Realignment Surgery for Failed Osteochondral Autologous Transplantation in Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus Associated With Malalignment.

Background: While osteochondral autologous transplantation (OAT) offers favorable results in most patients with osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT), some patients continue to experience persistent pain following the procedure. Information regarding the etiology of this pain and outcomes of revision surgery are limited. This study aimed to report results of revision surgery with realignment procedures in patients with failed OAT who demonstrated concomitant malalignment at the distal tibia or hindfoot.

PKR-Mediated Phosphorylation of eIF2a and CHK1 Is Associated with Doxorubicin-Mediated Apoptosis in HCC1143 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer is more aggressive than other types of breast cancer. Protein kinase R (PKR), which is activated by dsRNA, is known to play a role in doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis; however, its role in DNA damage-mediated apoptosis is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of PKR and its downstream players in doxorubicin-treated HCC1143 triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Lower limb alignment in patients with primary valgus ankle arthritis: A comparative analysis with patients with varus ankle arthritis and healthy controls.

Background: While it is commonly acknowledged that the combined effect of lower limb orientation and ankle and hindfoot alignment play a fundamental role in ankle arthritis, supramalleolar/lower limb alignment has received less attention in valgus ankle arthritis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the lower limb alignment of patients with valgus ankle arthritis with primary origin, compared to that of varus ankle arthritis and normal controls. We hypothesized that patients with valgus ankle arthritis would have the opposite pattern of lower limb alignment as those with varus ankle arthritis.

Dome Supramalleolar Osteotomies for the Treatment of Ankle Pain with Opposing Coronal Plane Deformities Between Ankle and the Lower Limb.

Background: The dome-type osteotomy is a powerful technique for deformity correction of the limb. However, there is limited information about the utility of dome supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) in ankle joint preservation surgery. This study aimed to describe the technique and indications for dome SMO in distal tibial malalignment.

Repositional Subtalar Arthrodesis Combined With Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Late-Stage Varus Ankle Arthritis With Hindfoot Valgus.

Background: Late-stage varus ankle arthritis is thought to be associated with varus of the tibial plafond and hindfoot. However, some late-stage varus arthritis show hindfoot valgus, which can be explained by subtalar subluxation with opposite directional motion between the talus and calcaneus. We hypothesized that late-stage varus ankle arthritis with hindfoot valgus could improve with repositional subtalar arthrodesis and supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO).

Joint Preservation Surgery for Varus Ankle Arthritis with Large Talar Tilt.

Background: Varus ankle arthritis with large talar tilt (TT) is a challenging condition when considering joint preservation surgery. Three-dimensional deformity of the talus has been demonstrated with weightbearing computed tomography in varus ankle arthritis with large TT. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiographic results of posterior tibial tendon (PTT) transfer generally combined with bony realignment for varus ankle arthritis with large TT in nonparalytic ankle arthritis and to determine the indications for PTT transfer.

Outcomes of Joint Preservation Surgery in Valgus Ankle Arthritis Without Deltoid Ligament Insufficiency.

Background: To date, information about the role of proximal alignment correction in treating nontraumatic valgus ankle arthritis is limited. This study aimed to report outcomes of realignment surgery, including supramalleolar correction in valgus arthritic ankles without evidence of deltoid ligament insufficiency.

Methods: Thirteen patients (13 ankles) who underwent joint preservation surgery for valgus ankle arthritis without evidence of deltoid ligament insufficiency were reviewed.

Clinical and Radiographic Results of Ankle Joint Preservation Surgery in Posterior Ankle Arthritis.

Background: Little information is available about how to manage ankles with eccentric arthritis in the sagittal plane. This study aimed to report clinical and radiographic outcomes following joint preservation surgery for ankles with eccentric arthritis at the posterior tibiotalar joint and a plantarflexed talus in the sagittal plane, which we named posterior ankle arthritis.

Methods: Ten ankles with posterior ankle arthritis were treated with realignment surgery between 2017 and 2018.

Eccentric ankle arthritis in the sagittal plane: a novel description of anterior and posterior ankle arthritis.

Background: To report radiographic characteristics of anterior and posterior ankle arthritis, which demonstrates the eccentric narrowing of either aspect of the tibiotalar joint in the sagittal plane.

Methods: Radiographic analysis of 19 ankles with anterior arthritis and 16 ankles with posterior arthritis was performed, which were defined as having both (1) eccentric narrowing of the anterior or posterior tibiotalar joint space on lateral radiographs and (2) talar tilt angle less than 4 degrees on anteroposterior radiographs. Measured radiographic parameters were: Talar tilt angle, medial distal tibial angle (MDTA), talar center migration (TCM), anterior distal tibial angle (ADTA), tibial axis-to-talus ratio (TT ratio), talo-first metatarsal (Meary) angle, hindfoot alignment angle (HAA), hindfoot moment arm, and mechanical axis deviation (MAD).

Characteristics of medial gutter arthritis on weightbearing CT and plain radiograph.

Objective: An ankle arthritis with medial gutter obliteration is known to have good results after joint preservation surgery. However, the diagnosis is often missed on radiographs. The aims of this study were to investigate sensitivity of radiographs in the identification of medial gutter arthritis, incidence and direction of the talar tilt on weightbearing CT (WBCT), and to assess radiographic alignment of the medial gutter arthritis.

Dynamic medial column stabilization using flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer in the surgical reconstruction of flatfoot deformity in adults.

