[Safety and efficacy of China-made sildenafil citrate in the treatment of erectile dysfunction].

Objective: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerability of China-made sildenafil citrate (Jinge) in the treatment of ED.

Methods: We conducted a multi-center, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial among 222 ED patients in five urological or andrological clinics of China. The patients were randomly assigned to receive sildenafil citrate (SC, n = 111) or placebo (n = 111) for 8 weeks.

Medical management of erectile dysfunction in aging males: is it too late to treat?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common disorder among aging males. However, most aging males refuse to seek medical help and believe that ED is an irreversible event in the aging process. The purpose of this study was to describe the current medical management of ED in aging males and to examine whether it is too late to treat this disorder in these elderly men.

Association of depression/anxiety with lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction in Chinese men aged from 22 to 50 years.

Objective: To examine the relationships among lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), erectile dysfunction (ED) and mental health in Chinese men aged from 22 to 50.

Methods: The subjects were 907 men aged between 22 and 50 years. The symptoms of mental distress were evaluated by the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale questionnaires and Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale questionnaires.

Andrology in China: current status and 10 years' progress.

Andrology has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine. There are records of male sexual health, male sexual dysfunction and male infertility from over thousands of years ago. Modern andrology in China had a late start, with the Chinese Andrology Association founded in 1995.

[Benefits of tadalafil to ED patients].

Objective: To gain a deeper insight into the benefits of oral tadalafil for patients with erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods: From January 2008 to June 2009, we conducted a nationwide survey on the quality of male erectile function among the outpatients under the direction of the Chinese Association of Andrology. A total of 205 ED patients were prescribed oral tadalafil and accomplished a questionnaire investigation after 4 weeks of medication.

[Analysis of serum electrolytes in urolithiasis patients].

Objective: To define the difference of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP), hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of urine and urine specific gravity (SG) between those patients suffering from urolithiasis and non-urolithiasis at the same time period.

Methods: Data from 1 164 patients admitted to the Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital from January, 2005 to July, 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Seven hundred fourteen patients suffered from urolithiasis, and 450 patients were diagnosed as non-urolithiasis.

[Epidemiological changes of ED patients: investigations in 11 Chinese cities during the past 5 years].

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological changes of erectile dysfunction (ED) patients in the past five years.

Methods: In 2003 and 2008, we conducted two questionnaire investigations on the epidemiological changes of ED outpatients in 11 Chinese cities in such aspects as age, disease course, ED severity, smoking and drinking habits, accompanying hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD), and sexual intercourse satisfaction.

Results: According to the valid copies of the questionnaire collected (808 in 2003 and 858 in 2008), the age pattern of the ED patients hardly changed in the past five years, over 60% aged 30 - 50 years.

Early and delayed castrations confer a similar survival advantage in TRAMP mice.

The most appropriate time to introduce androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer remains controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of early versus delayed surgical castration on prostate cancer progression and survival in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. TRAMP mice were randomly divided into three groups: the early castration group (on which castration was performed at the age of 4 weeks), the delayed castration group (on which castration was performed when abdominal tumours could be palpated), and the sham-castrated group.

[A decade's evidence review of sildenafil citrate].

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most popular and disturbing sexual problems, which impairs patients' health and affects their quality of life. Sildenafil citrate, the first oral PDE-5 inhibitor in the world, has established its efficacy and safety credit in both doctors and ED patients. The authors reviewed the results of related studies in the last decade and made deeper insights into the use of sildenafil citrate in such aspects as the general drug tolerance and its influence on the cardiovascular system, potentiality of concomitant diseases with co-administration of other drugs, long-term safety, and ocular and genital safety.

Clinical observation of loupe-assisted intussusception vasoepididymostomy in the treatment of obstructive azoospermia (analysis of 49 case reports).

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of loupe-assisted intussusception vasoepididymostomy (VE) in the treatment of epididymal obstructive azoospermia (EOA), we retrospectively analyzed data from 49 patients with EOA who underwent two-suture longitudinal intussusception vasoepididymostomy (LIVE) between 2000 and 2007. The data included the surgical method, postoperative motile sperm count per ejaculation, percentage of progressive motile sperm and patency and pregnancy outcomes. There were a total of 49 men undergoing scrotal exploration, and epididymal obstruction was found in all cases.

[Multi-centered clinical trial of Fufang Xuanju capsule for oligoasthenospermia].

Objective: To observe the efficacy of Fufang Xuanju Capsule in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia.

Methods: Using a multi-centered, open and self-controlled clinical trial, we treated 120 patients with oligoasthenospermia, with Fufang Xuanju Capsule for 12 weeks, and evaluated the efficacy of the capsule with sperm concentration and vitality (a + b) as the primary and the number of grade a sperm, sperm motility (a + b + c) and semen volume as the secondary therapeutic indexes.

Results: A total of 107 patients accomplished the clinical trial.

[Prostatic abscess: a report of 2 cases and meta-analysis of domestic literature in recent 10 years].

Objective: To report 2 cases of prostatic abscess and review the current characteristics of prostatic abscess in China.

Methods: Two cases of prostatic abscess were reported, and a meta-analysis was made of the literature from the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database and Wanfang Data in recent 10 years.

