Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution has emerged as a pressing concern due to its deleterious impacts on both plant physiology and human well-being. Silicon (Si) is renowned for its ability to mitigate excessive Cd accumulation within plant cells and reduce the mobility of Cd in soil, whereas Selenium (Se) augments plant antioxidant capabilities and promotes rhizosphere microbial activity. However, research focusing on the simultaneous utilization of Si and Se to ameliorate plant Cd toxicity through multiple mechanisms within the plant-rhizosphere remains comparatively limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is recommended by major guidelines for the removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones but is technically challenging in patients with low cardiopulmonary reserve and anatomic abnormalities of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Purpose To compare percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation (PTPBD) with ERCP for CBD stone removal. Materials and Methods Participants with one to three CBD stones (largest stone ≤30 mm) and without intrahepatic bile duct or gallbladder stones were eligible for this prospective cohort study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report for the first time that the imidate radical can be efficiently added to glycals to generate glycosyl radicals, based on which a general, toxic-reagent-free synthesis of -glycosides of 2-deoxy-2-amino sugars has been developed. Complementary to previous strategies, the reaction is 1,2--stereoselective and could use aryl alkenes as substrates. The late-stage functionalization and density functional theory calculations are reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStereoselectively-fluorinated analogs of pipecolic acid have been investigated through a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Three of the four possible diastereoisomers of 4,5-difluoropipecolic acid were successfully synthesized via deoxyfluorination chemistry, navigating a complex reaction network that included neighboring group participation, rearrangement, and elimination pathways. A DFT-based conformational study, supported by NMR J-based analysis, revealed that the different diastereoisomers of 4,5-difluoropipecolic acid preferentially adopt different puckers of the six-membered ring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic value of 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (3D-TOF-MRA) in trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Relevant studies were identified by computerized database searches supplemented by manual search strategies. The studies were included in accordance with stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize microwave-assisted FeCl(3) pretreatment conditions of rice straw with respect to FeCl(3) concentration, microwave intensity, irradiation time and substrate concentration. When rice straw was pretreated at the optimal conditions of FeCl(3) concentration, 0.14 mol/L; microwave intensity, 160°C; irradiation time, 19 min; substrate concentration, 109 g/L; and inoculated with Trichoderma viride and Bacillus pumilus, the production of reducing sugars was 6.
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