Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Suppresses the Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cell Growth and Invasion by Promoting DNA Damage Response Under Oxidative Stress.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that interacts with multiple signaling pathways during prostate development. In the present study, LNCaP cells were knocked down of AhR by siRNA, or treated with the AhR agonist 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC). The effects of AhR on LNCaP cells and the associated mechanisms were studied both under normal condition and under hydrogen peroxide (HO)induced oxidative stress.

Reduction of α-dystroglycan expression is correlated with poor prognosis in glioma.

Dystroglycan (DG), a multifunctional protein dimer of non-covalently linked α and β subunits, is best known as an adhesion and transduction molecule linking the cytoskeleton and intracellular signaling pathways to extracellular matrix proteins. Loss of DG binding, possibly by degradation or disturbed glycosylation, has been reported in a variety of cancers. DG is abundant at astroglial endfeet forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and glia limitans; so, we examined if loss of expression is associated with glioma.

Overexpression of focal adhesion kinase correlates with increased lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether focal adhesion kinase (FAK) overexpression correlates with lymph node metastases and prognosis.

Methods: The protein expression of FAK was investigated in 153 paraffin-embedded tissues by immunohistochemical analysis and then correlated with various clinicopathologic parameters. FAK mRNA level was detected with quantitative RT-PCR in 57 NSCLC frozen tissues and 20 normal matched tissues.

[Expression and function of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietins in rat brain after cerebral ischemia].

Objective: To examine the temporal and spatial expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietins (Ang) in rat brain after cerebral ischemia, and to elucidate the roles they played in angiogenesis and vascular permeability.

Methods: Rats were subjected to either middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham operation. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of VEGF, Ang-1 and Ang-2 at different time points after ischemia.

Expression of the androgen receptor and its correlation with molecular subtypes in 980 chinese breast cancer patients.

Background: Recent studies have shown that androgen displays an inhibitory effect on breast cancer cell lines that express androgen receptor (AR) but not estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). We have previously reported that approximately 1/3 of ER negative high grade invasive ductal carcinomas express AR. Thus, AR can serve as a potential therapeutic target for this group of patients.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Background: Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a rare thyroid neoplasm, which shares some histologic features with thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC). Clinically, it is frequently misdiagnosed as papillary carcinoma, even for some experienced pathologists. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HTT is variant of TPC or HTT is an independent entity of thyroid neoplasm.

Expression of thrombin and its associated protein in cerebellum of human and rat after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can cause brain damage through a number of pathways. The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of thrombin, protease nexin-1 (PN-1) and protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) in rat and human cerebellum after ICH.

Methods: A model of ICH was produced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by direct injection of autologous blood (50 microl) into caudate nucleus.

Reduced expression and novel splice variants of ING4 in human gastric adenocarcinoma.

ING4, a new member of the ING (inhibitor of growth) family of tumour suppressor genes, has been found to be deleted or down-regulated in gliomas, breast tumours, and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether the expression and alternative splicing of ING4 transcripts are involved in the initiation and progression of stomach adenocarcinoma. ING4 mRNA and protein expression was examined in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines by RT-PCR, real-time RT-PCR, tissue microarray immunohistochemistry, and western blot analysis.

[Influences of bFGF and EGF on the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells after cerebral infarction in human].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) and proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) after human cerebral infarction.

Methods: Paraffin-embedded brain tissues of 22 human fatal cases of CI from the brain tissues around subventricular zone and subgranular layer zone were stained with HE and immunohistochemistry stain. The endogenous neural stem cells were marked by nestin.

Cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer's disease: the expression of amyloid-beta and apolipoprotein E in human hippocampus.

Growing evidence suggests a synergistic and perhaps etiological relationship between vascular disease and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized by the progressive accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta). Moreover, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has also been shown to be associated with AD and cerebral ischemia. It seems that cerebral ischemia may play an important, both direct and indirect, role in the pathogenesis of AD.

[Expressions of heme oxygenase-1 and apoptosis-modulating proteins in peri-hematoma cortex after intracerebral hemorrhage in human being].

Objective: To observe the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and Bcl-2, an apoptosis-modulating protein, in the neurons surrounding the hematoma in human being.

Methods: Specimens of cerebral cortex tissue 1 - 3 cm around the hemorrhagic focus with the size of 2.0 cm x 1.

[Clinicopathologic study of ischemic intestinal disease due to mesenteric venous lesions].

Objective: To study the clinical and pathologic features of ischemic intestinal disease due to mesenteric phlebitis.

Method: The clinical and pathologic features of the mesenteric venous lesions in 3 patients of ischemic intestinal disease admitted during the period from 2003 to 2004 were studied.

Results: All 3 patients had a clinical history of acute abdominal pain accompanying with a diffuse peritonitis.

Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Aim: To investigate the clinicopathological features of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and to study the reference indexes for malignancy.

Methods: Fifty-two cases of primary GIST were distinguished from a group of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors using a panel of antibodies such as CD117 and CD34 by immunohistochemical SP method. Their biological behaviors were analyzed using the expression of p21WAF1 and Bax in 52 cases of GIST.

Expression of cytoskeleton and apoptosis related genes after cerebral infarction.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the expression and regulation of cytoskeleton and apoptosis related genes in several brain areas after cerebral infarction.

Methods: Tissues were collected from ten autopsy brains from cerebral infarction patients. Using immunohistochemistry, several cytoskeleton and apoptosis related genes were examined in these tissues.

[Expression of amyloid beta protein and amyloid precursor protein after focal brain ischemia in human].

Objective: To observe the expression of amyloid beta precursor protein and amyloid beta protein in neurons of hippocampal CA1 region after brain ischemia in human.

Methods: Neuronal damage was examined by using HE staining, and expression of APP and Abeta(1-40) was determined by immunohistochemistry in the hippocampal CA1 region of the brain specimens of 43 patients who died 2 h-6 h, 7 h-24 h, 25 h-48 h, 49 h-72 h, 73 h-96 h, 97 h-144 h, or 145 h-168 h after cerebral ischemia and in 2 specimens of patients who died of other diseases as control group.

Results: The expression of Abeta(1-40) was 25.

Correlation between neuronal injury and Caspase-3 after focal ischemia in human hippocampus.

Background: Cerebral ischemia is a significant clinical problem, and cerebral ischemia usually causes neuron injury such as apoptosis in various brain areas, including hippocampus. Cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease (Caspases) are fundamental factors of apoptotic mechanism. Caspase-3 inhibitors show effect in attenuating brain injury after ischemia.