Charitable crowdfunding donation-intention estimation depending on emotional project images using fNIRS-based functional connectivity.

Charitable fundraising increasingly relies on online crowdfunding platforms. Project images of charitable crowdfunding use emotional appeals to promote helping behavior. Negative emotions are commonly used to motivate helping behavior because the image of a happy child may not motivate donors to donate as willingly.

Inter-Brain Synchrony Pattern Investigation on Triadic Board Game Play-Based Social Interaction: An fNIRS Study.

Recent advances in functional neuroimaging techniques, including methodologies such as fNIRS, have enabled the evaluation of inter-brain synchrony (IBS) induced by interpersonal interactions. However, the social interactions assumed in existing dyadic hyperscanning studies do not sufficiently emulate polyadic social interactions in the real world. Therefore, we devised an experimental paradigm that incorporates the Korean folk board game "Yut-nori" to reproduce social interactions that emulate social activities in the real world.

Forecasting Unplanned Purchase Behavior under Buy-One Get-One-Free Promotions Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

It is very important for consumers to recognize their wrong shopping habits such as unplanned purchase behavior (UPB). The traditional methods used for measuring the UPB in qualitative and quantitative studies have some drawbacks because of human perception and memory. We proposed a UPB identification methodology applied with the brain-computer interface technique using a support vector machine (SVM) along with a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Brain-computer interface to predict impulse buying behavior using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

As the rate of vaccination against COVID-19 is increasing, demand for overseas travel is also increasing. Despite people's preference for duty-free shopping, previous studies reported that duty-free shopping increases impulse buying behavior. There are also self-reported tools to measure their impulse buying behavior, but it has the disadvantage of relying on the human memory and perception.

Subdividing Stress Groups into Eustress and Distress Groups Using Laterality Index Calculated from Brain Hemodynamic Response.

A stress group should be subdivided into eustress (low-stress) and distress (high-stress) groups to better evaluate personal cognitive abilities and mental/physical health. However, it is challenging because of the inconsistent pattern in brain activation. We aimed to ascertain the necessity of subdividing the stress groups.

Inter-Brain Synchrony Levels According to Task Execution Modes and Difficulty Levels: An fNIRS/GSR Study.

Hyperscanning is a brain imaging technique that measures brain synchrony caused by social interactions. Recent research on hyperscanning has revealed substantial inter-brain synchrony (IBS), but little is known about the link between IBS and mental workload. To study this link, we conducted an experiment consisting of button-pressing tasks of three different difficulty levels for the cooperation and competition modes with 56 participants aged 23.

Effect of Oxygen Vacancy on the Conduction Modulation Linearity and Classification Accuracy of PrCaMnO Memristor.

An amorphous PrCaMnO (PCMO) film was grown on a TiN/SiO/Si (TiN-Si) substrate at 300 °C and at an oxygen pressure (OP) of 100 mTorr. This PCMO memristor showed typical bipolar switching characteristics, which were attributed to the generation and disruption of oxygen vacancy (OV) filaments. Fabrication of the PCMO memristor at a high OP resulted in nonlinear conduction modulation with the application of equivalent pulses.

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) on Cognitive-Motor Dual Control Skills.

This randomized crossover study investigated whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefontal cortex (dlPFC) modulates memory-guided finger isometric maintenance during single motor and dual cognitive-motor tasks, based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Twenty-three healthy participants (14 female; age = 29.130 years,  = 10.

Improvement in Recovery of Hemodynamic Responses by Extended Kalman Filter With Non-Linear State-Space Model and Short Separation Measurement.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the noise reduction in the hemodynamic responses, obtained by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), using the proposed extended Kalman filter (EKF) with a non-linear state-space model, aided by the short separation (SS) measurement.

Methods: The authors used the simulated data by adding the synthetic hemodynamic response function (HRF) to the multi-distance four-channel fNIRS signals obtained during the resting state. EKF was used to estimate the non-linear state-space model designed based on the Balloon model.

Process-specific analysis in episodic memory retrieval using fast optical signals and hemodynamic signals in the right prefrontal cortex.

Objective: Memory is formed by the interaction of various brain functions at the item and task level. Revealing individual and combined effects of item- and task-related processes on retrieving episodic memory is an unsolved problem because of limitations in existing neuroimaging techniques. To investigate these issues, we analyze fast and slow optical signals measured from a custom-built continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-fNIRS) system.

Open Access Dataset for EEG+NIRS Single-Trial Classification.

We provide an open access dataset for hybrid brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) using electroencephalography (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). For this, we con-ducted two BCI experiments (left vs. right hand motor imagery; mental arithmetic vs.

Improvement of the chromatic dispersion tolerance in coherent optical OFDM systems using shifted DFT windows for ultra-long-haul optical transmission systems.

In a high-capacity ultra-long-haul optical coherent orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) system, the dispersion tolerance is determined by the length of cyclic extension (CE). In this paper, we propose a novel scheme to substantially improve the dispersion tolerance of CO-OFDM systems without increasing the CE length. Multiple time-shifted discrete Fourier transform (DFT) windows are exploited at the receiver, each demodulating only a part of the subcarriers.

Multiclass classification of hemodynamic responses for performance improvement of functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based brain-computer interface.

We improved the performance of a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based brain-computer interface based on relatively short task duration and multiclass classification. A custom-built eight-channel fNIRS system was used over the motor cortex areas in both hemispheres to measure the hemodynamic responses evoked by four different motor tasks (overt execution of arm lifting and knee extension for both sides) instead of finger tapping. The hemodynamic responses were classified using the naive Bayes classifier.

10 Gbps WDM transmission performance limits using in-line SOAs and an optical phase conjugator based on four-wave mixing in SOAs as a mid-span spectral inversion technique.

We have theoretically investigated the transmission performance limits of all semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA)-based 10 Gb/s wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems using in-line SOAs and an optical phase conjugator (OPC) based on four-wave mixing in SOAs as a mid-span spectral inversion technique. With a verified numerical model of SOAs, we have found that the crosstalk from SOAs in OPC is a dominant factor to limit the number of channels in WDM systems. In order to increase the available number of channels, we optimize the input optical power and the injection current to SOAs in OPC with using a reservoir channel in in-line SOAs.

Improvement of dispersion tolerance for electrical-binary-signal-based duobinary transmitters.

We present a way to improve the dispersion tolerance of an electrical-binary-signal-based duobinary transmitter, implemented by using a dual-arm Mach-Zehnder modulator driven with two complementary binary signals. Successful transmission over 200 km of single- mode fiber is achieved by optimizing the relative time delay between the binary signals and the driving voltage.