Comparative Investigation on the Phytochemicals and Biological Activities of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) pulp from Five Cultivars.

Jackfruit is one of the major tropical fruits, but information on the phytochemicals and biological benefits of its pulp is limited. In this study, the phytochemicals and biological activities including antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of five jackfruit pulp cultivars (M1, M2, M3, M7 and T5) were comparatively investigated. A total of 11 compounds were identified in all cultivars of jackfruit pulp, among which 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and tryptophan N-glucoside were reported for the first time in jackfruit.

Role of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 in Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Mediated Vascular Repair and Regeneration.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are immature endothelial cells that participate in vascular repair and postnatal neovascularization and provide a novel and promising therapy for the treatment of vascular disease. Studies in different animal models have shown that EPC mobilization through pharmacological agents and autologous EPC transplantation contribute to restoring blood supply and tissue regeneration after ischemic injury. However, these effects of the progenitor cells in clinical studies exhibit mixed results.

Simultaneously constructing nanotopographical and chemical cues in 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffolds to promote bone regeneration.

Topographical structures and bioactive surface coatings are effective in improving the biological function for bone regeneration. However, the simultaneous introduction of these benefits into three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds poses a daunting challenge. In this study, we proposed a simple yet effective approach to decorate 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds with chemically modified nanotopographical patterns.

Accelerating Bone Healing by Decorating BMP-2 on Porous Composite Scaffolds.

Although artificial polymeric scaffolds act as vital characters in bone repair, their application is limited due to their inferior bioactivity. Herein, osteoinductive poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composite scaffolds were prepared by synchronously enlisting bioactive nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), bioglass (BG), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), which was bound up with polydopamine (pDA). It was found that pDA deposition not only significantly enhanced hydrophilicity and cell affinity of composite scaffolds but also endowed steady immobilization of BMP-2 with long-term yet sustained release.

Role of HA and BG in engineering poly(ε-caprolactone) porous scaffolds for accelerating cranial bone regeneration.

Effects of varied bioactive fillers on the biological behavior of porous polymer/inorganic composite scaffolds are lack of comprehensive comparison and remain elusive. Moreover, composite scaffolds with high porosity suffer from inferior mechanical performance. Herein, high-pressure molding and salt leaching were employed to prepare poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composite porous scaffolds loaded with hydroxyapatite (HA) and bioactive glass (BG), respectively.

[Species of Iron in Size-resolved Particle Emitted from Xuanwei Coal Combustion and Their Oxidative Potential].

Many reports have claimed that high lung cancer mortality rate in Xuanwei is associated with the residential coal combustion. Considering iron is the main chemical element in the particles emitted from Xuanwei coal combustion, and especially, reactive oxygen species (ROS) could be generated by redox-active transition metals (TM) such as iron (Fe) in particles, therefore, raw coal samples from 4 coal mines in Xuanwei were sampled, and size-resolved particles emitted from the raw coal samples were collected by using of Andersen Five-stage High Volume Sampler. Species of iron in the raw coal sample, size-resolved particles and bottom ashes were analyzed by BCR sequential extraction method (community bureau of reference, BCR).

Advanced technology for nanostarches preparation by high speed jet and its mechanism analysis.

Nanostarches were successfully prepared by high speed jet (HSJ) after pretreatment of micronization. The nanostarches were obtained at the conditions of micronization treatment for 60min, and then one cycle at 240MPa of HSJ (188.1nm).

Genome-wide DNA polymorphism in the indica rice varieties RGD-7S and Taifeng B as revealed by whole genome re-sequencing.

Next-generation sequencing technologies provide opportunities to further understand genetic variation, even within closely related cultivars. We performed whole genome resequencing of two elite indica rice varieties, RGD-7S and Taifeng B, whose F1 progeny showed hybrid weakness and hybrid vigor when grown in the early- and late-cropping seasons, respectively. Approximately 150 million 100-bp pair-end reads were generated, which covered ∼86% of the rice (Oryza sativa L.

Atorvastatin protects endothelial colony‑forming cells against H2O2‑induced oxidative damage by regulating the expression of annexin A2.

Endothelial dysfunction and injury are central events in the pathogenesis of ischemic vascular disorders. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are mobilized from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, where they locate to sites of injured endothelium and are involved in endothelial repair and vascular regeneration. During these processes, EPCs are exposed to oxidative stress, a crucial pathological condition, which occurs during vascular injury and limits the efficacy of EPCs in the repair of injured endothelium.

Bacillus vanillea sp. nov., Isolated from the Cured Vanilla Bean.

A Gram-positive bacterium, designated strain XY18(T), was isolated from a cured vanilla bean in Hainan province, China. Cells were rod-shaped, endospore producing, and peritrichous flagella. Strain XY18(T) grew at salinities of 0-8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimally 1-4 %), pH 4.

Correction of mandibular deficiency by inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting.

This study was to describe the use of inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac bone graft for the management of mandibular deficiency in adult patients. From 2008 to 2010, 11 patients (aged 19 to 29 years) with mandibular deficiency underwent intraoral or extraoral inverted-L osteotomy of ramus and iliac crest bone grafting. Data were collected from the patients' records, photographs and radiographs.

Effect of C/N ratios on the performance of earthworm eco-filter for treatment of synthetics domestic sewage.

Purpose: The performances of filter systems that use earthworms and plants, combined with earthworm eco-filter (EE) systems in treating synthetic domestic sewage (SDS) with different C/N ratios, were investigated for a 9-month period.

