NH release during the snow evaporation process in typical cities in Northeast China.

NH is the most important alkaline gas in the atmosphere and functions as a precursor to secondary ammonium salts. Therefore, identifying its sources and quantifying its emissions is imperative. NH represents a principal component of atmospheric particulate pollutants.

Structural Phase Transitions and Metallization in Zirconium Disulfide (ZrS) under High Pressure.

The high-pressure study on zirconium disulfide (ZrS) has been conducted up to ∼33.9 GPa by using synchrotron X-ray diffraction at room temperature and electrical transport measurements, aiming to investigate the pressure-induced structural phase transitions and the metallization of the material. The experiments indicated that a progressive structural evolution occurs as the sequence below: hexagonal (space group (SG): 3̅) → monoclinic (SG: ) started at 2.

Pressure-Induced Molding of Black Phosphorus@TiCT Composite Electrode and Its Implications on the Lithium Storage.

For the first time, an innovative pressure quenching technique is used to create the integrated electrode of the black phosphorus (BP) @TiCT composite material, doing away with the requirement for adhesive additives and simplifying time-consuming processes. Through the formation of Ti-O-P bonds with BP, TiCT MXenes can function as conductive additives and affect the interlayer gap. Additionally, we have found that there is a critical synthetic pressure threshold (300 kN) at which the performance of BP@TiCT-integrated electrodes can be improved: too high of a pressure prevents lithium-ion transport because of mesopore reduction; too low of a pressure prevents Ti-O-P chemical bond formation between the two components; and suboptimal pressure does not allow for density enhancement for better electron conduction.

A photothermal assisted zinc-air battery cathode based on pyroelectric and photocatalytic effect.

Zinc-air battery as one of the new generations of battery system, its theoretical specific energy is as high as 1086 Wh kg, specific capacity up to 820 mAh/g, and zinc has the advantages of environmental friendliness, resource abundance, low cost and good safety, so it has attracted much attention. However, due to its slow reaction kinetic process, zinc-air battery will produce a large charging overpotential usually up to 2 V, it is far beyond the theoretical voltage of 1.65 V, so reducing the overpotential of zinc-air batteries is extremely necessary, and the most common way to solve this problem is to use excellent catalyst cathode to improve the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution kinetics of zinc-air batteries.

A Cu/MnOx Composite with Copper-Doping-Induced Oxygen Vacancies as a Cathode for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are anticipated to be the next generation of important energy storage devices to replace lithium-ion batteries due to the ongoing use of lithium resources and the safety hazards associated with organic electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries. Manganese-based compounds, including MnOx materials, have prominent places among the many zinc-ion battery cathode materials. Additionally, Cu doping can cause the creation of an oxygen vacancy, which increases the material's internal electric field and enhances cycle stability.

Hydraulic characterization and start-up of a novel circulating flow bio-carriers.

High-quality biofilm carriers are crucial for the formation of biofilm, but problems such as slow biofilm growth on the carrier surface have been troubling a large number of researchers. The addition of a carrier changes the flow state in the reactor, which in turn affects the microbial attachment and the quantity of microorganisms. Also, aerobic microorganisms need to use dissolved oxygen in the water to remove water pollutants.

Research progress of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process based on integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS).

The integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) process is considered one of the cutting-edge solutions to the traditional wastewater treatment challenges, allowing suspended sludge and attached biofilm to grow in the same system. In addition, the coupling of IFAS with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) can further improve the efficiency of biological denitrification. This paper summarises the research progress of IFAS coupled with the anammox process, including partial nitrification anammox, simultaneous partial nitrification anammox and denitrification, and partial denitrification anammox technologies, and describes the factors that limit the development of related processes.

High pressure Raman study of LiClO.

Lithium perchlorate (LiClO), as one of the new high-energy oxidizers, is chosen for high pressure Raman research to gain a better understanding of the structure and stability, which is very important for the performance of an explosive. Raman spectra of LiClO crystal have been measured from ambient to 25.07 GPa with diamond anvil cells (DACs) at room temperature to investigate the structural stability of this system.

Pressure-Engineered TiCT MXene with Enhanced Conductivity and Accelerated Reaction Kinetics of Lithium Storage.

We studied the structure-function relationship of compressed TiCT MXene using high-pressure in situ synchrotron radiation, impedance spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and first-principles calculations. With increasing pressure, the conductivity of TiCT MXene increases along with its continued lattice shrinkage. A pressure range of 0.

Co,N-co-doped graphene sheet as a sulfur host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

To improve the performance of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, herein, based on the idea of designing a material that can adsorb polysulfides and improve the reaction kinetics, a Co,N-co-doped graphene composite (Co-N-G) was prepared. According to the characterization of Co-N-G, there was a homogeneous and dispersed distribution of N and Co active sites embedded in the Co-N-G sample. The 2D sheet-like microstructure and Co, N with a strong binding energy provided significant physical and chemical adsorption functions, which are conducive to the bonding S and suppression of LiPSs.

Raman spectroscopy study of acetonitrile at low temperature.

We report the low-temperature studies of liquid CHCN by Raman spectral measurements at ambient pressure with decreasing the temperature from 20 to -196 °C. Detailed internal modes especially the lattice modes analysis revealed that the structural phase transitions of acetonitrile from liquid to solid phase β and solid phase β to solid phase α were occurring at -50 and -60 °C, respectively. Further, the Fermi resonance parameters between the fundamental ν and combination (ν + ν) of CHCN at different temperatures were calculated based on the Bertran's equations.

Temperature-dependent study of Fermi resonance of CHCN and CHCN---Li complex in CHCN-LiClO mixture by Raman spectroscopy.

The Raman spectra of acetonitrile-LiClO mixture solution have been measured in the temperature range 20 to -196 °C at ambient pressure. Detailed Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed that, in acetonitrile-LiClO mixture solution, the liquid CHCN transformed into solid phase β at approximately -50 °C, and then into solid phase α at approximately -60 °C. Besides, the Fermi resonance parameters of CHCN and CHCN---Li complex at different temperatures were calculated by using the Bertran's equations, respectively.

4-Isopropyl-amino-3-nitro-benzonitrile.

In the title compound, C(10)H(11)N(3)O(2), the nitro group is essentially coplanar with the aromatic ring [dihedral angle = 3.4 (3)°] and forms an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond with the amine group. In the crystal, weak aromatic C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules.

3-Nitro-4-(propyl-amino)-benzonitrile.

In the title compound, C(10)H(11)N(3)O(2), the nitro group is essentially coplanar with the aromatic ring [dihedral angle = 1.3 (3)°] and forms an intra-molecular amine-nitro N-H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, weak inter-molecular aromatic C-H⋯O(nitro) hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules.

2-(4-Hy-droxy-phen-oxy)propanoic acid.

In the title compound, C(9)H(10)O(4), the carboxyl group is oriented at a dihedral angle of 84.6 (3)° with respect to the benzene ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Ethyl 1-[(4-acetyl-2-methoxy-phen-oxy)meth-yl]cyclo-propane-1-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(16)H(20)O(5), the dihedral angle between the planar rings, viz. benzene and cyclo-propane, is 52.1 (2)°.

1-(4-Isopropyl-phen-yl)-5-(4-methoxy-phen-yl)pyrazolidin-3-one.

In the mol-ecule of the title compound, C(19)H(22)N(2)O(2), the pyrazolidinone ring has an envelope conformation, with the C atom attached to the 4-methoxy-phenyl ring displaced by 0.354 (3) Å from the plane of the other ring atoms. The 4-iso-propyl-phenyl ring is oriented with respect to the 4-meth-oxy-phenyl ring at a dihedral angle of 88.