Robotic Real Anatomical Right Hepatectomy Preserving the Caudate Lobe: Separate Dissection of the Right Anterior and Posterior Glissonean Pedicles, Combined with the Use of ICG Fluorescent Imaging (with Video).

Background: Conventional right hepatectomy typically involves resection of the right hemiliver, often including partial removal of the caudate lobe. However, recent advancements, particularly in indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging, have allowed for more accurate identification of anatomical boundaries between liver segments. In this context, we present a refined technique for real anatomical right hepatectomy that preserves the caudate lobe, offering enhanced surgical precision and several distinct advantages over traditional methods.

Simultaneous Coproduction of Xylonic Acid and Xylitol: Leveraging In Situ Hydrogen Generation and Utilization from Xylose.

Pentose oxidation and reduction, processes yielding value-added sugar-derived acids and alcohols, typically involve separate procedures necessitating distinct reaction conditions. In this study, a novel one-pot reaction for the concurrent production of xylonic acid and xylitol from xylose is proposed. This reaction was executed at ambient temperature in the presence of a base, eliminating the need for external gases, by leveraging Pt-supported catalysts.

Improved survival with second-line hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after atezolizumab-bevacizumab failure in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: There is no established second-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following atezolizumab-bevacizumab (ate-beva) failure. This study assessed the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) as a salvage therapy by comparing survival outcomes and treatment responses between HAIC as a first-line treatment and as a second-line option after ate-beva failure.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 patients with advanced HCC treated with HAIC between March 2022 and July 2024.

The dorsal approach to the middle hepatic vein from the hilar plate in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy (with video).

Background: Although laparoscopic hemihepatectomy has gained prominence, one of the critical challenges in this procedure is the approach to the middle hepatic vein (MHV). The MHV, which runs in the midplane of the liver, is situated above the hilar plate and serves as an anatomical landmark in hemihepatectomy. We have introduced dorsal approach to the MHV from the hilar plate in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy under the laparoscopic caudo-dorsal view.

Prognostic significance of combined PD-L1 expression in malignant and infiltrating cells in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab.

Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is abundant not only in malignant cells but also in infiltrating cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study explored the association between PD-L1 expression in TME and outcomes in HCC patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (AB), emphasizing the implications of PD-L1 expression in both malignant and tumor-infiltrating cells.

Methods: This study included 72 patients with HCC who underwent percutaneous core needle liver biopsy before AB treatment between September 2020 and December 2023.

Mll4 in skeletal muscle fibers maintains muscle stem cells.

Background: Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) undergo numerous state transitions throughout life, which are critical for supporting normal muscle growth and regeneration. Epigenetic modifications in skeletal muscle play a significant role in influencing the niche and cellular states of MuSCs. Mixed-lineage leukemia 4 (Mll4) is a histone methyltransferase critical for activating the transcription of various target genes and is highly expressed in skeletal muscle.

Microbial profiling of the East Siberian Sea sediments using 16S rRNA gene and metagenome sequencing.

The Arctic Ocean is experiencing significant global warming, leading to reduced sea-ice cover, submarine permafrost thawing, and increased river discharge. The East Siberian Sea (ESS) undergoes more significant terrestrial inflow from coastal erosion and river runoff than other Arctic seas. Despite extensive research on environmental changes, microbial communities and their functions in the ESS, which are closely related to environmental conditions, remain largely unexplored.

[Study on the Necessity and Methodology for Enhancing Outpatient and Clinical Education in the Department of Radiology].

In the rapidly evolving healthcare environment, radiologists strive to establish their rightful place. Thus, there is a need for enhanced outpatient and clinical education within the Department of Radiology and exploration of its methodologies. Accordingly, the Korean Society of Radiology established a task force to investigate the clinical and outpatient practice status of radiologists overseas, current state of related education, involvement of other specialties in radiologic practices and education in Korea, and clinical and outpatient practice status among Korean radiologists.

Standardized Ultrasound Evaluation for Active Surveillance of Low-Risk Thyroid Microcarcinoma in Adults: 2024 Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Consensus Statement.