Background: A common challenge in flatfoot reconstruction arises when there are multiple locations of collapse within the medial column. An extension of arthrodesis may lead to complications such as stiffness or adjacent joint arthritis. The purpose of this study was to report outcomes of flatfoot reconstruction using the dynamic medial column stabilization (DMCS) technique, which transfers the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon to the first metatarsal base to support the entire medial column.

Radiographic characteristics and outcomes of simple resection for naviculo-medial cuneiform coalition in adults.

Background: This study aimed to report the outcomes of coalition resection in adults with naviculo-medial cuneiform (NC) coalition.

Methods: Seventeen adults (20 feet) who underwent NC coalition resection were identified. The location and morphology of coalitions and five angular parameters, including medial arch sag angle (MASA), were assessed on weightbearing radiographs.

G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 120 Mediates DHA-Induced Apoptosis by Regulating IP3R, ROS and, ER Stress Levels in Cisplatin-Resistant Cancer Cells.

The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in many types of cancers. However, the roles of DHA in drug-resistant cancer cells have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of DHA in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer SNU-601/cis2 cells.

Nakai Has Synergetic Effects on Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis.

Natural products are valuable sources for drug discovery because they have a wide variety of useful chemical components and biological properties. A quick reevaluation of the potential therapeutic properties of established natural products was made possible by the recent development of the methodology and improvement in the accuracy of an automated high-throughput screening system. In this study, we screened natural product libraries to detect compounds with anticancer effects using HeLa cells.

Apoptotic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Thunb. in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by synovitis, hyperplasia, and the destruction of bone and cartilage. A variety of immunosuppressive biological agents have been developed because the pathogenesis of RA is related predominantly to the inflammatory response. However, rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synovial cells (RAFLS), which are known to play an important role in RA progression, exhibit resistance to immunosuppressants through cancer-like properties.

Weight-bearing computed tomography findings in varus ankle osteoarthritis: abnormal internal rotation of the talus in the axial plane.

Objectives: To assess the incidence of abnormal internal rotation of the talus in the axial plane in patients with varus ankle osteoarthritis, and to determine whether this incidence differs from the severity of varus ankle osteoarthritis (moderate versus severe).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated weight-bearing computed tomography (CT) and plain radiographs of 52 ankles with no abnormalities (control group) and 96 ankles with varus osteoarthritis (varus-OA group), which were further stratified into a moderate-OA subgroup (50 ankles) and a severe-OA subgroup (46 ankles). A new radiographic parameter on weight-bearing CT, the talus rotation ratio, was used to assess the rotation of the talus in the axial plane.

Change in Talar Translation in the Coronal Plane After Mobile-Bearing Total Ankle Replacement and Its Association with Lower-Limb and Hindfoot Alignment.

Background: Mobile-bearing total ankle replacement (TAR) enables motion at the tibial implant-polyethylene insert interface. This motion could lead to coronal translation of the talus relative to the tibia and may affect radiographic outcome. We aimed to assess the translation of the talus before and after mobile-bearing TAR to determine whether translation of the talus after TAR is associated with coronal plane alignment of the lower limb and hindfoot as well as to investigate the complications associated with talar translation.

Demineralized Bone Matrix Injection in Consolidation Phase Enhances Bone Regeneration in Distraction Osteogenesis via Endochondral Bone Formation.

Background: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a promising tool for bone and tissue regeneration. However, prolonged healing time remains a major problem. Various materials including cells, cytokines, and growth factors have been used in an attempt to enhance bone formation.

Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Versus Surgical Resection of Superficial Submucosal Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The long-term outcomes of endoscopic resection of superficial submucosal colorectal cancer (CRC) had not been adequately compared with those of surgical resection.

Aims: We aimed to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection of superficial submucosal CRC to those of surgical resection.

Methods: Submucosal CRC patients with a tumor depth of sm1 or less than 1 mm from the muscularis mucosa were enrolled.

Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Korean version of American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle questionnaire.

The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Questionnaire (AFAQ) reflects patients' subjective disorder due to foot and ankle conditions. We evaluated the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Korean version of the AFAQ, after translation and transcultural adaptation of the original AFAQ into the Korean language. A total of 206 patients were enrolled, including 152 with chronic problems (experimental group) and 54 with acute problems (control group).

Rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: clinical features, endoscopic findings and prognosis.

Background/aims: Rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) accounts for only a small portion of all GISTs, and reports regarding its clinical features and endoscopic findings are still lacking.

Methodology: Thirty-two patients diagnosed as rectal GIST at Asan Medical Center, a tertiary university hospital in Korea between May 2003 and January 2011 were enrolled.

Results: The median age was 54 years (range, 31-79) with 18 males (56.

TNFSF15 is an independent predictor for the development of Crohn's disease-related complications in Koreans.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease involving the whole gastrointestinal tract. TNFSF15 has been proved as a susceptibility gene for CD, but there are few reports about the association between TNFSF15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the clinical course of CD.

Aim: To investigate the association between TNFSF15 genotypes and the clinical course of CD in Koreans.

Portal hypertensive enteropathy diagnosed by capsule endoscopy in cirrhotic patients: a nationwide multicenter study.

Background And Aim: Due to the limited data on portal hypertensive enteropathy (PHE), the prevalence of and clinical factors related to PHE remain unclear. This study determined the prevalence of PHE using capsule endoscopy (CE) and PHE-related clinical factors.

Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study using the Capsule Endoscopy Nationwide Database Registry.

Peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenopathy masquerading as pancreatic malignancy: a single-center experience.

Background And Aim: Peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenopathy is very rare and can be misdiagnosed with pancreatic or peripancreatic malignancies. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcome have not been well known. Herein, we investigated the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), clinical features, and treatment outcomes.