Effects of Modified Simultaneous Unipolar Saline-Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Combined with Mitral Valve Disease.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of a modified simultaneous unipolar saline-irrigated radiofrequency ablation by intracardiac operation under direct vision in patients with mitral valve diseases combined with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: A total of 168 patients with mitral valve diseases combined with AF who underwent unipolar saline-irrigated radiofrequency ablation modified maze procedures were enrolled and divided into the mitral stenosis (MS) group (n = 87) and the mitral insufficiency (MI) group (n = 81).

Results: Those with a left atrium diameter (LAD) < 55 mm had a better cardioversion effect during the mid-term post-operation than those with a LAD ≥ 55 mm (P < 0.

The Application of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Mitral Valve Repair With Tendon Reconstruction.

To investigate whether tendon reconstruction during mitral valve repair can be effectively guided by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), using the mid-esophageal bi-commissure view, bicaval view and the aortic valve-mitral valve transition short-axis view. A total of 40 patients that underwent mitral valve repair with artificial tendineae were recruited. Before the operation, conventional transthoracic echocardiography was used to determine whether mitral valve repair would be possible.

The predictive value of procalcitonin in ventilator-associated pneumonia after cardiac valve replacement.

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of procalcitonin (PCT) in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) after cardiac valve replacement. A total of 80 patients who underwent cardiac valve replacement in our department were enrolled in this study. Of these patients,40 were diagnosed with VAP and assigned to the observation group, while the other 40 patients not diagnosed with VAP were assigned to the control group.

Visible-Light-Promoted Tandem Difluoroalkylation-Amidation: Access to Difluorooxindoles from Free Anilines.

An efficient and synthetically convenient method for the synthesis of 3,3-difluoro-2-oxindole through a visible-light-induced photoredox difluoromethylation-amidation is described. The process can generate a broad range of difluorooxindoles using bromodifluoroacetate and broadly available free anilines. The wide range of substrate tolerance and mild reaction conditions make this transformation a highly valuable method in applications for drug discovery and development.

Tandem Difluoroalkylation-Arylation of Enamides Catalyzed by Nickel.

A nickel-catalyzed three-component reaction for the synthesis of difluoroalkylated compounds through tandem difluoroalkylation-arylation of enamides has been developed. The reaction tolerates a variety of arylboronic acids and widely available difluoroalkyl bromides, and even the relatively inert substrate chlorodifluoroacetate. The significant advantages of this protocol are the low-cost nickel catalyst, synthetic convenience, excellent functional-group compatibility and high reaction efficiency.

Palladium-Catalyzed Difluoroalkylation of Isocyanides: Access to Difluoroalkylated Phenanthridine Derivatives.

An efficient and general method for the synthesis of difluoroalkylated phenanthridine derivatives through palladium-catalyzed reaction of difluoroalkyl bromides with isocyanides is described. The reaction can also be extended to perfluoroalkyl iodides. Mechanistic studies reveal that a difluoroalkyl radical via a single-electron-transfer pathway is involved in the reaction.

Rhodium-Catalyzed ortho-Selective C-F Bond Borylation of Polyfluoroarenes with Bpin-Bpin.

An ortho-selective C-F bond borylation between N-heterocycle-substituted polyfluoroarenes and Bpin-Bpin with simple and commercially available [Rh(cod)2 ]BF4 as a catalyst is now reported. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions with high efficiency and broad substrate scope, even toward monofluoroarene, thus providing a facile access to a wide range of borylated fluoroarenes that are useful for photoelectronic materials. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that a Rh(III/V) catalytic cycle via a key intermediate rhodium(III) hydride complex [(H)Rh(III) Ln (Bpin)] may be involved in the reaction.

A general synthesis of fluoroalkylated alkenes by palladium-catalyzed Heck-type reaction of fluoroalkyl bromides.

An efficient palladium-catalyzed Heck-type reaction of fluoroalkyl halides, including perfluoroalkyl bromides, trifluoromethyl iodides, and difluoroalkyl bromides, has been developed. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions with high efficiency and broad substrate scope, and provides a general and straightforward access to fluoroalkylated alkenes which are of interest in life and material sciences.

Synthesis of Tat tagged and folate modified N-succinyl-chitosan self-assembly nanoparticles as a novel gene vector.

The purpose of this research was to prepare a novel type of Tat tagged and folate modified N-succinyl-chitosan (Tat-Suc-FA) self-assembly nanoparticles, to provide a new vector for tumor gene therapy. In this study, Tat-Suc-FA polymers was synthesized and characterized using (1)H NMR and FT-IR. The copolymer had a mean diameter of 65 ± 22.