Integrated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and handgrip strength better predict survival in patients with cancer cachexia.

Objectives: Systemic inflammation and skeletal muscle strength play crucial roles in the development and progression of cancer cachexia. In this study we aimed to evaluate the combined prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and handgrip strength (HGS) for survival in patients with cancer cachexia.

Methods: This multicenter cohort study involved 1826 patients with cancer cachexia.

A comparison of keratoconus progression following collagen cross-linkage using standard or personalised keratometry thresholds.

Objective: To define how estimates of keratoconus progression following collagen cross-linking (CXL) vary according to the parameter selected to measure corneal shape.

Materials And Methods: We estimated progression following CXL in 1677 eyes. We compared standard definitions of keratoconus progression based on published thresholds for Kmax, front K2, or back K2, or progression of any two of these three parameters, with the option of an increased threshold for Kmax values ≥ 55D.

Arabidopsis protein -acyl transferases positively mediate BR signaling through -acylation of BSK1.

Protein -acyl transferases (PATs) catalyze -acylation, a reversible post-translational modification critical for membrane association, trafficking, and stability of substrate proteins. Many plant proteins are potentially -acylated but few have corresponding PATs identified. By using genomic editing, confocal imaging, pharmacological, genetic, and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that three Arabidopsis class C PATs positively regulate BR signaling through -acylation of BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE1 (BSK1).

Long-term oncological outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: multicentre cohort study.

Background: The aim of this multicentre cohort study was to compare the long-term oncological outcomes of robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for patients with gastric cancer.

Methods: Patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy by robotic or laparoscopic approaches from 1 March 2010 to 31 December 2018 at 10 high-volume centres in China were selected from institutional databases. Patients receiving RG were matched 1 : 1 by propensity score with patients undergoing LG.

Corneal astigmatic outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with surface penetrating arcuate keratotomies.

Aim: To evaluate corneal astigmatic outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomies (FAKs) combined with femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) over 12mo follow-up.

Methods: Totally 145 patients with bilateral cataracts and no ocular co-morbidities were recruited to a single-centre, single-masked, prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing two monofocal hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses. Eyes with corneal astigmatism (CA) of >0.

Chemical Constituents from Mushroom Suillus luteus (Agaricomycetes) and Their Bioactivities.

Wild edible mushrooms are a huge source to discover bioactive natural products. In this work, one new polyprenylphenol derivative, termed 2-geranylgeranyl-1,4-benzenediol 1-O-acetate (1), together with eight known compounds (2-9) were isolated from wild edible mushroom Suillus luteus. The structure of new compound was elucidated by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance data.

Changes in axial length after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment combined with choroidal detachment.

Aim: To report the postoperative axial length (AL) changes in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment combined with choroidal detachment (RRD-CD) patients.

Methods: The medical records of 97 consecutive patients from January 2015 to December 2018 were reviewed. Patients included were divided into RRD-CD and RRD only groups.

Intelligent cataract surgery supervision and evaluation via deep learning.

Purpose: To assess the performance of a deep learning (DL) algorithm for evaluating and supervising cataract extraction using phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation based on cataract surgery (CS) videos.

Materials And Methods: DeepSurgery was trained using 186 standard CS videos to recognize 12 CS steps and was validated in two datasets that contained 50 and 21 CS videos, respectively. A supervision test including 50 CS videos was used to assess the DeepSurgery guidance and alert function.

Personalized Model to Predict Keratoconus Progression From Demographic, Topographic, and Genetic Data.

Purpose: To generate a prognostic model to predict keratoconus progression to corneal crosslinking (CXL).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We recruited 5025 patients (9341 eyes) with early keratoconus between January 2011 and November 2020.

Morpho-Molecular Evidence Reveals Four Novel Species of (Agaricales, Omphalotaceae) from China.

Nine collections of gymnopoid fungi were studied based on morpho-molecular characteristics. The macromorphology was made according to the photograph of fresh basidiomata and field notes, while the micromorphology was examined via an optical microscope. Simultaneously, the phylogenetic analyses were performed by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods based on a combined dataset of nrITS1-nr5.

