[Potential pathways for traditional Chinese medicine intervention in diabetic kidney disease: macrophage polarization].

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD) is a prevalent and severe microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Chronic microinflammation is an important factor exacerbating renal tissue damage in DKD individuals. Macrophages play a crucial role in immune-inflammatory responses, and they can transiently and reversibly polarize into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype based on microenvironmental differences.

[Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating autophagy for intervening in diabetic cardiomyopathy].

Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus that leads to cardiac damage in the later stages of the disease, and its pathogenesis is complex, involving metabolic disorders brought about by a variety of aberrant alterations such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, defects in cardiomyocyte Ca~(2+) transporter, and myocardial fibrosis. Currently, there is a lack of specific diagnosis and treatment in the clinic. Autophagy is a highly conserved scavenging mechanism that removes proteins, damaged organelles or foreign contaminants and converts them into energy and amino acids to maintain the stability of the intracellular environment.

[Research progress of traditional Chinese medicines and active ingredients targeting M1/M2 macrophage polarization balance in intervening obese with type 2 diabetes].

Type 2 diabetes(T2DM) is a metabolic disorder marked by glucose toxicity, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, and other pathological manifestations, representing a pressing global health concern. Obesity stands out as a pivotal risk factor for T2DM development. When combined with T2DM, obesity exacerbates insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities.

[Role of macrophage polarization in hypertension and traditional Chinese medicine intervention: a review].

Hypertension is known to be a chronic inflammatory state and a key risk factor for heart failure, coronary heart disease, and atherosclerosis. Macrophages in the circulatory system are the main cell group that constitutes the immune system and participates in the inflammatory response. Depending on the local microenvironment, macrophages can be polarized into pro-inflammatory(M1) and anti-inflammatory(M2) phenotypes.

[Potential targets for traditional Chinese medicine treatment of chronic inflammation in obesity: macrophage polarization].

Obesity has been identified as a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and a key risk factor for diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and malignancies, and has become an urgent global health burden. Adipose tissue macrophages play a significant role in adipose immune homeostasis and inflammatory responses. Under different conditions, they can be polarized into pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.

Silk Fibroin Improves the Biological Properties of Egg White-Based Bioink for the Bioprinting of Tissue Engineering Materials.

Egg white (EW) is a common nutritious food with excellent heat gelation and biocompatibility, but its application in biomaterials is considerably limited. Silk fibroin (SF) is a protein-based fiber with both excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, and its application in biomaterials has attracted much attention. Here, the EW/SF composite scaffold was first synthesized with GMA-modified EW/SF composite bioink (G-EW/SF).

Mechanically Robust Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Egg White Composite Hydrogel with Enhancing Biocompatibility by Unidirectional Nanopore Dehydration.

A simple and green method, unidirectional nanopore dehydration (UND), directly processes 10% poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aqueous solution containing 20% egg white (EW) into a composite hydrogel membrane (PVA-EW). The tensile strength and elongation of the UND-based PVA-EW at 25 °C were 0.91 MPa and 534.

[Network Meta-analysis of Qi-supplementing and Yin-nourishing Chinese patent medicines in treatment of early diabetic nephropathy].

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Qi-supplementing and Yin-nourishing Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy(DN) by network Meta-analysis to explore the Chinese patent medicine with optimal efficacy and provide references for preventing renal deterioration and delaying the progression of early DN. Eight databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were searched for clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Qi-supplementing and Yin-nourishing Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of early DN. After the literature mee-ting the inclusion criteria was screened, the quality of the literature was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and network Meta-analysis was performed using the BUGSnet package in R 4.

Spatio-Temporal Variation in the Phyllospheric Microbial Biodiversity of -Infected Tobacco Foliage.

Phyllospheric microbial composition of tobacco ( L.) is contingent upon certain factors, such as the growth stage of the plant, leaf position, and cultivar and its geographical location, which influence, either directly or indirectly, the growth, overall health, and production of the tobacco plant. To better understand the spatiotemporal variation of the community and the divergence of phyllospheric microflora, procured from healthy and diseased tobacco leaves infected by , the current study employed microbe culturing, high-throughput technique, and BIOLOG ECO.

Sesquiterpenoids from the leaves of Sarcandra glabra.

Sarglanoids A-F, six new sesquiterpenoids belonging to eudesmane (1-5) and eremophilane (6) types, were isolated from the leaves of Sarcandra glabra, a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1-2 were rare N-containing eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids.

