Manufacturing of stretchable substrate with biaxial strain control for highly-efficient stretchable solar cells and displays.

There has been significant research focused on the development of stretchable materials that can provide a large area with minimal material usage for use in solar cells and displays. However, most materials exhibit perpendicular shrinkage when stretched, which is particularly problematic for polymer-based substrates commonly used in stretchable devices. To address this issue, biaxial strain-controlled substrates have been proposed as a solution to increase device efficiency and conserve material resources.

Oral manifestations of a child with chronic vomiting.

Perimolysis is a type of intrinsic erosion--an irreversible dental demineralization linked to chronic regurgitation--which causes teeth to be more susceptible to dental caries. The purpose of this case report was to study a 35-month-old chronic vomiting child who visited the Department of Pediatric Dentistry in Yonsei Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, for an evaluation of and treatment for the loss of tooth structure of his primary teeth. To prevent further destruction of the teeth and maintain occlusal height, all the posterior teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns and all the anterior teeth were restored with resin veneer crowns after pulpal treatment under general anesthesia.