Dosing Strategy of Ramosetron to Prevent Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting and Development of Prediction Models Using Data Obtained From Randomized Controlled Trials: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: The study aimed to compare the postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) preventive effect of repeated administration of ramosetron with the standard treatment group and compare models to predict the incidence of PONV using machine-learning techniques.

Methods: A total of 261 patients scheduled for breast surgery were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of repeated intravenous administration of ramosetron. All patients were administered 0.

Assessment of explicit and implicit memories during remimazolam anaesthesia using the process dissociation procedure: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Memory formation during remimazolam anaesthesia, where a bispectral index (BIS) is sometimes not maintained at less than 60 despite the maximal dose, is worthy of evaluation.

Objective: Investigate the formation of explicit and implicit memories using the process dissociation procedure during remimazolam anaesthesia at a BIS of 60 to 80.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Frequency and characteristics of patients with bispectral index values of 60 or higher during the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia with remimazolam.

In Korea, the approved anesthetic regimen of remimazolam starts with 6 mg/kg/h or 12 mg/kg/h until loss of consciousness, followed by maintenance at 1-2 mg/kg/h. Some patients receiving remimazolam for general anesthesia experience occasional difficulty maintaining bispectral index (BIS) value ˂ 60. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the data from patients undergoing elective surgery under remimazolam based-general anesthesia to determine the frequency and physical characteristics of patients with BIS values ˂ 60.

Effect-site concentration of remimazolam at loss and recovery of responsiveness during general anesthesia: a simulation study.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect-site concentration (Ce) of remimazolam at loss of response (LOR) and recovery of response (ROR) in patients underwent general anesthesia using simulation. In addition, the relationships between patient's factors and simulated Ce at LOR and ROR were examined.

Methods: The medical records of 81 patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia using remimazolam with simulation of Ce between August 4, 2021 and October 12, 2021, were retrospectively reviewed.

The expected advantage of administering prophylactic antibiotics using target- concentration controlled infusion: Development of a new pharmacokinetic model of cefazolin.

The aim of this study was to explore the utility of target-concentration controlled infusion (TCI) as a prophylactic antibiotic administration method based on the results of a population pharmacokinetic model of cefazolin. In patients undergoing elective gastric surgery, 2 g of cefazolin was dissolved in 50 mL of saline and administered for 10 min prior to skin incision. Arterial blood samples were obtained at preset intervals to measure the total and free plasma concentrations of cefazolin.

Development of a new pharmacokinetic model for target-concentration controlled infusion of vancomycin in critically ill patients.

The aim of this prospective study was to construct a new pharmacokinetic model of vancomycin for target-concentration controlled infusion (TCI). As the first loading dose, 25 mg/kg of vancomycin was administered during 60-90 min. Arterial blood samples were obtained at pre-set intervals to measure the serum concentrations of vancomycin.

Impact of Sarcopenia on Acute Kidney Injury after Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery: A Propensity Matching Analysis.

Background: Sarcopenia contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). However, few reports have demonstrated whether sarcopenia would affect the development of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in these patients. This study aimed to examine whether sarcopenia is associated with AKI and morbidity and mortality after infrarenal AAA operation.

Association of Preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) has been reported to be associated with postoperative complications and prognosis in cancer surgery. However, few studies have evaluated the association between preoperative PNI and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in colorectal cancer patients. This study evaluated association of preoperative PNI and postoperative AKI in patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery.

Development of a new pharmacokinetic model for target-concentration controlled infusion of cefoxitin as a prophylactic antibiotic in colorectal surgical patients.

Aims: There are several limitations to the existing method of administering cefoxitin as a prophylactic antibiotic, and the limitations may be overcome by applying the target-concentration controlled infusion (TCI) method. Population pharmacokinetic parameters are required to administer cefoxitin by the TCI method. The aim of this study was to construct a new pharmacokinetic model of cefoxitin for the TCI method in colorectal surgical patients.

Comparison of the Effects of Laparoscopic and Open Surgery on Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Propensity Score Analysis.

Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication that increases patient morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of laparoscopic surgery on postoperative AKI. This study compared the incidence of postoperative AKI between laparoscopic and open surgery in patients with colorectal cancer.

Performance of the Surgical Pleth Index and Analgesia Nociception Index in Healthy Volunteers and Parturients.

Various commercially available nociception devices have been developed to quantify intraoperative pain. The Surgical Pleth Index (SPI) and Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) are among the analgesic indices that have been widely used for the evaluation of surgical patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of the SPI and ANI in conscious healthy volunteers and parturients.

Population pharmacokinetic analysis of ropivacaine extended-release from a temperature-responsive hydrogel in rats.

Therapeutic agents with a short half-life need to be administered frequently to achieve sustained and effective concentrations. This could be accomplished using sustained drug delivery technology. PF-72 (TGel Bio, Inc.

Do epoch lengths of hypnotic depth indicators affect estimated of blood-brain equilibration rate constants of propofol?

This study aimed to investigate the effect of epoch length of hypnotic depth indicators on the blood-brain equilibration rate constant (k) estimates of propofol. Propofol was administered by zero-order infusion (1.5, 3.

