH to assess its progress, synergies, trade-offs, and priority targets. From 2000 to 2020, we find evidence for global progress toward OH, albeit uneven, with its average score rising from 61.

BMI Interacts with the Genome to Regulate Gene Expression Globally, with Emphasis in the Brain and Gut.

Genome-wide association studies identify common genomic variants associated with disease across a population. Individual environmental effects are often not included, despite evidence that environment mediates genomic regulation of higher order biology. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with complex disorders across clinical specialties, yet has not been modeled as a genomic environment.

Statistical modeling of single-cell epitranscriptomics enabled trajectory and regulatory inference of RNA methylation.

As a fundamental mechanism for gene expression regulation, post-transcriptional RNA methylation plays versatile roles in various biological processes and disease mechanisms. Recent advances in single-cell technology have enabled simultaneous profiling of transcriptome-wide RNA methylation in thousands of cells, holding the promise to provide deeper insights into the dynamics, functions, and regulation of RNA methylation. However, it remains a major challenge to determine how to best analyze single-cell epitranscriptomics data.

Interpretable deep cross networks unveiled common signatures of dysregulated epitranscriptomes across 12 cancer types.

Cancer is a complex and multifaceted group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth that leads to the formation of malignant tumors. Recent studies suggest that N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA methylation plays pivotal roles in cancer pathology by influencing various cellular processes. However, the degree to which these mechanisms are shared across different cancer types remains unclear.