Results: Both the cases had a high glucose level, and one of them had received instrumental examination of the lower urinary tract prior to the problem, both with difficult defecation, severe perineal pain and high fever, with normal peripheral white blood cell count and negative urine routine.

[Aildenafil citrate: a new potent and highly selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of aildenafil citrate, an oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Methods: Integrated analyses were made of 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trials involving 250 men with mild-to-severe erectile dysfunction of various etiologies who received aildenafil citrate 30 or 60 mg (n = 167) or placebo (n = 83).

Results: The statistic results of International Index of Erectile Function, Patient Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diaries and Global Assessment Question (GAQ) were significantly higher in the aildenafil citrate patients than in the placebo controls.

[Chinese men's attitudes to life events and sexuality: prevalence of erectile dysfunction and related health concerns among Chinese men in Asian MALES study].

Objective: The aims of Asian Men's Attitudes to Life Events and Sexuality (Asian MALES)-China study were to identify the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and related health concerns in the general male population in China, and to examine the attitudes and behaviors of men in relation to these health issues.

Methods: A total of 2055 men aged 20-75 years were included in Phase-I MALES study using a standardized questionnaire, and another 225 recruited from the sub-sample of Phase-I MALES participants with reported ED and some ED patients from other sources were involved in Phase-II Asian MALES- China study, with the prevalence of ED and men's associated attitudes as the main measure.

Results: The overall rate of ED in the Asian MALES-China sample was 5.

Efficacy and safety of on-demand tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in South-East Asian men.

Aim: Tadalafil is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). The efficacy and safety of tadalafil have been evaluated extensively in Western populations. Our aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of on-demand tadalafil for the treatment of ED in South-East Asian men.

[Study on the knowledge of and attitude to sexual dysfunction in aged men].

Objective: To investigate the knowledge of and attitude to sexual dysfunction in aged men, and to discuss the status and needs of male healthcare.

Methods: Two thousand seven hundred and twenty-eight men (40-70 years old) were surveyed on sexual dysfunction using the randomized questionnaire in Xicheng District, Beijing.

Results: The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) was 41.

[Outline of diagnosis and treatment on male sexual dysfunction].

Sexual dysfunction is common among male adults. Here we summarized the recent papers and provided the outline of diagnosis and treatment on male sexual dysfunction.

[Advances in the treatment of erectile dysfunction by viagra].

Viagra has become the first line drug for the treatment of erectile dysfunction since it was first introduced in 1998. Its efficacy and safety have been sidely acclaimed as being definite. This article presents a brief review about the advances in the studies of Viagra, including its therapeutic effect and safety, its protection of penile health, and its promotion of self-esteem and sexual relationship.

Prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in three cities of China: a community-based study.

Aim: To determine the age-adjusted prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in 3 big cities of China and to explore its potential sociodemographic, medical and lifestyle correlates.

Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based survey was conducted in three cities of China. Structured questionnaires were administered to 2 226 men, aged 20 - 86 years, by trained interviewers.

Electron paramagnetic resonance in monitoring of nitric oxide production after kidney transplantation in rats.

Background: Much research has been focused on ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) to the transplanted organs. As a free radical, nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in IRI. In this study, the production of NO and its functions during IRI were monitored in rat models after allotransplantation of kidney grafts.

Sexual function of premature ejaculation patients assayed with Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation.

Aim: To assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation (CIPE).

Methods: The sexual function of 167 patients with and 114 normal controls without premature ejaculation (PE) were evaluated with CIPE. All subjects were married and had regular sexual activity.

Study of PSA, PSMA and hK2 mRNA in peripheral blood of prostate cancer patients and its clinical implications.

Objective: To study the prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and human glandular kallikrein (hK2) mRNA in peripheral blood samples of prostate cancer (PC) patients with bone metastasis by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based assay, and to discuss their clinical implications.

Methods: Samples of peripheral blood were analyzed by nested RT-PCR to identify PSA, PSMA and hK2 mRNA expression.

Results: RT-PCR assay was applied to identify the PSA, PSMA and hK2 mRNA expressing LNCaP cells, which were diluted by lymphocytes to 10(-6), 10(-6) and 10(-7) separately.

[Efficacy and safety of PGE1 cream in the treatment of erectile dysfunction].

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PGE1 cream[Befar, NexMed Pharmaceuticals(Zhongshan) Ltd] on men with ED of various etiologies in China.

Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized (1:1, placebo: PGE1 cream), placebo-controlled clinic study of PGE1 cream performed at Peking University Pepole's Hospital for 8 weeks. A total of 42 subjects suffered from erectile dysfunction of psychologic, organic or mixed etiology were screened and randomized, and visited occurred at weeks -4, 0, 2 and 4 weeks covering a 4-week no treatment run-in period and a 4-week period of double blind treatment.

[Diagnostic approaches of neurogenic erectile dysfunction].

Objectives: To discuss the diagnostic approaches of neurogenic erectile dysfunction(ED), and to improve the diagnostic efficacy.

Methods: Two hundred and one patients with ED were evaluated by physical examination, IIEF-5, intracavernous injection, colour duplex ultrasonography and bulbocavernosus reflex latency, respectively.

Results: Among those ED patients, 173, 201, 106, 57 and 27 cases had undergone above-mentioned examines, 13 neurogenic ED and 188 miscellaneous(and unknown-causes) ED were diagnosed.