Performance of the MP570T pulse oximeter in volunteers participating in the controlled desaturation study: a comparison of seven probes.

Background: The performance of the pulse oximeter was evaluated based on the ISO 80601-2-61:2011 (E) guidelines. This study aimed to determine whether the various finger probes of the MP570T pulse oximeter (MEK-ICS Co., Ltd.

Quantitative analysis of the effect of fraction of inspired oxygen on peripheral oxygen saturation in healthy volunteers.

Background: The international organization for standardization (ISO) 80601-2-61 dictates that the accuracy of a pulse oximeter should be assessed by a controlled desaturation study. We aimed to characterize the relationship between the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) using a turnover model by retrospectively analyzing the data obtained from previous controlled desaturation studies.

Materials And Methods: Each volunteer was placed in a semi-Fowler's position and connected to a breathing circuit to administer the hypoxic gas mixture containing medical air, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide.

Population-based volume kinetics of crystalloids and colloids in healthy volunteers.

We characterized the volume kinetics of crystalloid solutions (Ringer's lactate solution and 5% dextrose water) and colloid solutions (6% tetrastarch and 10% pentastarch) by nonlinear mixed-effects modeling in healthy volunteers. We also assessed whether the bioelectrical impedance analysis parameters are significant covariates for volume kinetic parameters. Twelve male volunteers were randomly allocated to four groups, and each group received the four fluid solutions in specified sequences, separated by 1-week intervals to avoid any carryover effects.

Evaluation of Surgical Pleth Index and Analgesia Nociception Index as surrogate pain measures in conscious postoperative patients: an observational study.

We evaluated the performance of the Surgical Plethysmographic Index (SPI) and the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) as surrogate pain measures and determined their respective cut-off values for detecting pain in conscious postoperative patients. In total, 192 patients after elective surgery were enrolled. Baseline SPI and ANI data were acquired for 10 min in the operating room prior to surgery when the patients rated their pain as 0 on the numerical rating scale (NRS).

Effect of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program on pancreaticoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study aims to investigate the noninferiority of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: In this single-center trial, we randomly assigned 276 adult patients who underwent open PD into ERAS and conventional groups with 138 patients in each, from 2015 through 2017. The primary endpoint was the incidence of overall morbidity until postoperative 3 months.

Impact of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Conducted in Living Kidney Donors on Renal Function in Donors and Recipients Following Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Although remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been shown to have renoprotective effects, few studies have assessed the effects of RIPC on renal function in living kidney donors. This study investigated whether RIPC performed in living kidney donors could improve residual renal function in donors and outcomes in recipients following kidney transplantation. The donors were randomized into a control group ( = 85) and a RIPC group ( = 85).

Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the Influence of Propofol on Left Ventricular Long-Axis Systolic Performance in Cardiac Surgical Patients.

Background: Propofol induced a decline in the left ventricular (LV) systolic performance in non-cardiac surgery. We tested the hypothesis that propofol decreased the LV contractile function by dose dependent manner in cardiac surgery patients.

Methods: Anesthesia was maintained with target-controlled infusions of propofol and remifentanil in cardiac surgery patients.

Impact of the serum albumin level on acute kidney injury after cerebral artery aneurysm clipping.

Background: Although hypoalbuminemia is a known risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) following surgery, little is known about its effects following aneurysm clipping surgery. We aimed to investigate the predictors of AKI and overall mortality and assessed the relationship between preoperative albumin and postoperative outcomes after aneurysm clipping surgery.

Methods: This study included 2,339 patients who underwent aneurysm clipping surgery.

Association of preoperative hypoalbuminemia with postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE Hypoalbuminemia is known to be independently associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little is known about the association between the preoperative serum albumin level and postoperative AKI in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery. The authors investigated the incidence of AKI, impact of preoperative serum albumin level on postoperative AKI, and death in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery.

Cystatin-C is associated with partial recovery of kidney function and progression to chronic kidney disease in living kidney donors: Observational study.

Donor nephrectomy in living-donor kidney transplantation may result in hyperfiltration injury in remnant kidney; however, its clinical implication in partial recovery of kidney function (PRKF) in remnant kidney and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the effect of PRKF on CKD development in the residual kidney and the utility of cystatin-C (Cys-C) in evaluating renal function in living-donor kidney transplantation donors.The electronic medical records and laboratory results of 1648 kidney transplant (KT) donors and 13,834 healthy nondonors between January 2006 and November 2014 were reviewed.

Usefulness of the maximum rate of pressure rise in the central and peripheral arteries after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric congenital heart surgery: A retrospective analysis.

The maximum rate of pressure rise (dP/dtmax) in radial artery has been proposed as a noninvasive surrogate of aortic dp/dtmax, reflecting left ventricular (LV) contractility in children. The aim of this study was to investigate relationship between aortic and radial dp/dtmax at weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and usefulness of these indices for estimating postoperative outcomes in pediatric congenital heart surgery.Aortic and radial arterial pressure waveforms were analyzed simultaneously during weaning from CPB in 29 congenital heart surgery.