[SLFN14 inhibits LINE-1 transposition activity].

Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) is the only active autonomous transposon in the human genome. Its transposition frequently induces host genome instability, leading to a variety of genetic diseases, including cancers. The host factors play important roles in inhibiting LINE-1 retrotransposition.

[The sensitivity of transmitted/founder HIV-1 to anti-HIV drugs].

The majority of mucosal HIV-1 infection is initially established by a few HIV-1 viral variants, followed by the development of overt systemic infection, and these viral variants are known as transmitted/ founder viruses(T/F viruses). Investigation of the sensitivity of T/F virus to different anti-HIV-1 drugs will provide the best strategies of pre-exposure prophylaxis(Pr EP) for high-risk groups of HIV-infected patients. Herein we constructed for the first time, a luciferase reporter system for HIV-1 T/F viruses, and then compared the drug sensitivity between T/F viruses and chronic infection virus.

[Establishment and application of a drug screening model for anti-prostate cancer agents targeting androgen receptor].

Androgen receptor(AR) plays an important role in the maintenance of prostate function and development of prostate cancer. AR is the key target in the therapy of prostate cancer. In this study, a cell-based screening assay was established by dual-luciferase reporter system to analyze the activity of AR.

Progress and challenges in the use of latent HIV-1 reactivating agents.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can effectively suppress the replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and block disease progression. However, chronic HIV-1 infection remains incurable due to the persistence of a viral reservoir, including the transcriptionally silent provirus in CD4(+) memory T cells and the sanctuary sites that are inaccessible to drugs. Reactivation and the subsequent elimination of latent virus through virus-specific cytotoxic effects or host immune responses are critical strategies for combating the disease.

Genetic variance in the HIV-1 founder virus Vpr affects its ability to induce cell cycle G₂arrest and cell apoptosis.

In the event of acute infection, only a few HIV-1 viral variants can establish the initial productive clinical infection, and these viral variants are known as transmitted/founder viruses (T/F viruses). As one of the accessory proteins of HIV-1, viral protein R (Vpr) plays an important role in viral replication. Therefore, the characterization of T/F virus Vpr is beneficial to understand how virus replicates in a new host.

[Identification and characterization of HIV-1 transmitted /founder viruses].

During the spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the mucosa, the entire genetic diversity of the viruses is significantly reduced. The vast majority of HIV-1 mucosal infections are established by one or a few viruses and ultimately develop into systemic infections, thus the initial virus is called transmitted/founder virus (T/F virus). The study of T/F virus will benefit understanding its key characteristics resulting in successful viral replication in the new host body, which may provide novel strategies for the development of AIDS vaccines, pre-exposure prophylaxis and other therapeutic interventions.

[Total trans-oral endoscopic thyroidectomy and cervical lymphadenectomy: a human cadavers surgery study].

Objective: To find an approach for trans-oral endoscopic thyroidectomy (TOET) and cervical lymphadenectomy using conventional endoscopic surgical instruments on frozen fresh cadavers.

Methods: Six frozen fresh cadavers were used in three groups of trans-oral trocar installation experiments: oral vestibule installation, sublingual region installation, and combined bi-vestibular and sublingual installation. TOET (with pretrachealis method to thyroid fixation removal) and cervical lymphadenectomy were performed experiments on another 6 frozen fresh cadavers using the best access approach found in the aforementioned experiments.

Construction and characterization of an infectious cDNA clone of enterovirus type 71 subgenotype C4.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease and induces fatal neurological complications. In recent years, this virus has become a major threat to public health in the Asia-Pacific region, while no effective antiviral therapies and vaccines are currently available. In this study, we constructed and characterized for the first time an infectious full-length EV71 cDNA clone derived from the SHZH98 strain, which was the first subgenotype C4 strain isolated in China.