The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, 2023.

The 2023 update of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Clinical Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment in China, reflecting the latest advancements in evidence-based medicine, healthcare resource availability, and precision medicine. These updates address the differences in epidemiological characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor biology, treatment patterns, and drug selections between Eastern and Western gastric cancer patients. Key revisions include a structured template for imaging diagnosis reports, updated standards for molecular marker testing in pathological diagnosis, and an elevated recommendation for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer.

The significance of time interval between perioperative SOX/XELOX chemotherapy and clinical decision model in gastric cancer.

Introduction: To investigate the influences of time interval between multimodality therapies on survival for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) patients, 627 patients were included in a retrospective study, and 350 who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) based on SOX (S-1 plus Oxaliplatin)/XELOX (Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin) treatment, radical surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) from 2005.01 to 2018.06 were eligible for analyses.

A liquid biopsy signature of circulating exosome-derived mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs predict therapeutic efficacy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

At present, there is no validated marker to identify the subpopulation of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) who might benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). In view of this clinical challenge, the identification of non-invasive biomarkers for efficacy prediction of NACT in patients with AGC is imperative. Herein, we aimed to develop a non-invasive, liquid-biopsy-based assay by using an exosome-derived RNAs model based on multi-omics characteristics of RNAs.

Nomogram for predicting the prognosis of tumor patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal surgery.

Background: There were few studies on the prognosis of tumor patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal surgery and there was no relevant nomogram for predicting the prognosis of these patients.

Aim: To establish a nomogram for predicting the prognosis of tumor patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: A total of 303 septic patients after gastrointestinal tumor surgery admitted to the ICU at Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020 were analysed retrospectively.

A Novel Classification and Scoring Method Based on Immune-Related Transcription Factor Regulation Patterns in Gastric Cancer.

Background: Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and anti-tumor immunity. However, the potential role of large-scale transcription factor regulation patterns in the progression in gastric cancer (GC) is unknown.

Methods: We comprehensively assessed the relevance of immune-related TF (IRTF) regulation patterns in anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy in 1,136 gastric cancer (GC) patients, and evaluated the IRTF score based on IRTF regulation patterns using random forests.

Comparison of tumor regression grading systems for locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: Current tumor regression grade (TRG) evaluations are based on various systems which brings confusion for oncologists and pathologists when interpreting results. The recent six-tier system (JGCA2017-TRG) recommended by the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) is worth investigating, as four-tier TRG systems are favored in various parts of the world.

Aim: To compare the predictive accuracies of five published TRG systems.

Exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: functions and clinical applications.

Exosomes are a subpopulation of the tumour microenvironment (TME) that transmit various biological molecules to promote intercellular communication. Exosomes are derived from nearly all types of cells and exist in all body fluids. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are among the most abundant contents in exosomes, and some ncRNAs with biological functions are specifically packaged into exosomes.

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, 2021.

There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor biological characteristics, treatment patterns, and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries. The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) has organized a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer since 2016 and renews it annually. Taking into account regional differences, giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources, these experts have conducted expert consensus judgment on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes in China.

Prognostic predictors in patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal tumor surgery: A retrospective study.

Background: There have been different reports on mortality of sepsis; however, few focus on the prognosis of patients with sepsis after surgery.

Aim: To study the clinical features and prognostic predictors in patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal tumor surgery in intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: We retrospectively screened patients who underwent gastrointestinal tumor surgery at Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019.

Insulin gene enhancer protein 1 mediates glycolysis and tumorigenesis of gastric cancer through regulating glucose transporter 4.

Background: Insulin gene enhancer protein 1, (ISL1), a LIM-homeodomain transcription factor, is involved in multiple tumors and is associated with insulin secretion and metabolic phenotypes. However, the role of ISL1 in stimulating glycolysis to promote tumorigenesis in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. In this study, we aimed to characterize the expression pattern of ISL1 in GC patients and explore its molecular biological mechanism in glycolysis and tumorigenesis.

BTEB2-Activated lncRNA TSPEAR-AS2 Drives GC Progression through Suppressing GJA1 Expression and Upregulating CLDN4 Expression.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are characterized as key layers of the genome in various cancers. TSPEAR-AS2 was highlighted to be a candidate lncRNA potentially involved in gastric cancer (GC) progression. However, the clinical significance and mechanism of TSPEAR-AS2 in GC required clarification.

Health economic evaluation of patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal tumor surgery-a cost consequences analysis in China.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health economics of patients with sepsis after gastrointestinal tumor operation in ICU.

Methods: This case-control study used 1:1 propensity-score (PS) matched method and patients were matched according to tumor type, age and gender. The study group was composed of 181 patients with sepsis after operation of gastrointestinal tumor in ICU, while the control group was composed of 181 patients without sepsis after operation of gastrointestinal tumor.

Reappraise role of No. 10 lymphadenectomy for proximal gastric cancer in the era of minimal invasive surgery during total gastrectomy: a pooled analysis of 4 prospective trial.

