Genome-Wide Approach of Gene-Nutrient Intake Interaction Study for Essential Hypertension in a Large Korean Cohort (KoGES).

There is limited evidence on gene-nutrient interaction associated with hypertension (HTN). We examined interactions between genotypes and various nutrients that influenced high blood pressure (BP). Data were obtained from a total of 50,808 participants from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

Co-treatment with melatonin and ortho-topolin riboside exhibits anti-proliferation activity in radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells by altering metabolic and transcriptomic profiles.

Radiation therapy represents the primary treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer. However, radio resistance is associated with a poor prognosis and an increased risk of recurrence. Radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells, a radioresistant triple-negative breast cancer cell line, were co-treated with ortho-topolin riboside and melatonin.

Impact of Mediterranean Diet Adherence on the Incidence of New-Onset Hypertension in Adults With Obesity in Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

This study investigated the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and new-onset hypertension (HTN) in a cohort of community-dwelling, middle-aged, older Korean individuals with obesity. We used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a population-based prospective cohort study. The Korean version of the MD Adherence Screener was used to evaluate compliance with the MD.

A Transcriptomics-Based Machine Learning Model Discriminating Mild Cognitive Impairment and the Prediction of Conversion to Alzheimer's Disease.

The clinical spectrum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) ranges dynamically from asymptomatic and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to mild, moderate, or severe AD. Although a few disease-modifying treatments, such as lecanemab and donanemab, have been developed, current therapies can only delay disease progression rather than halt it entirely. Therefore, the early detection of MCI and the identification of MCI patients at high risk of progression to AD remain urgent unmet needs in the super-aged era.

Selective Pyk2 inhibition enhances bone restoration through SCARA5-mediated bone marrow remodeling in ovariectomized mice.

Understanding the intricate cellular interactions involved in bone restoration is crucial for developing effective strategies to promote bone healing and mitigate conditions such as osteoporosis and fractures. Here, we provide compelling evidence supporting the anabolic effects of a pharmacological Pyk2 inhibitor (Pyk2-Inh) in promoting bone restoration. In vitro, Pyk2 signaling inhibition markedly enhances alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, a hallmark of osteoblast differentiation, through activation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Secular trends in dietary energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intake among Korean children and adolescents.

Objective: We aimed to analyse the evolving trends in macronutrient intake and dietary composition among Korean children and adolescents over a 10-year period.

Design: We utilised cross-sectional data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) spanning the years 2010-2020. Overall, the study included 11 861 participants aged 6-18 years who completed the 24-h dietary recall survey.

Higher patient activation is associated with lower odds of functional limitation in older adults with chronic diseases.

Objectives: To investigate the association between patient activation and functional limitation among older adults living with multiple chronic conditions.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a parent study, which examined the relationship between self-efficacy and both inflammatory biomarkers and frailty. We conducted multivariate logistic regression while controlling for the patients' sociodemographic variables and comorbidities to examine the association between self-reported functional limitation and patient activation as measured by the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-10).

Comparison of SPISE and METS-IR and Other Markers to Predict Insulin Resistance and Elevated Liver Transaminases in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Studies on predictive markers of insulin resistance (IR) and elevated liver transaminases in children and adolescents are limited. We evaluated the predictive capabilities of the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) index, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the triglyceride (TG)/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) for IR and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in this population.

Methods: Data from 1,593 participants aged 10 to 18 years were analyzed using a nationwide survey.

Are background breast parenchymal features on preoperative breast MRI associated with disease-free survival in patients with invasive breast cancer?

Objective: To evaluate whether breast parenchymal features of the contralateral breast on preoperative MRI are associated with primary breast cancer characteristics and disease-free survival (DFS) in women with invasive breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: Women with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer who underwent preoperative breast MRI followed by surgery were retrospectively evaluated. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and background diffusion signal (BDS) on diffusion-weighted MRI of the contralateral breast were qualitatively assessed using a four-category scale: minimal, mild, moderate, or marked.

Sinapine suppresses ROS-induced C2C12 myoblast cell death through MAPK and autophagy pathways.