Silk Protein Composite Bioinks and Their 3D Scaffolds and In Vitro Characterization.

This paper describes the use of silk protein, including fibroin and sericin, from an alkaline solution of Ca(OH) for the clean degumming of silk, which is neutralized by sulfuric acid to create calcium salt precipitation. The whole sericin (WS) can not only be recycled, but completely degummed silk fibroin (SF) is also obtained in this process. The inner layers of sericin (ILS) were also prepared from the degummed silk in boiling water by 120 °C water treatment.

[Case control study on anatomical locking plate and ordinary steel plate for the treatment of closed calcaneal fracture with SandersⅡand Ⅲ].

Objective: To compare clinical efficacy between anatomical locking plate (ALP) and ordinary steel plate (OSP) in treating closed calcaneal fractures with SandersⅡ and Ⅲ.

Methods: From May 2016 to May 2018, 68 patients with closed Sanders typeⅡ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures were retrospectively analyzed, and were divided into anatomical locking plate group (ALP group) and ordinary steel plate group (OSP group) according to two kinds of plate fixation, and 34 patients in each group. In ALP group, there were 21 males and 13 females aged from 20 to 63 years old with average of (35.

Dual energy computed tomography for detection of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Regional lymph node metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not uncommon, and is often under- or misdiagnosed. Regional lymph node metastasis is associated with a negative prognosis in patients with HCC, and surgical resection of lymph node metastasis is considered feasible and efficacious in improving the survival and prognosis. It is critical to characterize lymph node preoperatively.

Discovery of antifungal constituents from the Miao medicinal plant Isodon flavidus.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Leigong Mountain is an area in the Southwest of China where there is a high incidence rate of athlete's foot, but the Miao people, a Chinese minority who reside in this mountainous area have suffered less from this disease due to their use of the herbal medicine Isodon flavidus (Hand.-Mazz.) H.

Henrin A: A New Anti-HIV Ent-Kaurane Diterpene from Pteris henryi.

Henrin A (1), a new ent-kaurane diterpene, was isolated from the leaves of Pteris henryi. The chemical structure was elucidated by analysis of the spectroscopic data including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra, and was further confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The compound was evaluated for its biological activities against a panel of cancer cell lines, dental bacterial biofilm formation, and HIV.

[Correlation between endogenous harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke and chemical constituents in tobacco leaves].

Correlation analysis between main chemical constituents of tobacco leaves and endogenous harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke was conducted. Leaf stalk positions exhibited a high relation with endogenous harmful components and hazard index (H). Upper stalk position leaves had greater release of 1-butanone,4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridinyl)-(NNK), B[a]P, HCN, NH3 and phenol in mainstream cigarette smoke, and a higher hazard index than middle position leaves except for crotonaldehyde, which had greater release from middle position leaves.

New bisabolane sesquiterpenes and coumarin from Leontopodium longifolium.

From the roots of Leontopotium longifolium, three new bisabolane sesquiterpenes, rel-(1S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-diacetoxy-6-[(R)-1,5-dimethylhexa-3,5-dienyl]-3-methylcyclohex-2-enyl (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate (1), rel-(1S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-diacetoxy-6-[(R)-5-hydroxy-1,5-dimethylhex-3-enyl]-3-methylcyclohex-2-enyl (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate (2), rel-(1R,2S,4R,5S)-4-acetoxy-2-[(R)-5-hydroxy-1,5-dimethylhex-3-enyl]-5-methylcyclohexyl (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate (3), and a new coumarin, 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(1-methylethenyl)-7H-pyrano[2,3-g][1,4]benzodioxin-7-one (4) together with nine known compounds have been isolated. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.

Sesquiterpenes and other constituents from Achillea wilsoniana.

From the methanol extract of the whole plant of Achillea wilsoniana, 23 compounds were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations. Three of them are new: 4E, 10E-9beta-hydroxy-3-(2-methylbutyroyloxy)-germacra-4,10(1)-diene-12,6alpha-olide (1), 4E,10E-3-(2-methylbutyroyloxy)-germacra-4,10(1)-diene-12,6alpha-olide (2) and 1beta,6a-dihydroxy-10beta-methyl-5alphaH,7alphaH-eudesm-4-one (3).