Perioperative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Aggravated by Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation: A Case Report.

: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an accommodation of the cardiopulmonary bypass technique that can support gas exchange and hemodynamic stability. It is used as a salvage maneuver in patients with life-threatening respiratory or cardiac failure that does not respond to conventional treatment. There are few case reports of successful perioperative use of ECMO, especially preoperatively, in liver transplantation (LT).

Comparison of remimazolam-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel benzodiazepine with fast onset and short half-life. We compared the effects of remimazolam and propofol on recovery profiles for general anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: We randomly assigned 108 patients to either a remimazolam (n=54) or propofol (n=54) group.

Extract of Nakai Leaf Ameliorates Memory Dysfunction via Anti-inflammatory Action.

Nakai (AK) leaf reportedly ameliorates health problems, such as diabetes. However, the effects of AK on cognitive dysfunction or memory impairment remain unclear. This study investigated whether AK leaf extract could attenuate cognitive impairment.

Monitored anesthesia care with remimazolam for gynecological day surgeries: Case reports.

Remimazolam is a newly approved benzodiazepine characterized by rapid onset, predictable maintenance, fast recovery, and availability of a reversal agent. We describe four cases of patients who received monitored anesthesia care with remimazolam for gynecological day surgery.

Anesthetic Management of Upper Tracheal Cancer Resection and Reconstruction: A Case Report.

Tracheal tumor resection and reconstruction is the primary treatment for tracheal tumors. The trachea is the surgical site as well as an important channel to ensure ventilation and maintain oxygenation during surgery. In this report, we describe the successful management of an upper tracheal tumor in a 50-year-old patient.

and Thunberginol C Attenuate Stress-Induced Anxiety in Mice.

Stress is an important neurological input for successful life. However, chronic stress and stress hormones could be a cause of various neurological disorders including anxiety disorders. Therefore, there have been many efforts to find effective materials for curing stress-induced neurological disorders.

Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium Attenuates Physical Stress by Supressing ACTH-Induced Cortisol in Zebrafish.

Objective: To determine the effects of Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium (EHDF) on physical stress, changes in the whole-body cortisol level and behaviour in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Methods: One hundred and seventy-four fish were randomly divided into 4 [adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) challenge test: 4 fish per group] or 6 groups (behavioural test: 10-12 fish per group, whole-body cortisol: 4 fish per group). Net handling stress (NHS) was used to induce physical stress.

The fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida ameliorates memory deficits in β-amyloid protein-induced Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida is a traditional medicine widely used as digestive drug in East Asia. Although Chinese herbal medicine used it for mental health, scientific evidence does not exist, yet.

Aims Of Study: The aim of this study is to show that the ethanol extract of the fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida (CPE) has neuroprotective effect on Alzheimer' disease model mice.

Neuroprotective effect of the ethanol extract of Artemisia capillaris on transient forebrain ischemia in mice via nicotinic cholinergic receptor.

Artemisia capillaris Thunberg is a medicinal plant used as a traditional medicine in many cultures. It is an effective remedy for liver problems including hepatitis. Recent pharmacological reports have indicated that Artemisia species can exert various neurological effects.

The enhancing effect of Aubang Gahl Soo on the hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory through enhancing cholinergic system in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aubang Gahl Soo (AGS) is a Korean traditional drink manufactured from medicinal plants and fruits using sugar or honey. Although traditional old book stated its effects on body, there is no scientific evidence yet. Therefore, in the present study, we tested AGS on brain functions.

Effects of Nakai as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent in and Atopic Dermatitis Models.

We investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating the effects of Nakai extract (AGNE) through the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/NF-B pathway using and atopic dermatitis (AD) models. We examined the effects of AGNE on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1) cells. Compound 48/80-induced pruritus and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene- (DNCB-) induced AD-like skin lesion mouse models were also used to investigate the antiallergic effects of AGNE.

The Seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa Attenuates Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Hippocampal Synaptic Deficits through BDNF/TrkB Signaling.

Ziziphus jujuba is a plant, which bears fruits and seeds that are used for medicinal purposes in Traditional oriental medicine. The seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (EZJ) has been also traditionally used for psychiatric disorders in Chinese and Korean medicines.

Echinocystic Acid Facilitates Neurite Outgrowth in Neuroblastoma Neuro2a Cells and Enhances Spatial Memory in Aged Mice.

Aging leads to functional changes in the brain and decreases ability of learning and memory. Neurite outgrowth is important in learning and memory, therefore regulation of neurite outgrowth might be a candidate for treating aged brain. Echinocystic acid (EA), a pentacyclic triterpene, has shown to exert various neurological effects.

Ethanol extract of the seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa potentiates hippocampal synaptic transmission through mitogen-activated protein kinase, adenylyl cyclase, and protein kinase A pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: As the seed of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F.

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge Blocks Ethanol-Induced Synaptic Dysfunction through Regulation of NMDA Receptor-Dependent Synaptic Transmission.

Consumption of high doses of ethanol can lead to amnesia, which often manifests as a blackout. These blackouts experienced by ethanol consumers may be a major cause of the social problems associated with excess ethanol consumption. However, there is currently no established treatment for preventing these ethanol-induced blackouts.

Early immature neuronal death is partially involved in memory impairment induced by cerebral ischemia.

Memory impairment is a common after an ischemic stroke. While delayed neuronal death in the CA1 region is usually linked to cerebral ischemia-induced memory impairment, the role of early immature neuronal death within the DG region in the memory state of an ischemic stroke model has rarely been studied. Here, we show a partial role of immature neuronal death in memory impairment in a global ischemia model.

Cassia obtusifolia seed ameliorates amyloid β-induced synaptic dysfunction through anti-inflammatory and Akt/GSK-3β pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tea infused with the seed of Cassia obtusifolia has been traditionally used as an herbal remedy for liver, eye, and acute inflammatory diseases. Recent pharmacological reports have indicated that Cassiae semen has neuroprotective effects, attributable to its anti-inflammatory actions, in ischemic stroke and Parkinson's disease models.

Aim Of The Study: Previously, the ethanol extract of C.

Danggui-Jakyak-San enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation through the ERK/CREB/BDNF cascade.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Danggui-Jakyak-San (DJS), a traditional herbal prescription, has long been used to treat gerontological disorders due to insufficient blood supply.

Aim Of The Study: Previously, we reported that DJS increased hippocampal neurogenesis and enhanced learning and memory. However, the precise mechanism of DJS and its effects on learning and memory are still not well understood.

Effect of the fragrance inhalation of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides on depression-like behaviors in mice.

Background: Psychological stressors may cause affective disorders, such as depression and anxiety, by altering expressions of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), serotonin (5-HT), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the brain. This study investigated the effects of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides (EOAH) on depression-like behaviors and brain expressions of CRF, 5-HT, and TH in mice challenged with stress.

Methods: Male ICR mice received fragrance inhalation of EOAH (0.

Glucocorticoid- and long-term stress-induced aberrant synaptic plasticity are mediated by activation of the glucocorticoid receptor.

Long-term stress is known to cause aberrant synaptic plasticity and to impair learning and memory. Recent studies show that acute high concentration of glucocorticoids exerts similar effects to those of long-term stress. In the present study, we conducted an electrophysiological study, western blot analysis, and behavioral study to examine whether long-term stress and acute high concentration of corticosterone share common mechanisms.