Synergistic Effect of HAD-B1 and Osimertinib Against Gefitinib Resistant HCC827 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of co-administration of osimertinib and HAD-B1 using gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells, HCC827-GR. HAD-B1 is composed of 4 natural drugs, Panax Notoginseng Radix, Panax ginseng C. A.

A Review of the Histopathology of Nail Unit Tumors Including Selection of the Optimal Surgical Sampling.

Background: A wide variety of tumors can affect the nail unit, with some commonly mistaken as inflammatory or infectious diseases. Obtaining an optimal sample for histopathologic evaluation requires understanding of nail unit anatomy as well as the histopathology of the suspected nail tumor.

Summary: This review discusses clinical and histopathologic features of a subset of benign and malignant nail tumors, including subungual melanoma, nail unit squamous cell carcinoma in situ, nail unit squamous cell carcinoma, onychomatricoma, onychopapilloma, onychocytic matricoma, and onychocytic carcinoma.

Correction: Park et al. -Mediated EMT Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Malignancy through the ERK/Fra-1/ZEB1 Pathway. 2023, , 274.

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Combining Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy for Effective Management of Rectal Cancer with Deep Submucosal Invasion: A Case Series.

Rectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, and the introduction of an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has offered minimally invasive management for early colorectal cancers. On the other hand, a post-ESD pathological examination showed that the risk of lymph node metastasis increases with deep submucosal (SM) invasion, positive lymphovascular invasion, grade 2/3 tumor budding, and certain histological types. An intestinal resection with a lymph node dissection is recommended in these cases, and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is also effective adjuvant therapy.

Tight junction protein changes in irritable bowel syndrome: the relation of age and disease severity.

Background/aims: The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with intestinal mucosal barrier damage. However, changes in the tight junction (TJ) proteins in IBS have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate TJ protein changes in IBS patients and the relationship between aging and disease severity.

3D keloid spheroid model: Development and application for personalized drug response prediction.

Research on keloid is limited by the lack of proper in vitro and animal model reflecting in vivo status. Based on heterogeneity of keloid and important role of endothelial cells in its pathogenesis, a novel 3D in vitro keloid spheroid prepared with keloid fibroblasts and endothelial cells was evaluated in this study. Commercial cell lines of keloid fibroblasts and endothelial cells were used at various cellular ratios to generate keloid spheroids to determine the optimal condition.

Cascade Hydroxyl Radical-Generating and Ferroptosis-Inducing Nanofiber System for the Therapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Nanofiber (NF) membrane systems that can provide cascade catalytic reaction and ferroptosis induction were developed for oral cancer therapy. Glucose oxidase (GOx) and aminoferrocene (AF) were introduced into the NF system for glucose deprivation/HO generation and OH radical generation, respectively. GOx offers starvation therapy and AF (including iron) provides chemodynamic therapy/ferroptosis for combating oral cancer.

Intravascular Casting Radiopaque Hydrogel Systems for Transarterial Chemo/Cascade Catalytic/Embolization Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

This paper introduces catheter-directed intravascular casting hydrogels for transarterial chemo/starvation/chemodynamic embolization (TACSCE) therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Comprising Mn ion-crosslinked hyaluronic acid-dopamine (HD) with glucose oxidase (for glucose decomposition to HO in starvation therapy), doxorubicin (for chemotherapy), and iopamidol (for X-ray imaging), these hydrogels are fabricated for transarterial embolization therapy guided by X-ray fluoroscopy. Mn (from MnO) demonstrates strong coordination with the catechol group of HD, providing hypoxia relief through O generation and cellular glutathione (GSH) consumption, compared to the OH radical generation potential of Mn.

Revisiting roles of mast cells and neural cells in keloid: exploring their connection to disease activity.

Background: Mast cells (MCs) and neural cells (NCs) are important in a keloid microenvironment. They might contribute to fibrosis and pain sensation within the keloid. However, their involvement in pathological excessive scarring has not been adequately explored.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Traditional Herbal Medicine Combined With Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Post-Surgical Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Gastric cancer is a common cause of global mortality, with significant challenges during treatment due to side effects and complications. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has emerged as a potential adjuvant therapy to enhance cancer treatment by reducing side effects and bolstering the immune response. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of THM as an adjuvant therapy in post-surgical gastric cancer patients.

CXCL10 upregulation in radiation-exposed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a candidate biomarker for rapid triage after radiation exposure.

Purpose: In case of a nuclear accident, individuals with high-dose radiation exposure (>1-2 Gy) should be rapidly identified. While ferredoxin reductase (FDXR) was recently suggested as a radiation-responsive gene, the use of a single gene biomarker limits radiation dose assessment. To overcome this limitation, we sought to identify reliable radiation-responsive gene biomarkers.

Comparison of intraocular pressure fluctuation and glaucoma progression rate between phakic and pseudophakic eyes in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

The management of patients with concurrent pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and cataract is challenging given its worse prognosis compared to other glaucoma types and the increased risk associated with cataract surgery. In this retrospective study, we investigated the long-term outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with PXG. We enrolled patients with PXG who had undergone cataract surgery at least 2 years previously and compared them with mean deviation (MD) matched patients with phakic eyes.

Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma presenting in a child with Li-Fraumeni syndrome: A case report and review of the literature.

Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS) is an uncommon malignant soft-tissue tumor that occurs mostly in elderly patients, with only 5% of cases occurring in children. However, pediatric patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) can develop several types of cancer, particularly sarcomas. Here, we describe a young LFS patient who presented with early-onset PDS and review the literature.

Application of optogenetic glial cells to neuron-glial communication.

Optogenetic techniques combine optics and genetics to enable cell-specific targeting and precise spatiotemporal control of excitable cells, and they are increasingly being employed. One of the most significant advantages of the optogenetic approach is that it allows for the modulation of nearby cells or circuits with millisecond precision, enabling researchers to gain a better understanding of the complex nervous system. Furthermore, optogenetic neuron activation permits the regulation of information processing in the brain, including synaptic activity and transmission, and also promotes nerve structure development.

Nanorod/nanodisk-integrated liquid crystalline systems for starvation, chemodynamic, and photothermal therapy of cancer.

Indocyanine green (ICG), glucose oxidase (GOx), and copper(II) sulfate (Cu)-installed hybrid gel based on organic nanorod (cellulose nanocrystal [CNC]) and inorganic nanodisk (Laponite [LAP]) was developed to perform a combination of starvation therapy (ST), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT) for localized cancers. A hybrid CNC/LAP network with a nematic phase was designed to enable instant gelation, controlled viscoelasticity, syringe injectability, and longer in vivo retention. Moreover, ICG was introduced into the CNC/LAP gel system to induce hyperthermia of tumor tissue, amplifying the CDT effect; GOx was used for glucose deprivation (related to the Warburg effect); and Cu was introduced for hydroxyl radical generation (based on Fenton-like chemistry) and cellular glutathione (GSH) degradation in cancer cells.