Background: For patients with locally advanced proximal gastric cancer (LAPGC), the individualized selection of patients with highly suspected splenic hilar (No. 10) lymph node (LN) metastasis to undergo splenic hilar lymphadenectomy, is a clinical dilemma. This study aimed to re-evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymphadenectomy (LSPSHL) and to identify the population who would benefit from it.

Strategies and recommendations for the management of gastrointestinal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience shared by Chinese surgeons.

Novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an ongoing public-health pandemic worldwide. Although SARS-CoV-2 has been known to spread primarily through respiratory droplets, recent evidence also supports fecal/oral as an additional route of transmission, raising concerns over gastrointestinal (GI) transmission of the infection. Herein, we, as the front-line Chinese GI surgeons, would like to share our experience and lessons in the combat against COVID-19.

Patient-derived tumor-like cell clusters for drug testing in cancer therapy.

Several patient-derived tumor models emerged recently as robust preclinical drug-testing platforms. However, their potential to guide clinical therapy remained unclear. Here, we report a model called patient-derived tumor-like cell clusters (PTCs).

Development and validation of a deep learning system for ascites cytopathology interpretation.

Background: Early diagnosis of Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is clinically significant regarding optimal treatment selection and avoidance of unnecessary surgical procedures. Cytopathology plays an important role in early screening of PM. We aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) system to achieve intelligent cytopathology interpretation, especially in ascites cytopathology.

Short- and Long-Term Outcomes after Laparoscopic Versus Open Gastrectomy for Elderly Gastric Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

With the rapid aging of global population, the number of elderly patients with gastric cancer is increasing. This study aimed to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes after laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) versus open gastrectomy (OG) in elderly gastric cancer patients. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library databases from January 1994 to May 2019.

Diffusion kurtosis imaging in the prediction of poor responses of locally advanced gastric cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the prediction of the treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).

Methods: A total of 31 LAGC patients were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients underwent diffusion-weighted MRI examination (with b = 0, 200, 500, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000 s/mm, the subscript denotes the number of signal averages) before and after chemotherapy.

Four-Point Computed Tomography Scores for Evaluation of Occult Peritoneal Metastasis in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Region-to-Region Comparison with Staging Laparoscopy.

Background: Preoperative diagnosis of peritoneal metastasis with gastric cancer remains challenging. This study explored the abnormal computed tomography (CT) signs of occult peritoneal metastasis (OPM) and evaluated it by region-to-region comparison using staging laparoscopy, from which a 4-point CT score system was developed.

Methods: Patients with advanced gastric cancer (stage cT ≥ 2M0) diagnosed by CT were enrolled in the study.

Safety and feasibility of laparoscopic spleen-preserving No. 10 lymph node dissection for locally advanced upper third gastric cancer: a prospective, multicenter clinical trial.

Background: Previous retrospective studies have shown that laparoscopic spleen-preserving D2 total gastrectomy (LSTG) for advanced upper third gastric cancer (AUTGC) is safe. However, all previous studies were underpowered. We therefore conducted a prospective, multicenter study to evaluate the technical safety and feasibility of LSTG for patients with AUTGC.

Phosphoglucose isomerase gene expression as a prognostic biomarker of gastric cancer.

Objective: Tumor heterogeneity renders identification of suitable biomarkers of gastric cancer (GC) challenging. Here, we aimed to identify prognostic genes of GC using computational analysis.

Methods: We first used microarray technology to profile gene expression of GC and paired nontumor tissues from 198 patients.

Distinct downstream signaling and the roles of VEGF and PlGF in high glucose-mediated injuries of human retinal endothelial cells in culture.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) plays a crucial role in breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier due to hyperpermeability in diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the distinct signaling driven by VEGF and PlGF in the pathogenesis of DR remains unclear. In this study, we investigated VEGF- and PlGF- related signaling pathways and their roles in cultured human microvascular retinal endothelial cells (hRECs) under high glucose conditions (HG; 25 mM).

Prognostic significance of preoperative skeletal muscle status in patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.

Background And Objectives: The association between skeletal muscle status and gastric cancer (GC) prognosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of the skeletal muscle index (SMI) on overall survival (OS) in GC patients after radical gastrectomy.

Methods And Study Design: We divided 178 patients into four groups: adult men, adult women, elderly men and elderly women.

The novel lncRNA p4516 acts as a prognostic biomarker promoting gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.

Emerging evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in oncogenesis and tumor progression. We previously found a novel lncRNA p4516 which was closely associated with prognosis by preliminary study of lncRNA expression profile from paired tumors and nontumor tissues in 198 gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, the exact biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms of p4516 in gastric tumorigenesis still remain unclear.

Effectiveness of fibrin sealant as hemostatic technique in accelerating ESD-induced ulcer healing: a retrospective study.

Objectives: Healing of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)-induced ulcer is critical for patient recovery. During ESD treatment, submucosal incisions are made with an electrosurgical knife to accomplish en bloc resections of superficial lesions. Nevertheless, excess electrocoagulation may decrease the blood supply of ESD-induced ulcer and delay the ulcer healing.