Mobile resistome of human gut and pathogen drives anthropogenic bloom of antibiotic resistance.

Background: The impact of human activities on the environmental resistome has been documented in many studies, but there remains the controversial question of whether the increased antibiotic resistance observed in anthropogenically impacted environments is just a result of contamination by resistant fecal microbes or is mediated by indigenous environmental organisms. Here, to determine exactly how anthropogenic influences shape the environmental resistome, we resolved the microbiome, resistome, and mobilome of the planktonic microbial communities along a single river, the Han, which spans a gradient of human activities.

Results: The bloom of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was evident in the downstream regions and distinct successional dynamics of the river resistome occurred across the spatial continuum.

Flavobacterium foetidum sp. nov., isolated from ginseng soil.

A Gram-staining-negative bacterial strain, designated CJ42, was isolated from ginseng soil in Anseong, Republic of Korea. Cells were rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented, aerobic and devoid of flagella but showed gliding motility. Strain CJ42 grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7.