Pathologic Status of Tissue Around the Malleus Handle Tip in Endoscopic Tympanoplasty: Potential Impact on Surgical Decisions.

To avoid postoperatively acquired cholesteatoma, whether there was any squamous epithelial tissues residue around the tip of the malleus handle, and the need to remove these tissues were explored. This prospective study enrolled 197 patients who underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty. A postoperative pathological evaluation of the tissue around the tip of the malleus handle was performed to determine the presence of squamous epithelium.

Rab11a Regulates the Development of Cilia and Establishment of Planar Cell Polarity in Mammalian Vestibular Hair Cells.

Vestibular organs have unique planar cell polarity (Figure 1A), and their normal development and function are dependent on the regular polarity of cilia (Figure 1B) requires. Rab11a is a small G protein that participates in the transportation of intracellular and extracellular materials required for polarity formation; however, our understanding of the mechanisms of the actions of Rab11a in vestibular organs is limited. Here, we showed that the general shape of the utricle was abnormal in mice.