Active surveillance (AS) has been widely adopted as an alternative to immediate surgery owing to the indolent nature and favorable outcomes of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). AS is generally recommended for tumors measuring ≤1 cm without aggressive cytological subtypes, risk of gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), or distant metastasis. AS requires careful patient selection based on various patient and tumor characteristics, and ultrasound (US) findings.

A national survey of physicians regarding active surveillance for low-risk thyroid cancer in Korea.

Objective: Active surveillance (AS) has emerged as a viable alternative to immediate surgery for low-risk thyroid cancer. However, several barriers still hinder its widespread adoption and implementation by physicians.

Methods: In 2024, an email survey was conducted among members of the Korea Thyroid Association to assess their perspectives on AS.

Mll4 in Skeletal Muscle Fiber Maintains Muscle Stem Cells by Regulating Notch Ligands.

Background: Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) undergo numerous state transitions throughout life, which are critical for supporting normal muscle growth and regeneration. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the regulatory mechanisms governing the transition of MuSC states across different postnatal developmental stages.

Methods: To assess if myofiber-expressed Mll4 contributes to the maintenance of MuSCs, we crossed or mice to mice to generate myofiber-specific -deleted mice.

A novel deep learning algorithm for real-time prediction of clinical deterioration in the emergency department for a multimodal clinical decision support system.

The array of complex and evolving patient data has limited clinical decision making in the emergency department (ED). This study introduces an advanced deep learning algorithm designed to enhance real-time prediction accuracy for integration into a novel Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). A retrospective study was conducted using data from a level 1 tertiary hospital.

Ammonium capture Kinetic, Capacity, and Prospect of Rice Husk Biochar produced by different pyrolysis conditions.

This study explores the potential application of rice husk biochars, categorized by their pH (acidic, pH 5.98; neutral, pH 7.02; and alkali, pH 11.

Erratum: Standardized Ultrasound Evaluation for Active Surveillance of Low-Risk Thyroid Microcarcinoma in Adults: 2024 Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Consensus Statement.

This corrects the article on p. 942 in vol. 25, PMID: 39473087.

New double-stapling technique without staple-crossing line in laparoscopic low anterior resection: effort to reduce anastomotic leakage.

Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate the safety of new double-stapling technique (nDST), without a crossing line and dog ears, by comparing with conventional DST (cDST) in laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 98 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic LAR for rectal cancer from January 2018 to December 2020. The inclusion criterion was an anastomosis level below the peritoneal reflection and 4 cm above the anal verge.

Impacts of Sibling Relations on Sociality, Communication, and Autism Severity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis.

Objective: This study investigated the differences in sociality, communication, and autism severity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) according to the presence or absence of siblings, the number of siblings, the order of birth, and the sex of sibling.

Methods: We included 71 children with autism spectrum disorder who visited University Hospital as outpatients. We compared the communication and socialization scores using the Korean Version of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, second edition (K-VABS II); social interaction, communication, and language using the autism diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R); and the total score of the Korean-Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2 (K-CARS 2) according to the presence or absence of siblings, the number of siblings, the order of birth and the sex of sibling.

Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Thrombin Injection for Pseudoaneurysms Arising after Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm is a rare but potentially fatal complication of a thyroid biopsy. However, a standard management strategy has not yet been established. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided thrombin injection (TI) for thyroid pseudoaneurysms.

Standardized Ultrasound Evaluation for Active Surveillance of Low-Risk Thyroid Microcarcinoma in Adults: 2024 Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Consensus Statement.

Active surveillance (AS) has been widely adopted as an alternative to immediate surgery owing to the indolent nature and favorable outcomes of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). AS is generally recommended for tumors measuring ≤1 cm without aggressive cytological subtypes, risk of gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), or distant metastasis. AS requires careful patient selection based on various patient and tumor characteristics, and ultrasound (US) findings.

AST-001 versus placebo for social communication in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized clinical trial.

Aim: This study examined the efficacy of AST-001 for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children.

Methods: This phase 2 clinical trial consisted of a 12-week placebo-controlled main study, a 12-week extension, and a 12-week follow-up in children aged 2 to 11 years with ASD. The participants were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to a high-dose, low-dose, or placebo-to-high-dose control group during the main study.