Oxidative stress in skeletal muscle can lead to muscle atrophy through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage and cell death. -Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), an exogenous ROS generator, induces oxidative stress and cell death in various cells. Sinapine from cruciferous plants possesses beneficial effects, but its role in protecting skeletal muscle cells against ROS-induced cell death remains unclear.

Higher Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Steatotic, Alcohol-Related, and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background And Aims: Metabolic liver disease is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders. A Mediterranean diet (MD), known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, is effective in managing various chronic diseases, including liver diseases. This study aimed to explore the influence of adherence to the MD on the risk of chronic metabolic diseases, including steatotic liver disease (SLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and alcohol-related liver diseases (ALDs).

Application of a Deep Learning-Based Contrast-Boosting Algorithm to Low-Dose Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography With Reduced Iodine Load.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a deep learning-based image contrast-boosting algorithm by enhancing the image quality of low-dose computed tomography pulmonary angiography at reduced iodine load.

Methods: This study included 179 patients who underwent low-dose computed tomography pulmonary angiography with a reduced iodine load using 64 mL of a 1:1 mixture of contrast medium from January 1 to June 30, 2023. For single-energy computed tomography, the noise index was set at 15.

Innovative Cancer Immunotherapy with MAGE-A3 mRNA Cancer Vaccines.

Cancer causes over 10 million deaths annually worldwide and remains a significant global health challenge. This study investigated advanced immunotherapy strategies, focusing on mRNA vaccines that target tumor-specific antigens to activate the immune system. We developed a novel mRNA vaccine using O,O'-dimyristyl-N-lysyl aspartate (DMKD) to improve stability and phosphatidylserine (PS) to enhance antigen presentation to immune cells.

Trajectories of triglyceride-glucose index changes and their association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a competing risk analysis.

Background: The association between changes in insulin resistance, reflected by the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and mortality remains unclear. This study investigated whether longitudinal trajectories of TyG index changes are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 233,546 adults aged ≥ 19 years from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort.

Germline functional variants contribute to somatic mutation and outcomes in neuroblastoma.

Germline genetic context may play a significant role in the development and evolution of cancer, particularly in childhood cancers such as neuroblastoma. This study investigates the role of putatively functional germline variants in neuroblastoma, even if they do not directly increase disease risk. Our whole-exome sequencing analysis of 125 patients with neuroblastoma reveals a positive correlation between germline variant burden and somatic mutations.

Mature microRNA-binding protein QKI suppresses extracellular microRNA let-7b release.

Argonaute (AGO), a component of RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs), is a representative RNA-binding protein (RBP) known to bind with mature microRNAs (miRNAs) and is directly involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing. However, despite the biological significance of miRNAs, the roles of other miRNA-binding proteins (miRBPs) remain unclear in the regulation of miRNA loading, dissociation from RISCs and extracellular release. In this study, we performed protein arrays to profile miRBPs and identify 118 RBPs that directly bind to miRNAs.

Association of dietary habits with general and abdominal obesity in Korean children and adolescents: cluster analysis of nationwide population survey data.

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern, but few studies have investigated dietary factors specifically related to obesity and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents. Herein, we aimed to identify the dietary factors affecting childhood obesity in Korean children and adolescents.

Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) VIII were analyzed using K-means clustering analysis to identify distinct clusters based on nine variables related to dietary habit, nutritional status, and nutritional education.

Safety and impact of the Mediterranean diet in patients with chronic kidney disease: a pilot randomized crossover trial.

Introduction: Emerging evidence highlights the potential advantages of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in preserving kidney function and slowing chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. However, interventional studies on the MD are scarce in East Asian populations.

Methods: This randomized crossover trial aimed to assess the safety and short-term impact of the Mediterranean Proper Optimal Balance (MEDi-POB) diet in Korean patients with stage 3-4 CKD.

Association between antibiotics use and osteoporotic fracture risk: a nationally representative retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: This population-based retrospective cohort study aimed to estimate the association between antibiotic exposure and osteoporotic fracture risk. Long-term antibiotic use was associated with the risk of osteoporotic fracture. An increase in the number of antibiotic classes prescribed may also be associated with an increased osteoporotic fracture risk.