Unveiling the biological activities of the microbial long chain hydroxy fatty acids as dual agonists of GPR40 and GPR120.

The physiological functions of various fatty acid-originating metabolites from foods and fermented products remained mostly untouched. Thereby, this study examined the biological activities of hydroxy fatty acids as agonists of G protein-coupled receptors (i.e.

Structure modeling-based characterization of ChnD, the 6-hydroxyhexanoate dehydrogenase from Acinetobacter sp. strain NCIMB 9871.

α,ω-Dicarboxylic acids, ω-aminoalkanoic acids, and α,ω-diaminoalkanes are valuable building blocks for the production of biopolyesters and biopolyamides. One of the key steps in producing these chemicals is the oxidation of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids using alcohol dehydrogenases (e.g.

Attentional bias for high-calorie food cues by the level of hunger and satiety in individuals with binge eating behaviors.

Introduction: The abnormal hyperreactivity to food cues in individuals with binge eating behaviors could be regulated by hedonic or reward-based system, overriding the homeostatic system. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether attentional bias for food cues is affected by the level of hunger, maintaining the normal homeostatic system in individuals with binge eating behaviors.

Methods: A total of 116 female participants were recruited and divided into four groups: hungry-binge eating group (BE) ( = 29), satiated BE ( = 29), hungry-control ( = 29), satiated control ( = 29).

A uniform conditioning regimen of busulfan, fludarabine, and antithymocyte globulin for allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation from haploidentical family, matched sibling, or unrelated donors-A single-centre, prospective, explorative study.

In a prospective, explorative study, the donor-source difference of haploidentical family (HF), matched sibling (MS), and unrelated donors (UD) was evaluated for the outcome of haematopoietic cell transplantations (HCT) in 101 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in complete remission (CR). To eliminate compounding effects, a uniform conditioning regimen containing antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was used. After transplantation, there was a significantly higher cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in HF-HCT patients (49%, 7%, and 16% for HF-, MS- and UD-HCT respectively; p < 0.

Incidence, Management, and Prognosis of Graft Failure and Autologous Reconstitution after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Background: This study presents outcomes of management in graft failure (GF) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) and provides prognostic information including rare cases of autologous reconstitution (AR).

Methods: We analyzed risk factors and outcomes of primary and secondary GF, and occurrence of AR in 1,630 HCT recipients transplanted over period of 18 years (January 2000-September 2017) at our center.

Results: Primary and secondary GF occurred in 13 (0.

Polymorphisms of MFGE8 are associated with susceptibility and clinical manifestations through gene expression modulation in Koreans with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by impaired clearance of apoptotic cells. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) is a protein that connects αvβ3 integrin on phagocytic macrophages with phosphatidylserine on apoptotic cells. We investigated whether genetic variation of the MFGE8 gene and serum MFGE8 concentration are associated with SLE.

Endocytosing Escherichia coli as a Whole-Cell Biocatalyst of Fatty Acids.

Whole cell biocatalysts can be used to convert fatty acids into various value-added products. However, fatty acid transport across cellular membranes into the cytosol of microbial cells limits substrate availability and impairs membrane integrity, which in turn decreases cell viability and bioconversion activity. Because these problems are associated with the mechanism of fatty acid transport through membranes, a whole-cell biocatalyst that can form caveolae-like structures was generated to promote substrate endocytosis.

Multi-level engineering of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase-based Escherichia coli biocatalysts for the production of C9 chemicals from oleic acid.

Whole-cell biotransformation is one of the promising alternative approaches to microbial fermentation for producing high-value chemicals. Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO)-based Escherichia coli biocatalysts have been engineered to produce industrially relevant C9 chemicals, such as n-nonanoic acid and 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, from a renewable long-chain fatty acid. The key enzyme in the biotransformation pathway (i.

Decitabine Versus Intensive Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have generally had a poor prognosis with unfavorable clinical and biologic disease features. Hypomethylating agents have shown potential for treating medically unfit and elderly patients with AML.

Patients And Methods: We compared the outcomes of elderly patients with AML treated with decitabine and intensive chemotherapy (IC).

Improving catalytic activity of the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase-based Escherichia coli biocatalysts for the overproduction of (Z)-11-(heptanoyloxy)undec-9-enoic acid from ricinoleic acid.

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) can be used for the biosynthesis of lactones and esters from ketones. However, the BVMO-based biocatalysts are not so stable under process conditions. Thereby, this study focused on enhancing stability of the BVMO-based biocatalysts.

Comparison of anthracyclines used for induction chemotherapy in patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated acute myeloid leukemia.

This retrospective analysis compared anthracyclines (as part of an induction regimen) in 128 newly diagnosed FLT3-ITD-mutated AML patients. Induction regimens comprised high-dose daunorubicin (HD-DN; 90 mg/m/d × 3d; n = 44), standard-dose daunorubicin (SD-DN; 45 mg/m/d × 3d; n = 51), or idarubicin (IDA; 12 mg/m/d × 3d; n = 33) in combination with cytarabine (100-200 mg/m/d × 7d). Fifty-three patients showing persistent leukemia on interim bone marrow examination received a second course of induction chemotherapy comprising 2 days of daunorubicin (45 mg/m/d) or IDA (8 or 12 mg/m/d) in addition to 5 days of cytarabine.

Activation of the Glutamic Acid-Dependent Acid Resistance System in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) Leads to Increase of the Fatty Acid Biotransformation Activity.

The biosynthesis of carboxylic acids including fatty acids from biomass is central in envisaged biorefinery concepts. The productivities are often, however, low due to product toxicity that hamper whole-cell biocatalyst performance. Here, we have investigated factors that influence the tolerance of Escherichia coli to medium chain carboxylic acid (i.

3'-UTR engineering to improve soluble expression and fine-tuning of activity of cascade enzymes in Escherichia coli.

3'-Untranslated region (3'UTR) engineering was investigated to improve solubility of heterologous proteins (e.g., Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs)) in Escherichia coli.

High temperature stimulates acetic acid accumulation and enhances the growth inhibition and ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae under fermenting conditions.

Cellular responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to high temperatures of up to 42 °C during ethanol fermentation at a high glucose concentration (i.e., 100 g/L) were investigated.

Ethanol reduces mitochondrial membrane integrity and thereby impacts carbon metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent ethanol producer, but is rather sensitive to high concentration of ethanol. Here, influences of ethanol on cellular membrane integrity and carbon metabolism of S. cerevisiae were investigated to rationalize mechanism involved in ethanol toxicity.