Photoexcitation-Assisted Molecular Doping for High-Performance Polymeric Thermoelectric Materials.

Molecular doping plays a crucial role in modulating the performance of polymeric semiconductor (PSC) materials and devices. Despite the development of numerous molecular dopants and doping methods over the past few decades, achieving highly efficient doping of PSCs remains challenging, primarily because of the inadequate matching of frontier energy levels between the host polymers and the dopants, which is critical for facilitating charge transfer. In this work, we introduce a novel doping method termed photoexcitation-assisted molecular doping (PE-MD), capable of transcending limitations imposed by energy level disparities through the mediation of efficient photoinduced electron transfer between polymers and dopants.

High spatiotemporal resolution scintillation imaging of pulsed pencil beam scanning proton beams produced by a gantry-mounted synchrocyclotron.

Background: A dosimeter with high spatial and temporal resolution would be of significant interest for pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton beams' characterization, especially when facing small fields and beams with high temporal dynamics. Optical imaging of scintillators has potential in providing sub-millimeter spatial resolution with pulse-by-pulse basis temporal resolution when the imaging system is capable of operating in synchrony with the beam-producing accelerator.

Purpose: We demonstrate the feasibility of imaging PBS proton beams as they pass through a plastic scintillator detector to simultaneously obtain multiple beam parameters, including proton range, pencil beam's widths at different depths, spot's size, and spot's position on a pulse-by-pulse basis with sub-millimeter resolution.

Achieving High Thermoelectric Performance in ZnSe-Doped CuGaTe by Optimizing the Carrier Concentration and Reducing Thermal Conductivity.

The CuGaTe thermoelectric material has garnered widespread attention as an inexpensive and nontoxic material for mid-temperature thermoelectric applications. However, its development has been hindered by its low intrinsic carrier concentration and high thermal conductivity. This study investigates the band structure and thermoelectric properties of (CuGaTe) (ZnSe) ( = 0, 0.

Simultaneously Boosting Thermoelectric and Mechanical Properties of n-Type MgSbBi-Based Zintls through Energy-Band and Defect Engineering.

Incorporating donor doping into MgSbBi to achieve n-type conductivity is one of the crucial strategies for performance enhancement. In pursuit of higher thermoelectric performance, we herein report co-doping with Te and Y to optimize the thermoelectric properties of MgSbBi, achieving a peak exceeding 1.7 at 703 K in YMgSbBiTe.

Band Engineering and Phonon Engineering Effectively Improve n-Type MgSb Thermoelectric Material Properties.

MgSb-based thermoelectric materials can convert heat and electricity into each other, making them a promising class of environmentally friendly materials. Further improving the electrical performance while effectively reducing the thermal conductivity is a crucial issue. In this paper, under the guidance of the oneness principle calculation, we designed a thermoelectric Zintl phase based on MgSbBi doped with Tb and Er.

Treatment of filtration bleb dysfunction after glaucoma surgery by needle revision of filtration bleb combined with conbercept.

Filtration surgery (Trabeculectomy) is the main treatment for glaucoma. The scarring of the filtration bleb and obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor through the filtration channel are the main reasons of the surgery failure. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of needle revision of filtration blebs combined with subconjunctival injection of conbercept on the functional bleb formation in glaucoma patients with eye pressure out of control after trabeculectomy.

AgCl Addition to Chalcopyrite Compound for Ultra-Low Thermal Conductivity in Realizing High ZT Thermoelectric Materials.

Optimizing the performance of thermoelectric materials by reducing its thermal conductivity is crucial to enhance its thermoelectric efficiency. Novel thermoelectric materials like the CuGaTe compound are hindered by high intrinsic thermal conductivity, which negatively impacts its thermoelectric performance. In this paper, we report that the introduction of AgCl by the solid-phase melting method will influence the thermal conductivity of CuGaTe.

Evaluating motion of pancreatic tumors and anatomical surrogates using cine MRI in 0.35T MRgRT under free breathing conditions.

Treatment tolerability is a significant limitation to pancreatic cancer treatment with radiotherapy due to proximity to highly radiosensitive organs and respiratory motion necessitating expanded target margins. Further, pancreatic tumors are difficult to visualize on conventional radiotherapy systems. Surrogates are often used to locate the tumor but are often inconsistent and do not provide strong positional relations throughout the respiratory cycle.

Recyclable TPA-Modified MIL-88-Supported Ionic Pt as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for Alkene Hydrosilylation.

The hydrosilylation reaction driven by a homogeneous catalyst has been widely used in the industrial synthesis of functionalized silicone compounds. However, the homogeneous catalyst for hydrosilylation has the shortcomings of nonrecyclability, undesirable side reactions, and high cost. In this work, a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst was prepared by loading Pt ions on MIL-88 modified with trimethoxy[3-(phenylamino)propyl]silane.

