The Emerging Threat of Micro- and Nanoplastics on the Maturation and Activity of Immune Cells.

With the increasing use of plastics worldwide, the amount of plastic waste being discarded has also risen. This plastic waste undergoes physical and chemical processes, breaking down into smaller particles known as microplastics (MPs) or nanoplastics (NPs). Advances in technology have enhanced our ability to detect these smaller particles, and it has been confirmed that plastics can be found in marine organisms as well as within the human body.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of sural nerve for nerve conduction study.

Objective: To understand various morphologic types and locations of the sural nerve (SN) that are important for nerve conduction studies or nerve grafting procedures. The aim of this study was to describe the course and variations of the SN based on ultrasonographic findings for an adequate nerve conduction study.

Methods: A total of 112 SNs in 56 volunteers with no history of trauma or surgery were examined by ultrasonography.