Emending sect. (Agaricales, Omphalotaceae) by including two new species from southern China.

Based on phylogenetic analyses, some newly studied Chinese mushroom specimens were found to represent two distinct species within the genus . Along with (sect. Gymnopus) they form a distinct clade with high support, although their macromorphological characters seem to be closer to members of sect.

Morphological and Phylogenetic Evidence Reveal Five New Telamonioid Species of () from East Asia.

Five new species, , , , and spp. nov., are proposed based on a combination of morphological and molecular evidence.

Ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination: A promising therapeutic target for PTEN reactivation in cancer.

Tumor suppressor activation or reactivation has long been a sought-after, yet elusive, therapeutic strategy for human cancer. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes that regulate many biological processes, including proliferation, survival, cellular architecture, motility, energy metabolism, and genomic stability. As a dose-dependent tumor suppressor, subtle reductions in PTEN protein levels and activity will alter the gene-expression profiles involved in tumor progression, laying the foundation for PTEN reactivation in cancer treatment.

Fungal diversity notes 1512-1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa.

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination.

Bacterial keratitis: identifying the areas of clinical uncertainty.

Bacterial keratitis is a common corneal infection that is treated with topical antimicrobials. By the time of presentation there may already be severe visual loss from corneal ulceration and opacity, which may persist despite treatment. There are significant differences in the associated risk factors and the bacterial isolates between high income and low- or middle-income countries, so that general management guidelines may not be appropriate.

Machine Learning Algorithms to Detect Subclinical Keratoconus: Systematic Review.

Background: Keratoconus is a disorder characterized by progressive thinning and distortion of the cornea. If detected at an early stage, corneal collagen cross-linking can prevent disease progression and further visual loss. Although advanced forms are easily detected, reliable identification of subclinical disease can be problematic.

Digital Transformation in Ophthalmic Clinical Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

COVID-19 has placed unprecedented pressure on health systems globally, whereas simultaneously stimulating unprecedented levels of transformation. Here, we review digital adoption that has taken place during the pandemic to drive improvements in ophthalmic clinical care, with a specific focus on out-of-hospital triage and services, clinical assessment, patient management, and use of electronic health records. We show that although there have been some successes, shortcomings in technology infrastructure prepandemic became only more apparent and consequential as COVID-19 progressed.

Impact and Challenges of Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Telemedicine into Clinical Ophthalmology.

Aging populations and worsening burden of chronic, treatable disease is increasingly creating a global shortfall in ophthalmic care provision. Remote and automated systems carry the promise to expand the scale and potential of health care interventions, and reduce strain on health care services through safe, personalized, efficient, and cost-effective services. However, significant challenges remain.

Application of Comprehensive Artificial intelligence Retinal Expert (CARE) system: a national real-world evidence study.

Background: Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has entered the clinical implementation phase, although real-world performance of deep-learning systems (DLSs) for screening fundus disease remains unsatisfactory. Our study aimed to train a clinically applicable DLS for fundus diseases using data derived from the real world, and externally test the model using fundus photographs collected prospectively from the settings in which the model would most likely be adopted.

Methods: In this national real-world evidence study, we trained a DLS, the Comprehensive AI Retinal Expert (CARE) system, to identify the 14 most common retinal abnormalities using 207 228 colour fundus photographs derived from 16 clinical settings with different disease distributions.

Robotic Gastrectomy Versus Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Cohort Study of 5402 Patients in China.

Objective: A large-scale multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of robotic gastrectomy (RG) and laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for gastric cancer.

Summary Of Background Data: RG is being increasingly used worldwide, but data from large-scale multicenter studies on the short- and long-term oncologic outcomes of RG versus LG are limited. The potential benefits of RG compared with LG for gastric cancer remain controversial.

Laparoscopic gastrectomy for elderly gastric-cancer patients: comparisons with laparoscopic gastrectomy in non-elderly patients and open gastrectomy in the elderly.

Background: The benefits of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) in elderly gastric-cancer patients still remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of LG in elderly gastric-cancer patients.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent LG or open gastrectomy (OG) between June 2009 and July 2015 in a single high-volume center.