Regulation of drought tolerance in Arabidopsis involves the PLATZ4-mediated transcriptional repression of plasma membrane aquaporin PIP2;8.

Plant A/T-rich protein and zinc-binding protein (PLATZ) transcription factors play important roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress responses. However, how PLATZ influences plant drought tolerance remains poorly understood. The present study showed that PLATZ4 increased drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana by causing stomatal closure.

Development and validation of the prediction models for preeclampsia: a retrospective, single-center, case-control study.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Accurate screening of PE is currently the focus of clinical attention. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting PE.

An innovative three-layer strategy in response to a quartan malaria outbreak among forest goers in Hainan Island, China: a retrospective study.

Background: An outbreak of Plasmodium malariae infection among forest goers in Sanya City of Hainan Island, China was reported in 2015. In response to this outbreak, an innovative three-layer strategy (TLS) targeted forest goers was adapted based on the 1-3-7 approach.

Main Text: Key elements of TLS are: (i) The village with five malaria cases and adjacent villages were set as the first layer.

Surveillance and response systems driving malaria elimination in the mountain areas of Hainan Province.

Hainan Province is in a tropical area of China and previously experienced serious P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria epidemics.

Technical note: Institutional solution of clinical cine MRI for tumor motion evaluation in radiotherapy.

Purpose: Since 4D-MRI is inadequate to capture dynamic respiratory variations, real-time cinematographic (cine) MRI is actively used in MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) for tumor motion evaluation, delineation, and tracking. However, most radiotherapy imaging platforms do not support the format of cine MRI from clinical MRI systems. This study developed an institutional solution of clinical cine MRI for tumor motion evaluation in radiotherapy applications.

Visually guided respiratory motion management for Ethos adaptive radiotherapy.

Purpose: Ethos adaptive radiotherapy (ART) is emerging with AI-enhanced adaptive planning and high-quality cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Although a respiratory motion management solution is critical for reducing motion artifacts on abdominothoracic CBCT and improving tumor motion control during beam delivery, our institutional Ethos system has not incorporated a commercial solution. Here we developed an institutional visually guided respiratory motion management system to coach patients in regular breathing or breath hold during intrafractional CBCT scans and beam delivery with Ethos ART.

Evaluation of super-resolution on 50 pancreatic cancer patients with real-time cine MRI from 0.35T MRgRT.

MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) systems provide excellent soft tissue imaging immediately prior to and in real time during radiation delivery for cancer treatment. However, 2D cine MRI often has limited spatial resolution due to high temporal resolution. This work applies a super resolution machine learning framework to 3.

Membrane-confined liquid-liquid phase separation toward artificial organelles.

As the basic unit of life, cells are compartmentalized microreactors with molecularly crowded microenvironments. The quest to understand the cell origin inspires the design of synthetic analogs to mimic their functionality and structural complexity. In this work, we integrate membraneless coacervate microdroplets, a prototype of artificial organelles, into a proteinosome to build hierarchical protocells that may serve as a more realistic model of cellular organization.

Mechanism of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived-Extracellular Vesicle in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated in cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury process. In this study, after extraction and identification of human umbilical cord MSCs (HMCs)-derived EVs, I/R rat models were established and treated with HMC-EVs to measure pathological damage, apoptosis and inflammation in brain tissues. The differentially expressed microRNAs (miRs) in HMC-EVs and I/R rat tissues were screened.

A method for predictive modeling of tumor regression for lung adaptive radiotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to create a decision support methodology to predict when patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment for locally advanced lung cancer would potentially benefit from adaptive radiotherapy. The proposed methodology seeks to eliminate the manual subjective review by developing an automated statistical learning model to predict when tumor regression would trigger implementation of adaptive radiotherapy based on quantified anatomic changes observed in individual patients on-treatment cone beam computed tomographies (CTs). This proposed process seeks to improve the efficacy and efficiency of both the existing manual and automated adaptive review processes for locally advanced stage III lung cancer.

Self-Assembly of Free-Standing LiMn₂O₄-Graphene Flexible Film for High-Performance Rechargeable Hybrid Aqueous Battery.

A novel LiMn₂O₄-graphene flexible film is successfully prepared by facile vacuum filtration technique. LiMn₂O₄ nanowires with diameters of 50⁻100 nm are distributed homogeneously on graphene sheet matrix. Used as cathode in rechargeable hybrid aqueous batteries, the LiMn₂O₄-graphene film exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance in comparison to LiMn₂O₄-graphene powder.

Iterative ensemble feature selection for multiclass classification of imbalanced microarray data.

Background: Microarray technology allows biologists to monitor expression levels of thousands of genes among various tumor tissues. Identifying relevant genes for sample classification of various tumor types is beneficial to clinical studies. One of the most widely used classification strategies for multiclass classification data is the One-Versus-All (OVA) schema that divides the original problem into multiple binary classification of one class against the rest.