Methods: The effects of the combination of filters, earthworms, plants, as well as the combination of earthworms and plants on SDS nutrient removal efficiency were separately investigated to select the optimum system for treating SDS. The results of the current study could be used to determine how treatment performance responds to different C/N ratios and to explain and predict the performance of an operating EE system.

[Narrowing and sliding genioplasty procedure combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to correct square jaw in short face].

Objective: To evaluate the the feasibility and effectiveness of narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy technique to reshape a square jaw in short face.

Methods: From July 2005 to October 2009, a total of 57 patients received narrowing and sliding genioplasty combined with mandibular outer cortex ostectomy procedure to correct square jaw in short face. All the patients had standard frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and were photographed preoperatively and postoperatively to assess their face contour.

[Analysis of soluble Ca content in banana pulp based on pretreatment of digestion model in vitro].

In the present paper, soluble Ca content in banana pulp was analyzed with pretreatment of digestion model in vitro. All the samples were digested by strong acid (perchloric acid and nitric acid with 1 : 4 ratio) and determined by AA700 flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). Meanwhile, the reproducibility of the analytical method was investigated.

[Reconstruction of critical sized calvarial defects by porous nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 6 composite with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 6 (n-HA/PA6) on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and the feasibility of using both for constructing tissue engineered bone in the calvarias of rats with critical sized defects.

Methods: The third passage of BMSCs were cultured in osteoblastic medium and seeded on the scaffolds of n-HA/PA6, the proliferation of the BMSCs was tested by MTT (3-{4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl}-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide) on scheduled dates, and the osteoblastic differentiation of the BMSCs were measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Furthermore, the scaffolds with or without BMSCs in rat calvarial defects, after 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks have been implanted.

[Response of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to mechanical stretch and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta and insulin-like growth factor-II under mechanical strain].

Objective: To study the response of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a single period of mechanical strain and expression patterns of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) after mechanical stretch.

Methods: Bone marrow MSCs were isolated from SD rats and cultured in vitro. A four-point bending apparatus were used to perform a single period of mechanical strain (2000 microepsilon, 40 min) on MSCs.

[Osteoblastic differentiation and gene expression profile change in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after a single period of mechanical strain].

Objective: To evaluate the osteoblastic differentiation and compare the difference in the gene expression of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) affected by a single period of mechanical strain.

Methods: Bone marrow MSCs were harvested from the femurs and tibiae of SD rats and cultured in vitro. A four-point bending apparatus were used to perform a single 40-minute period of 2,000 microepsilon mechanical strain on these MSCs.

[Analysis of primary elemental speciation distribution in mungbean during enzymatic hydrolization].

In the present paper, trace elements contents of cuprum, zincum, manganese and ferrum in mungbean and their primary speciation distribution during enzymatic hydrolization were investigated with ICP-AES OPTIMA 5300DV plasma emission spectroscopy. The trace elements were separated into two forms, i.e.

[Analysis of speciation distribution of se in mungbean during enzymatic hydrolization].

In the present paper, selenium content in mungbean and selenium speciation distribution in mungbean during enzymatic hydrolization was investigated with AFS-230E atomic fluorescence photometer. Selenium in the decoction and enzymatic hydrolysates samples were separated into two species including primary speciation and secondary speciation. The primary speciation included the soluble and the suspended forms and was divided by 0.

Growth of the mandible after condylar reconstruction using transport distraction osteogenesis: an experimental investigation in goats.

Background: Mandibular condyle damage during childhood disturbs mandibular growth and facial skeletal development. Transport distraction osteogenesis provides a new treatment for condyle reconstruction, but there are no data available on mandibular growth in growing individuals following surgery. The authors investigated the effect of condylar reconstruction by transport distraction osteogenesis on mandibular growth in goats.

[Osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell after transfection with recombinant pAd-bone morphogenetic protein-7].

Objective: To study the effect of recombinant pAd-BMP-7 on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).

Methods: Recombinant pAd-bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 7 was constructed and the titer of recombinant adenovirus was determined. pAd-BMP-7 and pAdTrack-CMV were used to transfect rat MSC.

[Study of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in monkeys].

Objective: To evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in an animal model of rhesus monkeys.

Methods: Six adult rhesus monkeys were used in this study. Bilateral condyles and articular discs were extirpated, and the technique of transport distraction osteogenesis was performed to reconstruct the condyle.

Surgical repair of hard palate cleft with absorbable membrane: the new surgical technique and its clinical application.

This study evaluated a new surgical technique with absorbable membrane to repair hard palate cleft without extensive mobilisation of the mucoperiosteum. From 2001 to 2002, 32 selected patients with complete unilateral clefts underwent this surgical operation. The traditional flap surgical operation was performed at the soft palate, uvula and anterior alveolar cleft.

[Construction of recombinant plasmid pEGFP-BMP7 and its expression in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro].

Objective: To construct recombinant plasmid pEGFP-BMP7 and determine its expression in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro.

Methods: cDNA of target gene was obtained from neonatal rat kidney by RT-PCR. After sequencing the target gene, the cDNA was subcloned into a eukaryote plasmid pEGFP-N1 by directed cloning and then digested with two restrictive endonucleases to verify the correctiveness of the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-BMP7.

[Quantitative histomorphometric observation of distraction osteogenesis during mandibular lengthening].

Purpose: To evaluate the regenerating bone during mandibular distraction osteogenesis by bone histomorphometry combining tetracycline bone labeling fluorescence microscopy.

Methods: Osteotomy was performed on bilateral mandibles in ten goats. A custom-made distractor was applied to lengthen the mandible at a rate of 1 mm/d (0.