Intrathecal or intraventricular antimicrobial therapy for post-neurosurgical Gram-negative bacillary meningitis or ventriculitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Extensively-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (XDR GNB)-related post-neurosurgical infection is closely related to mortality, which represents a major challenge for neurosurgeons. There is an urgent need to review and evaluate methods to reduce mortality.

Methods: Both international and Chinese databases were searched independently from their inception to 15 June 2023.

Laser-Activatable In Situ Vaccine Enhances Cancer-Immunity Cycle.

The immune response in cancer reflects a series of carefully regulated events; however, current tumor immunotherapies typically address a single key aspect to enhance anti-tumor immunity. In the present study, a nanoplatform (Fe O @IR820@CpG)-based immunotherapy strategy that targets the multiple key steps in cancer-immunity cycle is developed: 1) promotes the release of tumor-derived proteins (TDPs), including tumor-associated antigens and pro-immunostimulatory factors), in addition to the direct killing effect, by photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT); 2) captures the released TDPs and delivers them, together with CpG (a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist) to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to promote antigen presentation and T cell activation; 3) enhances the tumor-killing ability of T cells by combining with anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody (α-PD-L1), which collectively advances the outstanding of the anti-tumor effects on colorectal, liver and breast cancers. The broad-spectrum anti-tumor activity of Fe O @IR820@CpG with α-PD-L1 demonstrates that optimally manipulating anti-cancer immunity not singly but as a group provides promising clinical strategies.

Novel pyrimidin-4-one derivatives as potential T3SS inhibitors against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.

Background: Cruciferous black rot is caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) infection and is a widespread disease worldwide. Excessive and repeated use of bactericide is an important cause of the development of bacterial resistance.

Over-expression of programmed death-ligand 1 and programmed death-1 on antigen-presenting cells as a predictor of organ dysfunction and mortality during early sepsis: a prospective cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the changes of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and evaluate their association with organ failure and mortality during early sepsis.

Methods: In total, 40 healthy controls and 198 patients with sepsis were included in this study. Peripheral blood was collected within the first 24 h after the diagnosis of sepsis.

Prenylated xanthones with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects from the pericarp of .

Two new prenylated xanthones, mangoxanthones A-B (-), together with four known compounds -, were isolated from the ethanol extract of the pericarp of . The structures of these compounds have been elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis. The analysis results of chiral HPLC revealed compounds and were scalemic mixtures respectively.

Effect of neutrophil CD64 for diagnosing sepsis in emergency department.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) as a novel biomarker in sepsis patients.

Methods: One hundred fifty-one adult patients diagnosed with sepsis and 20 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Patients with sepsis were further subdivided into a sepsis group and a septic shock group.

Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota of Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio) Associated with Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) Infection.

Gut microbiota are integral to the host, and have received increased attention in recent years. However, information regarding the intestinal microbiota of many aquaculture animals is insufficient; elucidating the dynamics of the intestinal microbiota can be beneficial for nutrition, immunity, and disease control. In this study, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to observe changes in the intestinal microbiota of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) associated with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) infection.

[Soil methanotrophic community structure and diversity in different vegetation types at elevation gradient of Gongga Mountain, Southwest China].

Methane (CH) is the second abundant greenhouse gas. Aerobic methane oxidations of topsoil in forest are identified as an important sink of atmosphere methane, playing critical roles in carbon cycle and global warming alleviation. Comparing the community structure and diversity of methane oxidizing bacteria (MOBs) in different vegetation ecosystems could provide new insights into the relationships between vegetation types and community of MOBs.

Novel synthesis of a versatile magnetic adsorbent derived from corncob for dye removal.

Corncob, an agricultural waste, was successfully converted into a novel magnetic adsorbent by a low-temperature hydrothermal method (453K), including carbonization under saline conditions and magnetization using iron (III) salt. The resultant magnetic carbonaceous adsorbent (MCA) exhibited a porous structure with a higher specific surface area and more oxygen-containing functional groups than its carbonaceous precursor (CP), which can be attributed to the catalytic effect of Fe (III). The adsorption behaviors of both MCA and CP could be described well by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order model.