Augmented machine learning for sewage quality assessment with limited data.

Physical, chemical, and biological processes within sewers significantly alter sewage composition during conveyance. This leads to the formation of sulfide and methane-compounds that contribute to sewer corrosion and greenhouse gas emissions. Reliable modeling of these compounds is essential for effective sewer management, but the development of machine learning (ML) models is hindered by differences in data accessibility and sampling frequencies of water quality variables.

PAHs removal by soil washing with thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate.

Remediating soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) presents a significant environmental challenge due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties. Traditional PAHs remediation methods-chemical, thermal, and bioremediation-along with conventional soil-washing agents like surfactants and cyclodextrins face challenges of cost, ecological harm, and inefficiency. Here we show an effective and environmentally friendly calixarene derivative for PAHs removal through soil washing.

Inducement mechanism and control of self-acidification in elemental sulfur fluidizing bioreactor.

The sulfur fluidizing bioreactor (SFB) has significant superiorities in treating nitrate-rich wastewater. However, substantial self-acidification has been observed in engineering applications, resulting in frequent start-up failures. In this study, self-acidification was reproduced in a lab-scale SFB.

Density functional study on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of 3d transition-metal-doped Au5 clusters.

Density functional calculations have been performed for the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Au5M (M = Sc-Zn) clusters. Geometry optimizations indicate that the M atoms in low-energy Au5M isomers prefer to occupy the most highly coordinated position. The ground-state clusters except Au5Sc possess a planar structure.

Tracking composition of microbial communities for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in polyurethane foam.

The process of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) of immobilized microorganisms in polyurethane form is discussed. The effect of different positions within the polyurethane carrier on microbial community response for the SND process is investigated by a combination of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of the 16S rRNA gene V3 region and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that polyurethane, which consists of a unique porous structure, is an ideal platform for biofilm stratification of aerobe, anaerobe and facultative microorganisms in regard to the SND process.

[Study on preparation and performance of a biological carrier with tourmaline].

In order to strengthen the activity of biofilm on the carrier surface, the tourmpaline on polyurethane (TPU) carrier was prepared using waterborne polyurethane as medium. The physical properties of TPU carrier were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and water absorbency, and its effect on biofilm biomass and nitrifying ability was studied. The results showed that the tourmaline loading amount of TPU carrier can be affected by waterborne polyurethane.

Removal Efficiency and Mechanism of Sulfamethoxazole in Aqueous Solution by Bioflocculant MFX.

Although the treatment technology of sulfamethoxazole has been investigated widely, there are various issues such as the high cost, inefficiency, and secondary pollution which restricted its application. Bioflocculant, as a novel method, is proposed to improve the removal efficiency of PPCPs, which has an advantage over other methods. Bioflocculant MFX, composed by high polymer polysaccharide and protein, is the metabolism product generated and secreted by Klebsiella sp.

Effect of aridification on the replacement of zonic species, Stipa baicalensis Roshev., by azonic species, Leymus chinensis Tzvel., in the steppe of China.

The perennial grass Stipa baicalensis is the zonic species in the steppe of China, but is currently being replaced by the azonic species of Leymus chinensis. In this area, aridification is on the increase; therefore, we hypothesize that water competition plays a significant role in this succession. The limit of osmotic adjustment in S.

[Feasibility of treatment of micro-pollutant water polluted by nitrobenzene with IBAC-process].

The performance and feasibility of immobilization biological activated carbon (IBAC) were investigated to treat micro-pollutant water containing nitrobenzene. IBAC has been developed on the granular activated carbon by immobilization of selected and acclimated species of engineering bacteria to treat the micro-pollutant water containing nitrobenzene. The IBAC removal efficiencies for nitrobenzene, permanganate index, turbidity, UV, ammonia and nitrite were compared with granular activated carbon (GAC) process.