Exposure to adverse experiences during early life is associated with an increased risk of psychopathology during adolescence. In a previous study, we demonstrated that neonatal maternal separation (NMS) combined with social isolation led to impulsive and depressive-like behaviors in male adolescents. Additionally, it significantly reduced the expression of excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) in the hippocampus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParosteal lipoma is a rare tumor that occurs very close to the bone, and accounts for approximately 0.3% of all lipomas. Chondrolipoma, a lipoma with cartilaginous metaplasia, is also a rare tumor consisting of mature adipose and cartilage tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The FDA approval of oncolytic herpes simplex-1 virus (oHSV) therapy underscores its therapeutic promise and safety as a cancer immunotherapy. Despite this promise, the current efficacy of oHSV is significantly limited to a small subset of patients largely due to the resistance in tumor and tumor microenvironment (TME).
Methods: RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to identify molecular targets of oHSV resistance.
BACKGROUND Emergence agitation, or delirium, occurs during early recovery from general anesthesia and involves disorientation, excitation, and uncontrolled physical movements. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha agonist that has sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, and sympatholytic activities and is used as a continuous infusion to prevent emergence agitation. This study aimed to evaluate patients aged 65 years and older undergoing general anesthesia to determine the 90% effective dose (ED90) of dexmedetomidine continuous intraoperative infusion to prevent emergence agitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ulinastatin, an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant trypsin inhibitor, has shown potential in mitigating acute kidney injury (AKI) and reducing serum creatinine levels after various surgeries. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of ulinastatin on AKI in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery.
Methods: We hypothesized that the administration of ulinastatin could prevent AKI in OPCAB.
The management of patients with history or suspicion of difficult intubation can be challenging, especially in surgical procedures requiring one-lung ventilation. The ease of insertion of silicone double lumen tube (DLT) have previously been shown to be comparable to polyvinyl single lumen tube (SLT) in fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) tracheal intubation. Hence, in difficult airway situation, we hypothesized that the performance of insertion of silicone DLT would also be non-inferior to polyvinyl SLT in FOB intubation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, several studies have demonstrated that low-dose radiation (LDR) therapy has positively impacts on the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). LDR suppresses the production of pro-neuroinflammation molecules and improves cognitive function in AD. However, it is unclear whether direct exposure to LDR causes beneficial effects and what mechanism is involved in neuronal cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that plays an important role in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is one of the major receptors to which extracellular HMGB1 binds to mediate its activity. RAGE is highly expressed on the endothelial cells (ECs) and regulates endothelial permeability during inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuregulin-1 (NRG1) is an epidermal growth factor family member with essential roles in the developing and adult nervous systems. In recent years, establishing evidence has collectively suggested that NRG1 is a new modulator of central nervous system (CNS) injury and disease, with multifaceted roles in neuroprotection, remyelination, neuroinflammation, and other repair mechanisms. NRG1 signaling exerts its effects via the tyrosine kinase receptors ErbB2-ErbB4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Direct insertion of a double-lumen tube (DLT) using a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) is an option for DLT intubation. The difficult process of fiberoptic intubation is that the different properties of polyvinyl chloride and silicone DLTs may affect railroading differently. Therefore, we aimed to compare intubation using polyvinyl chloride and silicone DLTs over an FOB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) accounts for approximately 8-10% of epithelial ovarian cancers in the United States. Although it is rare, OCCC usually presents with treatment challenges and the overall prognosis is far worse than high grade serous ovarian cancer HGSOC. The objective of this study was to examine the therapeutic relevance of combining oncolytic virus with cisplatin for ovarian cancer clear cell carcinoma (OCCC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTaehan Yongsang Uihakhoe Chi
September 2021
Mazabraud syndrome is a rare benign disease that is accompanied by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and intramuscular myxoma. Malignant transformation of fibrous dysplasia occurs in approximately 1% of cases. To date, only eight cases of malignant transformation, of fibrous dysplasia to osteosarcoma, in Mazabraud syndrome have been reported worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and the destruction of joints and systemic organs. RA is commonly accompanied by neuropsychiatric complications, such as cognitive impairment and depression. However, the role of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and its inhibitors in controlling neurotransmitters associated with these complications in RA have not been clearly identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) remains dismal because therapeutic approaches have limited effectiveness. A new targeted treatment using MEK inhibitors, including trametinib, has been proposed to improve GBM therapy. Trametinib had a promising preclinical effect against several cancers, but its adaptive treatment resistance precluded its clinical translation in GBM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-grade gliomas (HGGs) are lethal central nervous system tumors that spread quickly through the brain, making treatment challenging. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, cellular adhesion, migration, growth, and survival. Their upregulation and inverse correlation in HGG malignancy make targeting integrins a viable therapeutic option.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by poor response to standard therapies and therefore unfavorable clinical outcomes. Better understanding of TNBC and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. ROR nuclear receptors are multifunctional transcription factors with important roles in circadian pathways and other processes including immunity and tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite current progress in treatment, glioblastoma (GBM) remains a lethal primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Although immunotherapy has recently achieved remarkable survival effectiveness in multiple malignancies, none of the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for GBM have shown anti-tumor efficacy in clinical trials. GBM has a characteristic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that results in the failure of ICIs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 (oHSV) infection of brain tumors activates NOTCH, however the consequences of NOTCH on oHSV-induced immunotherapy is largely unknown. Here we evaluated the impact of NOTCH blockade on virus-induced immunotherapy.
Experimental Design: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), TCGA data analysis, flow cytometry, Luminex- and ELISA-based assays, brain tumor animal models, and serum analysis of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) treated with oHSV was used to evaluate the effect of NOTCH signaling on virus-induced immunotherapy.
Anesthesiologists commonly use video bronchoscopy to facilitate intubation or confirm the location of the endotracheal tube; however, depth and orientation in the bronchial tree can often be confused because anesthesiologists cannot trace the airway from the oropharynx when it is performed using an endotracheal tube. Moreover, the decubitus position is often used in certain surgeries. Although it occurs rarely, the misinterpretation of tube location can cause accidental extubation or endobronchial intubation, which can lead to hyperinflation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most deadly cancers and poorly responses to chemotherapies, such as temozolomide (TMZ). Dysregulation of intrinsic signaling pathways in cancer cells are often resulted by dysregulated tumor suppressive microRNAs (miRNAs). Previously, we found miR-138 as one of tumor suppressive miRNAs that were significantly down-regulated in GBM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1/ADGRB1) is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor that has been found to play key roles in phagocytosis, inflammation, synaptogenesis, the inhibition of angiogenesis, and myoblast fusion. As the name suggests, it is primarily expressed in the brain, with a high expression in the normal adult and developing brain. Additionally, its expression is reduced in brain cancers, such as glioblastoma (GBM) and peripheral cancers, suggesting that BAI1 is a tumor suppressor gene.
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